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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Exploratory behavior in rats following bilateral lesions of the anterodorsal caudate nuclei.

9 rats received bilateral lesions to the anterodorsal caudate nuclei and 9 rats underwent sham operation procedures. After recovery the subjects were observed in an apparatus allowing access to familiar or novel stimuli. The caudotomized rats spent a significantly greater proportion of time exploring the novel stimuli. The results were not consistent with the suggestions that following damage to the caudate nucleus animals were unresponsive to novelty, however, they did support earlier findings implicating the caudate nucleus in learning and memory processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Influence of interleukin-1beta on exploratory behaviors, plasma ACTH, corticosterone, and central biogenic amines in mice.

Systemic administration of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) promoted behavioral changes in an open-field exploratory test. In particular, while the cytokine suppressed locomotor activities, these behaviors were not particularly sensitive to dosage differences. In contrast, dose-dependent biphasic variations that varied over time were evident with respect to the exploration of a novel container. Within this paradigm, the behavioral changes did not appear to be related to neophobia. In addition, despite the marked effects of IL-1beta on exploratory and locomotor behaviors, habituation/exploration in a free-running spontaneous alternation task was unaffected by the cytokine. In addition to the behavioral variations, IL-1beta dose-dependently increased plasma ACTH and corticosterone concentrations, and also induced several central monoamine alterations. In particular, IL-1beta increased the utilization of norepinephrine (NE) within the paraventricular nucleus, arcuate nucleus/median eminence, locus coeruleus, and prefrontal cortex, while the turnover of dopamine (DA) was evident in the arcuate nucleus/median eminence. It is suggested that although systemic IL-1beta treatment induces some stress-like effects, the profile of central neurochemical changes induced by the cytokine can be distinguished from psychological or processive types of stressors.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1989

Exploratory behavior and the dual activity of some psychoactive drugs. Part 5. Alcohol.

Alcohol is reported to impair acquisition and learning processes and it is considered a depressant of the brain activities impairing rapidity and consistency of some behaviors. The experiments reported here are concerned with the exploratory performances of the already described subpopulations of Albino mice under the effect of alcohols of different types.

Alcoholic Beverages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term effects of developmental exposure to zidovudine on exploratory behavior and novelty discrimination in CD-1 mice.

Long-term changes in exploratory, social and agonistic behavior have been reported in rodents following developmental exposure to zidovudine (AZT), an agent commonly administered to pregnant seropositive women and their neonates to prevent HIV-1 transmission. The present study evaluates the effects of either prenatal or prolonged AZT treatment on spatial and nonspatial novelty discrimination in mice, using an open-field test with four objects, in which responses to both spatial rearrangement of familiar objects and object novelty are assessed. AZT (160 mg/kg) or Saline was given orally twice daily to pregnant mice from gestational days (GD) 10 to 19 (Experiment 1) or from GD 10 to lactation day 10 (Experiment 2). Offspring of both sexes were tested on postnatal day (PND) 28, 45 or 70. Depending on treatment schedule, AZT altered different behavioral responses, males being more affected than females. The prenatal treatment (Experiment 1) reduced exploration of the objects at all ages considered and increased wall and top rearing at ages 45 and 70. Following prolonged treatment (Experiment 2), AZT offspring were markedly more active than controls and displayed more wall rearing at age 70 while showing lower grooming frequency at all ages. Both AZT and control mice failed to respond to object rearrangement at adulthood, a discrepancy from previous data, which is discussed in relation to perinatal stress effects.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1996

Perinatal cocaine reduces responsiveness to cocaine and causes alterations in exploratory behavior and visual discrimination in young-adult rats.

Lister hooded female rats were exposed to either saline or cocaine (20 mg/kg s.c.) from gestational day 10 every other day until weaning (postnatal day 25). The effects of maternal cocaine exposure on novelty-induced exploration and on spontaneous and cocaine-induced motor activity were evaluated in young-adult male offspring (4 weeks after weaning). Rats exposed to cocaine during development spent less time exploring two novel objects. Lack of habituation upon the second presentation of the objects and failure in the ability to discriminate between the novel and familiar object were also found in cocaine exposed offspring. Moreover, maternal cocaine treatment did not affect spontaneous motor activity (active time, average speed and rearing) in rats subjected to an open field test. Furthermore, perinatal exposure to cocaine significantly attenuated acute cocaine (15 mg/kg i.p.)-induced hyperactivity. These data indicate that developmental exposure to cocaine, at dose levels below those producing gross malformations and/or overt signs of neurotoxicity, causes behavioral changes characterized by an altered responsiveness to environmental and pharmacological challenges.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Non-adrenergic exploratory behavior induced by moxonidine at mildly hypotensive doses.

Moxonidine is a centrally-active imidazoline compound with preferential affinity for imidazoline receptors (IR) over alpha(2)-adrenoceptors (alpha(2)AR). Clinically, moxonidine has proven advantageous for treating hypertension over pure alpha(2)-adrenergic agonists (i.e., guanabenz) due to its lowered incidence of sedative side effects. The present experiments reveal divergent behavioral effects of low doses of moxonidine and guanabenz in C57Bl/6 mice in an exploratory arena. Low-dose moxonidine (0.05 mg kg(-1) i.p.) elicited an increase in novel object contacts (+36%) and more movement into central space (+56%; P<0.01) compared to saline-injected controls; whereas guanabenz induced only dose-responsive sedative-like behaviors in the same paradigm. Yet, the two agonists were indistinguishable in terms of blood pressure changes over a similar dose range (0.025-0.1 mg kg(-1) i.p.) in consciously free-moving mice (Delta mean+/-S.E.M.=-12.3+/-3.2 mm Hg for moxonidine versus -13.5+/-1.9 mm Hg for guanabenz). As expected of alpha(2)AR involvement, the sedative-like effects of guanabenz were completely blocked by pretreatment with the non-imidazoline alpha(2)AR-antagonist, SKF86466 (0.5 or 1.0 mg kg(-1) i.p.). However, the pro-exploratory effects of low doses of moxonidine (0.05 or 0.1 mg kg(-1)) were not antagonized by SKF86466. These results suggest that moxonidine acts preferentially through a non-adrenergic mechanism, possibly IR-mediated, to elicit pro-exploratory behavior.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed2001

Modulation of exploratory behavior in mice during activation of cell immune response.

We revealed a modulating effect of cell immune response on exploratory activity of (CBA degrees C57Bl/6)F1 mice depending on their initial behavioral profile. The formation of BCG-induced delayed-type hypersensitivity was accompanied by stimulation of the exploratory behavior in animals with initially low or intermediate activity, but did not change this parameter in behaviorally active mice.

Animals↗