PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “EMBOLISM, AMNIOTIC FLUID”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Amniotic fluid embolism as cause of death in a car accident--a case report.

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE), a relatively rare complication in pregnancy, has a high mortality rate. We describe a case of a 38-week pregnant woman with such an embolism leading to almost immediate death after a blunt abdominal trauma inflicted in a motor vehicle accident and probably associated with improper positioning of a seat belt. It has been assumed that the pathophysiology of amniotic fluid embolism is related to an anaphylactoid reaction and that mast cell degranulation indicates this mechanism. Moreover, immunohistochemical antitryptase staining of pulmonary tissue samples in our case revealed mast cell degranulation.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1998

The diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism: an immunohistochemical study for the quantification of pulmonary mast cell tryptase.

Recent clinical articles have suggested that amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) may be the result of anaphylactic reactions to fetal antigens and that the major part of this clinical syndrome is the result of mast cell degranulation and of the release of histamine, tryptase and other mediators. Tryptase, a neutral protease, is known to be the dominant protein component of the secretory granules of T and TC mast cells. In this paper we have examined the presence and the pulmonary distribution of mast cell tryptase utilizing specific immunohistochemical studies and morphometric evaluation in six cases of fatal amniotic fluid embolism compared to six subjects who died following anaphylactic shock and two control groups (five and six cases respectively) of traumatic death. The results demonstrate a numerical increase of pulmonary mast cells in the subjects who died of AFE (average cell number 54.095) with values corresponding to those encountered in cases of death due to anaphylactic shock (average cell number 51.378) compared with that of the traumatic control groups (average cell number 24.477 and 9.995 respectively). These results can shed light on additional criteria for the diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical aspects of amniotic fluid embolism].

At the Clinic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Celle, two cases of amniotic fluid embolism were observed. The first case showed the two characteristic phases of the disease (cardiopulmonary shock followed by severe disseminated intravascular coagulopathy). During the onset of the cardiorespiratory symptoms, the patient underwent cesarean section and a healthy infant was born. The mother survived. The other patient died of cardiopulmonary arrest. Cesarean section was carried out immediately. At first, the infant was heavily depressed, but further development was normal. Inspite of great advances in intensive care amniotic fluid embolism still is considered to be a very dangerous event with 86% maternal mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Amniotic fluid embolism, anaphylaxis, and tryptase.

It has been recently suggested that amniotic fluid embolism is an anaphylactic reaction to fetal antigens. This hypothesis can be readily tested by obtaining serum tryptase levels within a few hours of the appearance of symptoms in affected patients.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed2003

Amniotic fluid embolism causing catastrophic pulmonary vasoconstriction: diagnosis by transesophageal echocardiogram and treatment by cardiopulmonary bypass.

BACKGROUND: Amniotic fluid embolism is a rare yet often lethal peripartum complication resulting from rapid cardiovascular collapse. Progress toward a better understanding of this entity has failed to identify either the underlying hemodynamic pathophysiology or an effective evidence-based treatment. CASE: A 45-year-old woman with a documented placenta previa experienced an amniotic fluid embolism during scheduled cesarean delivery. Transesophageal echocardiogram examination revealed catastrophic pulmonary vasoconstriction. The use of cardiopulmonary bypass, heparin, epinephrine, and high-dose steroids resulted in a successful outcome. CONCLUSION: Timely placement of transesophageal echocardiogram revealed catastrophic pulmonary vasoconstriction as the cause of circulatory collapse in a patient with amniotic fluid embolism, supporting the use of cardiopulmonary bypass as an effective intervention.

Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
PubMed2006

Amniotic fluid embolism after surgical trauma: two case reports and review of the literature.

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a relatively rare condition usually occurring during or shortly after pregnancy and is catastrophic in most cases. The classical description is a sudden onset of dyspnoea, cyanosis and hypotension out of proportion to the blood loss, followed quickly by cardiorespiratory arrest. Up to 20% of patients will have seizures and up to 40% will have consumptive coagulopathy. If the patient survives the initial phase, a non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema will follow in up to 70% of all cases. We report on two cases of severe and near fatal amniotic fluid embolism during pregnancy. Surgical trauma, caused by a blow in the stomach and a surgical intervention, was considered to be the aetiology.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1985

Amniotic fluid embolism: prophylaxis with heparin and aspirin.

The thromboplastic activity of amniotic fluid (AF) from women in labor may be a significant factor in amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) and obstetric disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Infusion of AF from women in labor into laboratory animals was found to depress the platelet count, as seen in DIC. In this study we also investigated the ability of heparin and aspirin to block the thromboplastic activity and thrombocytopenia subsequent to AF infusion. In animals, heparin prophylaxis before infusion of AF prevented thrombocytopenia, whereas aspirin prophylaxis did not. Heparin prophylaxis may be useful in the management of coagulation defects associated with AFE and labor.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Fatal amniotic fluid embolism during legally induced abortion, United States, 1972 to 1978.

Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) has emerged as an important cause of death from legally induced abortion. In the period 1972-1978, 12 probably and three autopsy-confirmed cases of fatal AFE during legally induced abortion were identified in the United States (12% of all deaths from legal abortion). Fourteen deaths from AFE were associated with labor-inducing techniques, and one with hysterotomy. The risk of death appears to be related to gestational age: the death-to-case rate for AFE increases progressively from nil at less than or equal to 12 weeks' gestation to 7.2 deaths per 100,000 abortions at greater than or equal to 21 weeks' gestation. Because treatment is frequently ineffective, prevention of AFE is critical. Performing abortions early in pregnancy and using curettage techniques whenever feasible should reduce the risk of death from this obstetric accident during legally induced abortion.

Abortion, Legal↗