PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Contraception Termination”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Stroke in users of low-dose oral contraceptives.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have linked the use of oral contraceptive agents to an increased risk of stroke, but those studies have been limited to oral contraceptives containing more estrogen than is now generally used. METHODS: In a population-based, case-control study, we identified fatal and nonfatal strokes in female members of the California Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program and who were 15 through 44 years of age. Matched controls were randomly selected from female members who had not had strokes. Information about the use of oral contraceptives (essentially limited to low-estrogen preparations) was obtained in interviews. RESULTS: A total of 408 confirmed strokes occurred in a total of 1.1 million women during 3.6 million woman-years of observation. The incidence of stroke was thus 11.3 per 100,000 woman-years. On the basis of data from 295 women with stroke who were interviewed and their controls, the odds ratio for ischemic stroke among current users of oral contraceptives, as compared with former users and women who had never used such drugs, was 1.18 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.54 to 2.59) after adjustment for other risk factors for stroke. The adjusted odds ratio for hemorrhagic stroke was 1.14 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.60 to 2.16). With respect to the risk of hemorrhagic stroke, there was a positive interaction between the current use of oral contraceptives and smoking (odds ratio for women with both these factors, 3.64; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.95 to 13.87). CONCLUSIONS: Stroke is rare among women of childbearing age. Low-estrogen oral-contraceptive preparations do not appear to increase the risk of stroke.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Progestogen-only pills and bleeding disturbances.

The progestogen-only pill (POP), minipill, is quite an effective second line contraceptive. Despite this, it is used relatively infrequently except during lactation. The main reason for this is that women on POP often have abnormal bleeding patterns, with an increased frequency of bleeding, lengthened cycles, breakthrough bleeding, spotting and prolonged bleeding. These menstrual disturbances are the most common quoted reason for discontinuation in up to 25% of users.

Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic↗
PubMed1981

Twinning following oral contraceptive discontinuation.

The characteristics of 673 mothers of twins were compared to those of a matched sample of mothers of singletons. Both groups of mothers were interviewed just after delivery, and births in each group were matched for time and place. Of the characteristics studied, the use of oral contraceptives (OC) displayed a significant negative association with dizygotic twinning, with an estimated relative risk of 0.55 (95% confidence limits: 0.39/0.78). Among other maternal trails significantly associated with dizygotic twinning, ony age, parity and weight were possible confounders as far as the relationship between OC use and dizygotic twinning was concerned. Adjustment for these 3 characteristics left this relationship unaltered. These findings are compatible with the existence of the a direct relationship between OC use and a reduction in dizygotic twinning. Review of the available evidence concerning reproductive capacities following OC discontinuation suggests that the higher incidence of chromosomic abnormalities among spontaneous abortuses of OC users or their lower fertility could explain a reduction of dizygotic twinning rate after OC discontinuation. It is concluded that examination of te time and place variations in OC use and dizygotic twinning would help to clarify the nature of their relationship.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Failure of hepatic adenomas (HCA) to regress after discontinuance of oral contraceptives. An association with focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and uterine leiomyoma.

Oral contraceptives have been implicated in the development of hepatic cellular adenomas (HCA) and associated in at least one report with focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Recurrence of lesions or progression while the patient is no longer receiving exogenous steroids is less well documented. Three cases are reported in which progression or recurrence of HCA after the discontinuance of steroids was documented. In addition, FNH and uterine leiomyomas with HCA were observed in all three cases. The mechanism of tumor formation secondary to the use of oral contraceptives remains undetermined. In two cases, liver tissues were tested for estrogen receptors; both were found to be negative. Although technique as well as the observed progression of these lesions or development of new lesions after the discontinuance of steroids may account for this negative finding, it suggests that induction of this process may be caused by means other than direct cellular stimulation by the exogenous hormones. Finally, these three cases call attention to a potential subgroup of patients having oral contraceptive-associated HCA who may have progression of their liver tumors when no longer receiving steroids and who require an aggressive treatment program and noninvasive follow-up examinations.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of a copper intra-uterine contraceptive device on the microbial ecology of the female genital tract.

Bacteria isolated from 108 intra-uterine contraceptive devices (IUCD) removed from patients with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), haemorrhage, pregnancy and from asymptomatic women, and from the genital tracts of 66 healthy controls not wearing an IUCD, were studied. No significant differences were found in the types of micro-organisms or isolation rates from IUCDs removed from women in the various clinical groups. The isolation rate of anaerobic bacteria from IUCDs removed from asymptomatic wearers was significantly lower than that from controls, with the exception of the isolation rate of actinomyces which was significantly higher in IUCD wearers and A. israelii was recovered only from IUCDs. The isolation rates of the different bacterial species varied with the duration of the device in utero. The presence of a copper IUCD altered the bacterial flora of the female genital tract. The insertion of such a device and the ecological changes that follow play a crucial role in the development of PID.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1988

Recovery of sperm production following the cessation of gossypol treatment: a two-centre study in China.

A number of variables were investigated in 46 men who had stopped taking gossypol for their predictive association with the degree and time of recovery of spermatogenesis. Thirty-nine (87%) of the men were azoospermic at cessation of gossypol treatment. In those with sperm present the geometric mean concentration and total sperm count were 8.3 X 10(6)/ml and 30.7 X 10(6), respectively. Twenty-eight men (61%) recovered to a defined threshold of spermatogenic function (sperm concentration greater than or equal to 20 X 10(6)/ml), with a median recovery time of 1.1 years. However, 18 men (39%) had not recovered to this degree of spermatogenic function after a median follow-up of 1.9 years and, of these, 10 (22%) remained azoospermic. The influence of individual baseline variables on the time to defined recovery was examined using Kaplan-Meier curves for groups and their joint effect by Cox's regression model. The failure of recovery was strongly associated with longer treatment, greater total dose of gossypol, smaller testicular volume, elevated FSH concentrations and, to a lesser extent, with greater body weight.

China↗
PubMed1979

Immediate postpartum insertion of a copper-wired intrauterine contraceptive device, the MLCu250.

The MLCu250, a copper-wired intrauterine contraceptive device, was inserted in 600 women immediately after delivery of the placenta. Thirty months after insertion, 9843 woman months of experience were computerized and the data analysed according to the life-table method. The gross cumulative pregnancy and expulsion rates were 1.3 and 6.0 respectively. No serious complications were observed and the puerperium was uncomplicated.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Laparoscopic removal of translocated intrauterine contraceptives devices.

Over a 6 year period, 67 women had a translocated intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) removed from the peritoneal cavity or uterovesical fold under general anaesthesia. In 40 patients removal of the IUCD at laparoscopy succeeded, whereas in 24 laparotomy proved necessary and three IUCD were removed per vaginam. Compared with the inert plastic device a larger proportion of copper-containing IUCD in the peritoneal cavity required laparotomy for removal, however, 44% could be removed by laparoscopy, the less traumatic procedure.

Female↗