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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Endoscopic papillotomy - a new therapeutic approach to gall bladder diseases (author's transl)].

Endoscopic papillotomy (EPT) was performed in 66 patients, 59 of whom had choledocholithiasis and the remaining seven had stenosis of the papilla of Vater. The stones passed spontaneously in 37 patients, but had to be extracted in 10 cases. All seven patients with stenosis showed free bile flow following EPT. Four patients become anicteric although the stones persisted. Four patients had a febrile complication which subsided in response to antibiotic therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for invasive bladder carcinoma: disease outcome and bladder preservation and relationship to local tumor response.

Thirty-nine patients with locally advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder received presurgical combination chemotherapy in an effort to improve survival, reduce local tumor recurrence and distant failure, and enhance surgical resectability and potentially salvage the bladder. One to six cycles (median 2.8) of M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, cisplatin), CMV (cisplatin, methotrexate, vinblastine), or VP16 CDDP (etoposide, cisplatin) were administered after initial diagnosis and clinical staging of the bladder cancer and transurethral resection of the tumor. Clinical staging was repeated before each cycle of chemotherapy. Transurethral resection and systemic neoadjuvant chemotherapy clinically downstaged 31 of 39 patients (79%). Subsequently, 26 patients underwent radical cystectomy and 13 patients received bladder salvage (6 received a partial surgical resection and 7 observation). At 41 months' median follow-up, 4-year overall survival was 63 +/- 17%, cancer-specific survival was 71 +/- 19%, local recurrence-free survival was 66 +/- 22%, and metastasis-free survival was 73 +/- 16%. Patients with a complete clinical and pathologic response had far better survival than those without a complete response; for pathologic stage, survival was 100% vs. 45% for those with residual tumor (p = 0.003). Local recurrence (Ta or TiS) occurred in 46% of those with their bladder salvaged and still in situ. These data suggest that with neoadjuvant chemotherapy bladder salvage seems feasible in selected patients, although they appear to be at higher risk for tumor recurrence. Accurate selection of the group of patients most likely to benefit is difficult and may not be possible in a predictable manner with currently available selection methods.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1977

The importance of adrenergic receptors in disorders of micturition.

A review is presented of the adrenoreceptors in the lower urinary tract, and their relationship to disorders of micturition. It is suggested that they may be of importance of neurogenic bladder disease, bladder neck obstruction, benign enlargement of the prostate, and certain drug and hormonal effects on the lower urinary tract, and that modification of their activity can be of benefit in the management of these conditions.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An investigation of the nature of bladder mucosal glycoconjugates and their role in interstitial cystitis.

The long-term objective of this study is to elucidate the role of bladder mucosal glycosaminoglycans and mucin glycoproteins in the development of interstitial cystitis and other bladder diseases. Bladder biopsies and urine samples from patients and healthy controls were analyzed for glycoconjugates by biochemical and immunochemical methods. Due to the limited availability of human bladders for research purposes, detailed analysis of rabbit bladders glycoconjugates were also carried out. Biochemical analysis of rabbit bladders indicate that while the major portion of the glycoconjugates in the urothelium is sialoglycoprotein, low levels of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate are also present. The correlating immunohistochemical data show very weak staining of the rabbit bladder epithelium by antiglycosaminoglycan antibodies. In contrast, the lamina propria and muscle layers stained intensely for chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid. Thus, the quantity of glycosaminoglycans associated with the bladder epithelial layer, particularly as extracellular matrix components on the luminal surface of the bladder, appears insignificant. On the other hand, several lectins and anti-epitectin (a MUC1 sialoglycoprotein) antibodies showed strong staining of the luminal surface of rabbit and normal human bladders. Further, preliminary results with anti-epitectin antibodies reveal a weaker and patchy staining of biopsy specimens from interstitial cystitis patients compared to controls. The urinary levels of glycosaminoglycans and epitectin, in interstitial cystitis patients and healthy controls were determined by chemical or immunoassays. Urinary epitectin, but not glycosaminoglycans, was decreased in interstitial cystitis patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Disturbances of bladder and urethral function in Parkinson's disease.

Bladder and urethral function was studied in a total of 68 patients, using cystometry and sphincter electromyography. A high incidence of disturbances of both detrusor and sphincter innervation was encountered. Upper urinary tract damage was rare. The pathophysiology of the dysfunctions of the lower urinary tract is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Tamm-Horsfall protein coating of free cells in urine.

The origin of free cells in urine is difficult to determine in the absence of cellular casts. Using fluorescein-conjugated antibody to human Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP), it was demonstrated that some free cells in urine are coated with THP. To evaluate the usefulness of this observation in the differentiation of upper from lower urinary tract disease, the presence of THP coating of cells was correlated with the clinical diagnosis in 141 subjects. The percentage of THP-coated cells for each group (mean +/- SD) was Healthy volunteers (n = 10), 4% +/- 2%; hospitalized controls (n = 20), 3% +/- 3%; glomerulonephritis (n = 21), 61% +/- 6%; chronic interstitial nephritis (n = 26), 56% +/- 5%; other renal parenchymal diseases (n = 14), 50% +/- 8%; bladder disease (n = 14), 8% +/- 2%; and hypertension (n = 36), 24% +/- 33%. Based on the results from the bladder disease group, 12% coating was set as the 95% confidence limit for lower urinary tract disease. The results in this group were not different from control subjects. By analysis of variance and chi 2 analysis, subjects with renal parenchymal disease could be distinguished from those with hypertension and bladder disease (P less than .001 and P less than .0001, respectively). The presence of cellular coating by THP in renal parenchymal disease and its absence in bladder disease suggests that this simple test may be of use in determining the origin of free cells observed in the routine microscopic urinalysis.

Adsorption↗