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PubMedDate not supplied

[Technic for the preparation of bone marrow biopsies. Evaluation of bone marrow cell count].

After having briefly reviewed the different subjective and objective procedures for interpreting Bone Marrow Biopsies from the standpoint of evaluating Bone Marrow Cellularity, the authors propose a method for overall morphological examination, controlled by a rapid evaluation by means of an integrator ocular. This simple, reliable and easily reproducible "semi-subjective" technique seems useful in routine pathological diagnosis, particularly to compare successive Bone Marrow Biopsies from the same patient when treated by antimitotics, or to study the changes of the hematopoietic tissue in the area of medullary metastasis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

No narcosis for bone marrow harvest in autologous bone marrow transplantation.

A prospective study with mild general analgesia and sedation together with local anesthesia during bone marrow harvest was performed. Thirty-one patients underwent 33 bone marrow collections. Pretreatment consisted of 100 mg meperidine i.m. and 20 mg diazepam i.m. 1 h before start of procedure. Eight patients got additional meperidine and diazepam during the procedure, all patients got lidocaine 1% locally. A mean volume of 1.321 was obtained with 42.5 punctures. Twenty-two patients had no complications, 4 vomited, 4 had easily correctable hypotension of short duration, one got oxygen for cyanosis of short duration. Acceptance was good in 23 patients, in 6 reasonably well, in two bad. Only one patient experienced pain problems, due to suction. Anxiety was no major problem due to good information before the procedure and mild sedation. This form of anesthesia for bone marrow collection is a safe procedure, it is generally well accepted by the patient and it can be performed on an out-patient basis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relation of bone marrow scintigraphy and unilateral bone marrow biopsy in malignant lymphoma.

To assess the diagnostic role of bone marrow scintigraphy (BMS) for detecting bone marrow infiltration by malignant lymphomas, 47 patients, 14 with malignant Hodgkin's and 33 with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma underwent BMS with 99mTc-sulphur-colloid and also unilateral iliac crest bone marrow biopsy (BMB). BM involvement in BMB was observed in 11 of the 47 patients. Four of these patients also had BMS lesions. Eight patients had BMS lesions not detected by BMB. There was poor agreement between the two modalities (kappa=0.137). Considering BMB as the gold standard, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of BMS were 36%, 77%, 33%, 80%, and 68% respectively. In conclusion, BMS has a high negative predictive value and may be used as a complementary screening test for lymphoma to assess the extent of BM involvement, especially if magnetic resonance imaging-guided biopsy or positron emission tomography studies are not available, as is the case in developing countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[In vitro treatment of leukemic bone marrow. What future for autologous bone marrow transplantation?].

Autologous bone marrow transplantation is a new technique in which some of the patient's bone marrow is removed and frozen to be reinjected later after heavy chemotherapy and/or total irradiation. Applied to solid tumours, this technique makes it possible to use tumoricidal agents to a degree never achieved before. In acute leukaemias bone marrow can be taken during complete remission, cleared in vitro of contaminating blast cells and reinjected after heavy chemotherapy and/or total irradiation have been given to consolidate the remission. The preliminary results of international trials indicate that this new approach to the treatment of acute leukaemias should substantially prolong the first complete remission and most probably increase the cure rate. The different methods used for in vitro depuration of leukaemic bone marrows (e.g. chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, immunotoxins) are described.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

Tc-99m MIBI localization in bone marrow: a marker of bone marrow malignancy.

To determine the potential of Tc-99m MIBI for detecting bone marrow malignancy, MIBI imaging of the femur was evaluated. There was no detectable MIBI activity in 125 of 141 (89%) control patients. Clearly demonstrated focal or tubular MIBI activity indicating intramedullary accumulation was demonstrated in 44 of 45 (98%) patients with proven marrow malignancy: 9 patients with multiple myeloma, 10 patients with malignant lymphoma, 11 patients with acute leukemia, 1 patient with chronic leukemia, and 14 patients with skeletal metastases. No abnormal MIBI activity was observed in the femur in 19 of 22 (86%) patients who had no evidence of malignant involvement in the femoral marrow, in 3 patients with solitary plasmacytomas of the spine, sternum or iliac bone, or in 16 patients with malignant lymphoma. In 12 of 24 patients with acute leukemia in complete remission, no abnormal MIBI accumulation was shown in the femur, but in 12 patients, abnormal accumulation indicating residual leukemic activity was demonstrated. MIBI imaging correlated extremely well with MRI studies; 26 of 28 patients with focal or tubular increased MIBI activity in the femur showed decreased signal on T1-weighted images and a high signal on short inversion recovery images, and 11 patients with no abnormal activity showed a high signal on T1 images. MIBI imaging of the femoral bone marrow may be a new modality for detecting marrow malignancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Bone marrow cells from allogeneic bone marrow chimeras inhibit the generation of cytotoxic lymphocyte responses against both donor and recipient cells.

When added to a mixed lymphocyte culture, bone marrow cells suppress the generation of CTL activity against H-2 Ag shared by the BM cells and the stimulator cells. These cells have been referred to as veto cells and are thought to play a role in maintaining self-tolerance. We analyzed the H-2 specificity of the suppression expressed by the veto cells from H-2 incompatible bone marrow chimeras, because lymphocytes of such chimeras had been shown to be tolerant to both donor and recipient Ag when tested by CTL responses. We found that the bone marrow cells of such chimeras which were featured by non-T and non-B cell characteristics inhibited the generation of CTL directed against either donor or recipient Ag, but not against third-party Ag. These observations suggest that in allogeneic chimeras the veto or veto-like cells alter the inhibitory specificity exhibited in the recipient microenvironment and indicate that these cells are directly involved in the induction and maintenance of self-tolerance.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of chronic graft-versus-host disease after unrelated-donor bone marrow transplantation. Kanazawa University Bone Marrow Transplant Team].

Six patients with hematologic diseases who received bone marrow from an unrelated donor (URD) from 1992 through 1993 and survived for more than 100 days after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) were assessed for the incidence, time of onset, and extent of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD). Five patients (83%) developed cGVHD, compared with 41% of a control group consisting of 34 patients who received bone marrow from a related donor during the same period. In 4 (80%) of the 5 patients, cGVHD occurred within 70 days after BMT. This early occurrence of cGVHD was observed in only 7% of the control group (P = 0.006). cGVHD tended to involve more organs in the URD-BMT patients than in the control group. In two patients with cGVHD, an allele mismatch in HLA-DRB1 gene between the patients and donor was disclosed by DNA typing. These findings indicate that it is important to strengthen post-transplant immunosuppression, to initiate screening tests from the early post-transplant period, and to select a suitable donor matched with HLA-DRB1 alleles for the prevention of cGVHD in the URD-BMT patients.

Adolescent↗