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PubMedDate not supplied

Indirect immunofluorescence--a method for diagnosis of autoimmune endocrine diseases, by putting in evidence serum auto-antibodies.

Used indirect immunofluorescence to put in evidence different types of auto-antibodies, involved in the etiopathogenesis of endocrine autoimmune diseases--thyroid auto-antibodies, anti-sperm antibodies, determined in the serum of both partners of the infertile couples, with infertility of unknown cause, ovary auto-antibodies, in early menopause cases. Besides the establish of a precise etiological diagnosis, this method offers the possibility to localize the auto-antibodies in the tissue and/or in the cells and also the chance to identify some types of auto-antibodies. In the case of thyroid auto-antibodies--antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies, in the case of anti-sperm antibodies--anti-head, anti-intermediary piece, anti-acrosomal or anti-tail and anti-ovary antibodies--anti-oocyte, anti tecca granulosa or anti internal tecca.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1994

Detection of vasopressin cell antibodies in some patients with autoimmune endocrine diseases without overt diabetes insipidus.

OBJECTIVE: Cytoplasmic autoantibodies to vasopressin cells (AVP) have been detected in patients with idiopathic central diabetes insipidus and only in one patient with endocrine autoimmune diseases without clinical diabetes insipidus. The aim of this study was to look for AVP cell antibodies (AVP-cell-Ab) in human sera of a large population of autoimmune endocrine disease patients without diabetes insipidus and to test whether an occurrence of these antibodies in some patients can be associated with partial impairment of posterior pituitary function. MEASUREMENT: Sera from 410 patients (310 females, 100 males, age range 10-46 years) with autoimmune endocrine disorders (260 with thyroid autoimmune disease, and 150 with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus) without clinical diabetes insipidus, and from 100 normal subjects, were investigated for hypothalamic autoantibodies by an indirect immunofluorescence method. Positive sera were subsequently tested with specific rabbit anti AVP serum. RESULTS: None of controls, but five out of 410 patients (1.2%) were AVP-cell-Ab positive. All positive and nine negative from the 410 screened patients were tested for posterior pituitary function. Two out of five AVP-cell-Ab positive patients showed partial diabetes insipidus. CONCLUSION: AVP cell antibodies can be shown in some patients with endocrine autoimmune disease without diabetes insipidus and can sometimes be associated with findings of partial posterior pituitary dysfunction. This suggests that clinical diabetes insipidus could be preceded by a long subclinical period characterized only by the occurrence of AVP-cell-Ab in the sera associated or followed by alterations in functional tests. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Potentialities of new radiation technologies (ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging) in the diagnosis of endocrine diseases].

In the paper providing the data available in the literature and many years' experience gained by the Department of the Moscow Regional Clinical Research Institute, the authors describe the potentialities of the currently available radiation techniques in the diagnosis of surgical endocrine diseases. The incidence of various organ dysfunctions is presented. The authors also consider the introscopic symptoms of various endocrinopathies and outline the common specific features of the ultrasound, computed tomographic, and magnetic resonance imaging pattern of individual masses (including adipose tissue cysts and tumors). Emphasis is laid on the leading role of ultrasonography (USG) in the diagnosis of thyroid and parathyroid diseases and on the priorities of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in visualIzing the abnormal thymus, mediastinally ectopic glands, and pituitary tumors. The capacities of each technique in the diagnosis of endocrine space lesions of the pancreas and adrenals are defined. The increase in the frequency of endocrine abnormalities accidentally identified at USG, CT, and MRI, which is noted in the paper, fosters the development of new trends in endocrinology and points to the need for screening surveys (particularly patients who live in poor environmental areas).

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1983

[Possibilities and value of immunofluorescence in the diagnosis of endocrine diseases].

The indirect immunofluorescence (IFL) test is the method of choice for the detection of new organ-specific autoantibodies. It is also the standard method of detection of antibodies to pancreatic islet cells, adrenal cortex, and steroid-producing cells in gonads and placenta. A positive test is the essential diagnostic step to find out the etiology of some endocrine diseases, but the significance of this method varies in different organs. There is as yet no substitute for the IFL test in the determination of single cell antibodies within organs e.g. antibodies to endocrine cells of the pituitary and the gut. In some clinical situations it is advisable to look for the complement-fixing ability of cytoplasmic autoantibodies using the CF-IFL test and for scientific investigation the IFL test can be applied when looking for antigens on the surface of cells in suspension or culture.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1998

[Membrane receptors and their enzymatic mechanisms of action. Associated endocrine diseases].

The cell, as a functional unit of a living individual, has the capacity to recognize signals from the extracellular compartment and to respond to these signals in a specific, precise and characteristic way. This review analyzes some membrane receptor mediated processes, characterized by a complex chain of events from the external signal to the induction of specific genes. Additionally, some endocrine diseases associated with molecular defects in some of these stages are analyzed.

Endocrine System Diseases↗
PubMed1997

[Ethical recommendations for the genetic screening of hereditary endocrine diseases].

Predisposition to inherited diseases has been extensively studied over the last few years. Genetic studies have created a major concern about the psychological and ethical impact of risk evaluation in predisposed families. A significant number of inherited endocrine diseases are late-onset diseases and genetic risk assessment using molecular genetics leads to more accurate clinical and therapeutic follow-up of gene carriers. We describe minimal recommendations which could be associated to the official French laws published in July 1994 and analyze their concrete applications in clinical and genetic follow-up of patients and kindreds defined as gene carriers in predisposed families.

Bioethics↗
PubMed2006

[HLA and endocrine diseases susceptibility in Georgian population].

A total of 137 patients from the Georgian population were examined, among them: I group--30 patients with diabetes mellitus type I, II group--64 patients with hyperthyroidism of Grave's disease and III group--43 patients with Cushing's disease. Antigens of A, B, C and D loci of the HLA system were determined in all patients. HLA DR 3 was determined in 43% patients with diabetes mellitus type 1. The relative risk (RR) in carriers of this antigen was 2,7 and HLA DR 4 in 47% patients of the same group with RR--4.7. In the group with Grave's disease HLA DR 3 was determined in 54% of patients, RR in carriers of this antigen was 4.4. In patients with Cushing's disease was determined HLA DR 3 and HLA DR 4 antigens with RR 3.7. At the same time decrease in the frequency of HLA DR 2 antigen was found in all groups of patients. The authors discussed the problem of the predisposing role of HLA DR 3 and DR 4 antigens in the development of these endocrine diseases in Georgian population and the "protective" role of the HLA DR 2 antigen.

Endocrine System Diseases↗