PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Colitis, Lymphocytic”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Evaluation of Th1, Th2 and immunosuppressive cytokine mRNA expression within the colonic mucosa of dogs with idiopathic lymphocytic-plasmacytic colitis.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of the immunoregulatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-12p35, IL-12p40, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and the expression of the predominantly immunosuppressive cytokines transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and IL-10 in canine idiopathic lymphocytic-plasmacytic colitis (LPC). Semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions were performed using specific primers on RNA isolated from the colonic mucosa of healthy dogs, dogs with clinical signs of large intestinal disease but normal histopathology of the colon, and dogs with LPC. Canine LPC was associated with over-expression of IL-2 compared to healthy colonic mucosa (p<0.01) and the mucosa of dogs with large intestinal diarrhoea but normal histopathology (p<0.05). Higher levels of TNF-alpha mRNA were also seen in LPC compared to healthy mucosa (p<0.05). These results indicate that LPC is associated with activation of CD4+ T-helper lymphocytes and increased production of T-helper-1-type cytokines.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Microscopic colitis with giant cells: a rare new histopathologic subtype?

Collagenous and lymphocytic colitis might be part of the same disease spectrum. In this report, we present a histopathologic subtype of microscopic colitis characterized by the presence of subepithelial multinucleated giant cells. This reaction is very unusual and not explicable by any underlying disease process or previous treatment. Among 490 cases of microscopic colitis (MC) diagnosed between 1992 and 2002, we found 2 cases with macrophages and giant cells (0.4%). One case of lymphocytic colitis (LC) and 1 case of collagenous colitis (CC) presented aggregates of macrophages and giant cells located in the superficial part of the lamina propria. Infectious or non-infectious colonic granulomatous diseases were excluded on histologic, clinical, and biological grounds. The recognition of this feature in an MC is important to avoid the diagnosis of granulomatous infectious or idiopathic colitis such as Crohn's disease. Even if very unusual, this subtype of MC evolves favorably since the 2 patients responded well to corticosteroid treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2007

CD4(+) T lymphocytes mediate colitis in HLA-B27 transgenic rats monoassociated with nonpathogenic Bacteroides vulgatus.

BACKGROUND: HLA-B27/beta2 microglobulin transgenic (TG) rats develop spontaneous colitis when raised under specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions or after mono-association with Bacteroides vulgatus (B. vulgatus), whereas germ-free TG rats fail to develop intestinal inflammation. SPF HLA-B27 TG rnu/rnu rats, which are congenitally athymic, remain disease free. These results indicate that commensal intestinal bacteria and T cells are both pivotal for the development of colitis in TG rats. However, it is not known if T cells are also required in the induction of colitis by a single bacterial strain. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the role of T cells in the development of colitis in B. vulgatus-monoassociated HLA-B27 TG rats. METHODS: HLA-B27 TG rnu/rnu and rnu/+ rats were monoassociated with B. vulgatus for 8-12 weeks. CD4(+) T cells from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) of B. vulgatus-monoassociated rnu/+ TG donor rats were transferred into B. vulgatus-monoassociated rnu/rnu TG recipients. RESULTS: B. vulgatus-monoassociated rnu/+ rats showed higher histologic inflammatory scores and elevated colonic interferon-gamma mRNA, cecal myeloperoxidase, and cecal IL-1beta levels compared to those in rnu/rnu TG rats that did not contain T cells. After transfer of CD4(+) cells from colitic B. vulgatus-monoassociated rnu/+ TG donor rats, B. vulgatus-monoassociated rnu/rnu TG recipients developed colitis that was accompanied by B. vulgatus-induced IFN-gamma production by MLN cells in vitro and inflammatory parameters similar to rnu/+ TG rats. CONCLUSIONS: These results implicate CD4(+) T cells in the development of colitis in HLA-B27 TG rats monoassociated with the nonpathogenic bacterial strain B. vulgatus.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Diagnosing collagenous colitis: does it make a difference?

Collagenous colitis is part of the spectrum of disorders known as microscopic colitis, which also include lymphocytic colitis and a mixed disorder with both a collagen band present and also intra-epithelial lymphocytes. Collagenous colitis appears to be caused by mucosal injury from toxins in the faecal stream. The collagen band is a result of the underlying inflammatory process and not the cause of symptoms. The diagnosis is based on colonic mucosal pathology and a compatible clinical presentation. Treatment is empiric and ranges from no therapy, to anti-inflammatory or anti-secretory agents, to diverting ileostomy.

Colitis↗
PubMed2005

[Microscopic colitis].

A 38-year old woman is admitted in the gastroenterology unit for a disabling episode of watery diarrhoea, not bloody and refractory to anti-diarrheic drugs. Different diagnostic exams remain negatives, with the exception of colic biopsies who disclose a lymphocytic colitis, one of the forms of the microscopic colitis entity. Microscopic colitis is an anatomo-clinic syndrome characterized by the presence of histological abnormalities on colic biopsies amongst patients suffering from chronic watery diarrhoea without endoscopic anomalies. Two clinical entities are today well known: collagenous colitis is characterized by a thickening of the sub-epithelial collagen band of the colon; lymphocytic colitis is defined as an increased level of lymphocytic cells, more than 20%, in the epithelial surface of colorectal mucosa. Inflammatory lesions of the chorion and alterations of the epithelial surface are seen in the two types of colitis. Their etiology remains unknown. It could be due to inflammatory lesions from autoimmune origin, activated by various exogenous agents such as bacteria and drugs. Clinical (feminine prevalence, frequent association with auto-immune diseases) and morphological similarities lead to argue and to hypothesis that both entities could represent different stages of the same disease, the lymphocytic colitis being the early stage. Various treatments have been proposed, for instance 5-aminosalicylates, but today mainly synthetic corticoids are used, especially budesonide. Others entities are recently been described: the chronic pericrypt eosinophilic enterocolitis and the colonic epithelial lymphocytosis ("epidemic").

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Collagenous colitis: jejunal and colorectal pathology.

AIMS: To determine: (1) whether there is an association between collagenous colitis and coeliac disease or lymphocytic colitis; (2) the distribution of lymphocyte subsets and macrophages in the lamina propria and surface epithelial layer in collagenous colitis; and (3) the colorectal distribution of the disease and whether a mucosal biopsy specimen, using a flexible sigmoidoscope, is sufficient to diagnose it. METHODS: The clinical data and colorectal biopsy specimens from 38 patients with collagenous colitis were studied. In 10, small bowel biopsy specimens were also available for review. Immunostaining of the mucosal lymphoid infiltrate with a panel of relevant antibodies was carried out on formalin fixed tissue in seven cases; in three the phenotyping was performed on fresh biopsy specimens separately frozen or fixed in B5 solution. RESULTS: Coeliac disease was found in four out of the 10 patients with collagenous colitis who had had a small bowel biopsy, in contrast to the prevalence of the disease in Australia of 1 in 3000. Collagenous colitis did not respond to gluten withdrawal. Five of 29 (17%) of the patients had a mixed pattern of lymphocytic and collagenous colitis. Immunostaining of the lymphoid infiltrate showed that the striking increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes in collagenous colitis was due to an influx of CD8 positive cells. The occurrence and severity of collagenous colitis along the large bowel were independent of the anatomical site, and in more than 90% of cases biopsy specimens from the sigmoid colon or rectum were diagnostic. CONCLUSIONS: There is a very high incidence of coeliac disease among patients with collagenous colitis so that jejunal biopsy should be an essential part of their investigations, especially if symptoms persist. However, only a minority showed a mixed pattern of lymphocytic and collagenous colitis. The intraepithelial lymphocytes in collagenous colitis are CD8 positive cells. Collagenous colitis can be diagnosed from rectal or sigmoid colon biopsy specimens in more than 90% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Morphological characteristics of chronic colitis in workers of gas-processing industry].

Surgical and biopsy material from 76 patients who had been working for a long time at Orenburg gas-processing factory was investigated. Group 1 consisted of 36 workers with classic lymphocytic colitis. Group 2 (40 men) had diarrhea with blood, pains in the abdomen, loss of weight, ulcers at colonoscopy, atypical variants of lymphocytic colitis at colonoscopy. These variants may result in the ulceration leading to inevitable surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Collagenous gastritis: a case report, morphologic evaluation, and review.

Collagenous gastritis is rare; there are only four previous case reports. Histologic features seem to overlap with the other "collagenous enterocolitides"; however, pathologic criteria are not yet established for the diagnosis of collagenous gastritis. We describe an additional case of ostensible collagenous gastritis in a patient who initially presented with celiac sprue and subsequently developed colonic manifestations of mucosal ulcerative colitis. Endoscopic biopsies of the stomach revealed deposition of patchy, very thick bandlike subepithelial collagen in gastric antral mucosa, focal superficial epithelial degeneration, numerous intraepithelial lymphocytes, and a dense lamina propria lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate. Image analysis evaluation of gastric antral biopsies demonstrated a mean thickness of subepithelial collagen of 27.07 micron. Morphologic comparison was made with age-matched control groups of 10 patients who had normal gastric mucosal biopsies and 10 patients who had "chronic" gastritis, which revealed mean subepithelial collagen measures of 1.37 micron and 1.19 micron, respectively. We compared these morphologic findings with those of all previous case reports of collagenous gastritis and propose a pathologic definition based on the limited combined data. It seems that subepithelial collagen is dramatically thickened in reported cases of collagenous gastritis, with a cumulative mean measure of 36.9 micron. It is also apparent from this and previous reports that the thickened subepithelial collagen is accompanied by a chronic or chronic active gastritis and sometimes intraepithelial lymphocytes and surface epithelial damage. Recently described associations of lymphocytic gastritis, sprue, and lymphocytic colitis as well as collagenous and lymphocytic colitis suggest a common pathogenesis that empirically may include collagenous gastritis in the same disease spectrum. We propose that collagenous gastritis can be confidently identified by using analogous defined features of collagenous colitis: subepithelial collagen more than 10 micron in a patchy distribution, lamina propria lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, intraepithelial lymphocytes, and surface epithelial damage. Collagenous gastritis also seems to have the same spectrum of associated clinical findings as collagenous colitis, including frequent coexistence of celiac sprue, watery diarrhea syndrome, and female predominance.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Microscopic colitis: a retrospective study of clinical presentation in 53 patients.

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between symptoms and microscopic colitis (MC) subtypes: to test whether collagenous colitis (CC) and/or lymphocytic colitis (LC) might be related to both constipation and diarrhea. METHODS: A cohort of patients with independently confirmed typical histopathological changes was investigated. Fifty-three patients with histologically proved MC (46 with CC, 7 with LC) were included. The existence of diarrhea or constipation and the co-existence of autoimmune diseases were also investigated and all data were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-three (43.39%) of MC patients had chronic constipation (20 in CC, 3 in LC patients). Twenty-four (45.28%) of MC patients had autoimmune disease and the diagnosis of autoimmune disease was always prior to MC. Sjögren's syndrome was associated only with the constipation subgroup. CONCLUSION: The Janus face of MC resembles the subgroups of irritable bowel syndrome. The co-existence of autoimmune diseases and MC is confirmed in both the constipation and diarrhea subgroups.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Microscopic colitis. A possible diagnosis in secretory diarrhea].

The colitis microscopic was characterized by chronic watery diarrhea accompanied or not of abdominal pain. Present in patients of median age and the diagnosis was realized by means of the microscopic finds of a mucus of colon with an aspect macroscopic normal. They exist 2 types microscopically distinct, the collagenous colitis and the lymphocytic colitis. We referred 2 cases of each one of the types of microscopic colitis, whose manifestation clinic in common was the chronic watery diarrhea.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1995

Chronic, unexplained diarrhea: are biopsies necessary if colonoscopy is normal?

OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the frequency of clinically important histological abnormalities in patients with chronic, unexplained diarrhea who had macroscopically normal colonic endoscopies. METHODS: Of 855 consecutive patients undergoing colonoscopy (595 cases) or flexible proctosigmoidoscopy (260 cases) by one endoscopist, biopsies were taken in 111 cases of unexplained diarrhea of at least 4-6 weeks duration in which the colorectal mucosa appeared grossly normal. All biopsies were blindly reviewed by one pathologist. RESULTS: In this group of patients with macroscopically normal colons, we identified no cases of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis or any definite cases of collagenous colitis (CC) or lymphocytic colitis (LC). There was one case classified as "possible CC" and 13 cases classified as "some features of LC". There were five cases of melanosis coli, one case of cytomegalovirus colitis (in an immunosuppressed patient), and one case of radiation injury. Ninety-one cases were classified as no pathological diagnosis or minimal histological change. Patients with abnormal histology were contacted to see if they had persistence or resolution of diarrhea. For the cases of "possible CC" and "some features of LC," diarrhea had resolved spontaneously in the majority. Interesting to note, only one of the five melanosis coli patients admitted to laxative use, raising the question of surreptitious abuse. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the yield of biopsies in diarrhea patients with macroscopically normal colons at endoscopy is low. It may be reasonable to obtain biopsies in patients with relatively severe or debilitating symptoms, with diarrhea that sounds "organic" (e.g., nocturnal stools, frequent watery stools, weight loss, elevated sedimentation rate), or in patients who are immunosuppressed. When biopsies are taken at colonoscopy, we suggest taking about six from throughout the colon and placing them into just one specimen container to help minimize costs.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Drug-associated hemorrhagic enteritis].

Drug-associated hemorrhagic colitis are divided into antibiotic associated hemorrhagic colitis (AAHC) and other drug associated hemorrhagic colitis. AAHC are mainly caused by oral usage of Ampicillin and its derivatives (85%). Initially AAHC are believed to be caused by Klebsiella oxytoca overgrowth. However, these organisum has no exotoxin like Clostridium difficile and pathogenesis of AAHC are still unresolved. Typical AAHC are diagnosed by colonoscopy with diffuse hemorrhage and edema mainly found in descending colon and transverse colon. NSAIDs are also the cause of hemorrhagic colitis like AAHC. Mephenamic acid are famous for this complication. Diarrhea is one of the main complication of oral 5-fluorouracil administration and even causes hemorrhagic colitis. Its histology are characteristic in gland atrophy. Gold colitis are reported 36 cases in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Exact mechanism of bleeding are not understood. NSAIDs may cause collagenous colitis and or lymphocytic colitis in RA patients. Other rare hemorrhagic colitis are associated with azathioprine, methyl dopa, interferon alfa etc. NSAIDs and anticoagulants are well known drugs for complication of GI bleeding making hemorrhagic enteritis.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1993

[Segmental ischemic colitis in lymphocytic thrombotic venulitis].

This case illustrates the difficulty of diagnosing a colonic stenosis of ischemic origin. A 70-year-old lady presents with abdominal pain, fever and melaena. Lc are 15.2, ESR 39 mm, CEA 2.7 ng/ml. A barium enema shows a stenosis of the transverse colon that is suspicious of neoplasia. At time of operation, an induration of the transverse colon is found with edema of the corresponding mesocolon but no tumour is palpated. A resection of this area is performed and an end to end anastomosis performed. Pathology shows an ischemic colitis secondary to a lymphocytic thrombotic venulitis. The patient is discharged home one month postoperatively. 4 weeks later she is readmitted with the same symptoms. A gastrograffin enema shows a similar stenosis in the transverse colon including the anastomosis. The diagnosis is made of a recurrent ischemic stenosis. The patient improves over a 10-day period of conservative treatment (anticoagulation, TPN, steroids). A control barium enema shows a near resolution of the stenosis. The majority of ischemic colitis are of arterial origin nevertheless ischemic colitis of venous origin exists. The factor causing venous ischemia are not known. It is though thought to be associated with hypersensitivity vasculitis of drug origin. Its initial diagnosis versus neoplasia is difficult but once made there is a good response to a conservative treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

The new colitides, Collagenous, lymphocytic, and diversion colitis.

Three recently described colitides are collagenous, lymphocytic, and diversion colitis. Collagenous and lymphocytic colitis are similar inflammatory bowel disorders of unknown cause that present as chronic watery diarrhea in middle age. Diversion colitis occurs as the result of surgery in which segments of the large intestine are excluded from the fecal stream. The clinical and histologic features of these entities are discussed.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed2003

Suspicion of microscopic colitis raised by sonographic examination.

This report describes the case of a 57-year-old woman who was incidentally identified as having lymphocytic colitis after she underwent routine transabdominal sonographic examination. She initially reported having no irregularities in her bowel movements. Sonography revealed the following nonspecific findings: watery stool in the entire colon, slight thickening of the hypoechoic mucosal layer and moderate thickening of the hyperechoic submucosal layer of the colon, and no pathologic findings in the small intestine. On additional questioning, the patient said that she had had watery diarrhea for the last 10 years, with as many as 10 bowel movements daily. Endoscopic examination and biopsy were performed. Histopathologic examination of biopsy specimens showed lymphocytic infiltration of the mucosa and some collagen deposits, consistent with a diagnosis of lymphocytic colitis. Treatment was begun with loperamide, sulfasalazine, and budesonide. Within 3 weeks of the start of treatment, the number of bowel movements decreased to 1-2 daily. Follow-up sonography at that time revealed normalization of the bowel contents and disappearance of the thickened submucosal layer of the colon. Nonspecific sonographic findings like those in this case lead to the need to rule out various diseases through further appropriate evaluations to identify the correct diagnosis.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed2001

Colonic CD8 and gamma delta T-cell infiltration with epithelial damage in children with autism.

OBJECTIVES: We have reported colitis with ileal lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (LNH) in children with regressive autism. The aims of this study were to characterize this lesion and determine whether LNH is specific for autism. METHODS: Ileo-colonoscopy was performed in 21 consecutively evaluated children with autistic spectrum disorders and bowel symptoms. Blinded comparison was made with 8 children with histologically normal ileum and colon, 10 developmentally normal children with ileal LNH, 15 with Crohn's disease, and 14 with ulcerative colitis. Immunohistochemistry was performed for cell lineage and functional markers, and histochemistry was performed for glycosaminoglycans and basement membrane thickness. RESULTS: Histology demonstrated lymphocytic colitis in the autistic children, less severe than classical inflammatory bowel disease. However, basement membrane thickness and mucosal gamma delta cell density were significantly increased above those of all other groups including patients with inflammatory bowel disease. CD8(+) density and intraepithelial lymphocyte numbers were higher than those in the Crohn's disease, LNH, and normal control groups; and CD3 and plasma cell density and crypt proliferation were higher than those in normal and LNH control groups. Epithelial, but not lamina propria, glycosaminoglycans were disrupted. However, the epithelium was HLA-DR(-), suggesting a predominantly T(H)2 response. INTERPRETATION: Immunohistochemistry confirms a distinct lymphocytic colitis in autistic spectrum disorders in which the epithelium appears particularly affected. This is consistent with increasing evidence for gut epithelial dysfunction in autism.

Adolescent↗