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[Truth at bedside in relation to poor prognosis. From the viewpoint of the hospital chaplain].

A few weeks ago the doctor informed me of a 35-year-old woman, who was being treated for cancer. The patient, a mother of two children, already has full metastasis. When the doctor did his visits, she asked him very clearly and directly about her condition, but he gave evasive answers. Afterwards he asked me: "What should I do? Am I allowed to tell her the truth, although there is nothing left to hope for?" I advised him to answer all her questions truly and honestly, and he did. We decided to accompany the patient in her struggles and difficulties. During that time we had very profound dialogues with her about her worries and anxieties. While grappling with the problem of death many people awaken to a deeper sense of life. My task in the hospital Pastoral Care is to be with the people in their questions, thoughts and complaints; to endure and share their weariness and difficulties, not to give superficial and trivial answers.

Adult↗

Developing chaplain/physician relationships in obstetrics.

Effective and comprehensive pastoral care within the obstetrical hospital unit depends on a close working relationship with the entire health care team. This article describes the intentionality, time and energy required to develop these relationships and openness to pastoral ministry. A brief history of obstetrics and pastoral care within this hospital is discussed. Building relationships with obstetricians requires involvement in clinical situations with patients/families, response to ethical issues, and contribution to their continuing medical education. Lastly, the article describes some advantages of a woman chaplain in obstetrics.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

Collaboration between hospital social work and pastoral care to help families cope with serious illness and grief.

The authors describe an educational program for hospital chaplains based on a partnership between pastoral care and social work in a teaching hospital. The goal of the program is to train chaplains to use social work principles to maximize families' capacity to negotiate a complex health care system, to solve problems in a health crisis, and to participate constructively on the health care team. Building on the two disciplines' shared values in person-centered, process-oriented approaches to care, the program introduces chaplain trainees to social work concepts of crisis intervention and family systems theory that they can apply in their interactions with families in their hospital and congregational practice. The approach taught in the program is illustrated in a case vignette describing a chaplain trainee's work with the family of a child treated for severe burns.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

Body, mind, and soul. The parish nurse offers physical, emotional, and spiritual care.

Many hospitals see the parish nurse program as a way to bring their mission to the community and collaborate with area parishes. Because people are finding it increasingly difficult to access our nation's complex healthcare system, the parish nurse program is becoming more popular with hospitals, parishes, and the communities they serve. The parish nurse is a resource person--a health educator, a personal health counselor, a volunteer coordinator and support group organizer, a community liaison, and a role model for the relationship between one's faith and health. Parish nurses do not provide invasive treatments. Parish nurse programs that have been most successful have been developed through the hospital's pastoral care department in conjunction with the nursing department. The hospital establishes a steering committee to guide the program's formation. Daily, the faculty, a group made up of a physician and representatives from nursing and from pastoral care, supervise and monitor the parish nurse program.

Catholicism↗

Family presence during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

A recent phenomenon in emergency and critical care settings is the presence of family members during resuscitation events. It remains controversial in most institutions, but evidence is increasing that the experience has positive benefits for family members. In this article, the origin of family presence is described and research evidence about the experience is presented. Three case studies are presented to illustrate typical events, including the potential role of the hospital chaplain. Recommendations for implementation are included.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

Pastoral research in a hospital setting: a case study.

Provides a summary of research procedures and outcome data of a utilization review of the pastoral services of a large university medical center. Notes particularly the value of such a project both in terms of concrete knowledge gained and in terms of serendipitous discoveries leading to further research.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

Measuring the spiritual needs of hospital patients and their families.

Uses four psychometric instruments in an attempt to measure the spiritual needs of general hospital patients, family members, and persons from the community. Infers that the data suggest that family members tend to be more involved in a search for meaning than are patients and community persons. Discusses implications of the results for pastoral caregivers.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

Playing well with others: The Discipline in a pediatric hospital.

This article contains a personal reflection on the way it feels, in fact and in theory, to move from a chaplaincy position in a clinical setting, to one where clinical chaplaincy is relatively new. The article presents the ways a clinically trained chaplain can introduce herself to a new setting, and how she must continually reevaluate her approach.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

The ambivalent chaplain: negotiating structural and ideological difference on the margins of modern-day hospital medicine.

The chaplain experience in modern-day hospital medicine is largely one of marginalization. It is not, however, an experience without agency. Working within the constraints of difference, chaplains learn how to negotiate on the margins of medicine. This starts with learning the language of hospital medicine, learning to skillfully see, speak, and move in ways that minimize difference. Successes in socialization and acclimation do not, however, guarantee the chaplain a place in the hospital, where chaplains encounter both structural marginalization (resulting from inequalities in power and hierarchy) and ideological marginalization (resulting from inequalities in accepted forms of knowledge and practice). Using the theories of Michel Foucault (1973) and Byron Good (1994), I examine how chaplains negotiate structural and ideological marginality, at times embracing their connection to medicine (downplaying their connection to the institution of religion) and at other times embracing their connection to religion and religious practices. The result is an ambivalent chaplain who strategically embraces one or the other paradigm in order to survive. Using data gathered during a 12-month ethnography of chaplain interns at a university teaching hospital, this article examines the structural and ideological differences between science and religion through the modern-day practice of hospital chaplains. It both introduces readers to the modern-day chaplain, a healer largely absent in ethnography, and adds a renewed perspective to a long-standing body of literature on the relationship between structure and agency, and science and religion.

Anthropology, Cultural↗

The DRG era: a major opportunity for increased pastoral care impact or a crisis for survival?

Notes how the Diagnostic Related Group (DRG) system, now being utilized by a growing number of hospitals, may provide chaplains with ways of demonstrating their worth as team members in total health care. Claims that pastoral care ought to be a major clinical service in a hospital and that chaplains therefore need to provide objective evidence of their contribution to the well-being of patients, as do other major clinical areas. Suggests specific ways for chaplains to establish such data, including the use of objective measures of the spiritual conditions of patients. Offers examples of accountability procedures and notes that such meticulous chaplain accountability along with follow-up work with patients could lead to expansions of services and new roles in the chaplaincy fields.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

Religion in the psychiatric hospital: a reassessment.

Surveys from a perspectival model the place of the chaplain in the psychiatric hospital in terms of the multidisciplinary mental health team and its workings; historical patterns that have guided mental institutions' explicit or implicit contracts with religion; definitions of the scope of chaplaincy; the symbolic nature of religion; and the prevailing diagnostic neglect of religion and of the patient's personal agenda.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

Vatican II and pluralism in pastoral care.

The documents of Vatican II imply that the ever increasing plurality of needs in the world and in Catholic health care institutions must be met by plurality in Christian response. Catholic hospitals should welcome onto their pastoral care teams people with diverse credentials and use them to promote the spiritual care of patients--Catholic and non-Catholic. In addition, this pluralistic ministry should extend itself beyond institutional walls toward the social needs of the community.

Catholicism↗

[Description of the "new" intensive care unit of the Valladolid Río Hortega Hospital].

The unit described herein forms part of the Rio Hortega Hospital in Valladolid (Spain) and is situated on the third floor. The building houses several medical and surgical specialities and has been renovated several times; the latest renovations have involved technical and structural renovation of the Intensive Care Unit. The new intensive care unit was inaugurated in February 1998 due to new technical and medical requirements. The aim of improving medical care and the degree of satisfaction among patients and their families has been achieved and the work environment is more congenial and peaceful. The unit is composed of two areas: the multipurpose intensive care unit and the cardiology intensive care unit, edowed with the same monitoring system and apparatus specific to each. Moreover, the unit is composed of an administration area, storerooms and an area for common services (a room for the cleaning of material, waste disposal, lavatories, etc.). The medical team is composed of (a) medical staff-seven staff doctors and five residents; (b) nursing staff: 18 nurses and 13 nurse's aides in the multipurpose Intensive Care Unit; 13 nurses and 8 nurse's aides in the cardiology intensive care unit: one supervisor common to both units; administrative staff: one secretary; one security guard and one cleaner. The distribution of nursing work depends on workload reflected in the patient's daily chart, protocols, nursing care plans and follow-up sheets for the nursing team. Visiting hours are divided between the morning and afternoon and information is given to the patient's relatives by the doctor before the visit. The hospital has three catholic priests who periodically visit the patients. We also try to help when the patients profess other religious faith. The type of patients who are cared for in the unit as well as their distribution according to condition, severity, death, etc, is shown in figures: the data correspond to the period from January 1 1998 to August 1 1999.

Chaplaincy Service, Hospital↗

Describing what chaplains do in hospitals.

Reports on a research project that describes the unique activities in which chaplains engage as they provide pastoral care and counseling and spiritual direction to patients in a large, acute tertiary referral medical center in Melbourne, Australia. Analyzes 57,704 entries which described what hospital chaplains do when interacting with patients over a period of five and one-half years. Identifies as the core activities "promoting spiritual transcending" (57.6% of all entries), "promoting spiritual intactness" (36.1% of all entries) and "enacting ministry" (6.2% of all entries).

Australia↗

The child and the chaplain in the mental health hospital: a clinical impression.

Describes some characteristics of certain learning disabilities in children and how a chaplain can provide effective pastoral care to the dysfunctional child. Notes through clinical vignettes how a chaplain can communicate God's love and faithfulness to children who suffer from attention deficits and hyperactivity disorders.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗

Questions posed to hospital chaplains by palliative care patients.

CONTEXT: Questions of vital importance are actualized when facing one's own death. Studies on patient need for a hospital chaplaincy as an integral part of hospital care are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To categorize the three most important questions patients pose to hospital chaplains at the end of life and to assess the degree to which hospital staff should be able to handle them. DESIGN AND SETTING: A Swedish national survey using an open-ended questionnaire and content analysis. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred seventy-two Swedish hospital chaplains (national coverage, 74% response rate). Categories developed from open-ended questions. Categories of questions posed to hospital chaplains. RESULTS: Five main categories were identified: meaning (34%); death and dying (21%); pain and illness (13%); relationships (15%); and religious issues (8%). Questions of a general existential nature concerned with meaning-related issues and with death and dying were frequently the primary issue. Many questions dealt with pain, fear of suffocation, and illness in general (i.e., questions that the palliative team should be able to handle). Only 8% of the issues were explicitly religious and these were often third-hand choices. CONCLUSION: The role of the hospital chaplaincy has changed. Today it entails specialized competence and is needed in existential discussions with different patients in crisis, regardless of their personal faith or lack of faith. Nonetheless, physicians and other staff members should be able to handle many of the questions that are of a more general/medical character.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

Worship with a twist.

The core values of hospitality, respect, and innovation help to guide and initiate changes in the worship services of a rehabilitation hospital. The Antiphon of the day, special hymnals containing residents choices, and inclusion in the prayers of the day helped achieve these goals. Residents are constantly given choices with the Chaplain ready to keep the service moving smoothly. In these ways the core values are included in all services. Specific resources are listed, and the article is followed by a response from another chaplain with a somewhat different approach.

Catholicism↗

The 1979 CHA survey of pastoral care programs.

Pastoral care programs have grown and matured in the 10 years since The Catholic Hospital Association and the National Association of Catholic Chaplains issued their "Guidelines for Establishing a Department of Religion in a Catholic-Sponsored Hospital." CHA's 1979 survey of 370 institutions points out that while pastoral care departments are recognized as important, budgets for personnel and programs are unrealistic. The shortage of pastoral care personnel is an acute challenge to Catholic facilities, and alternative staffing methods must be sought.

Budgets↗