The federal fetal experimentation regulations: an establishment clause analysis.
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Abortion, Induced↗
SEARCH · PubMed Health
Results for “Federated analysis”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
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Antimicrobial susceptibility of hazard analysis critical control point Escherichia coli isolates from federally inspected beef processing plants in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Ontario.
A survey to estimate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli was conducted in 7 Canadian federally inspected processing plants during 2001. Escherichia coli isolates were recovered during routine hazard analysis critical control point sampling from beef carcasses and trim and subsequently tested for their antimicrobial susceptibility by using susceptibility panels. Of the 2653 isolates analyzed, 68% were sensitive to all 18 antimicrobials tested. For 14 of the 18 antimicrobials evaluated, the percentage of resistant isolates was < or = 1. Twenty-five percent of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline, 9% to sulfamethoxazole, 7% to streptomycin, and 3% to ampicillin. Multiple resistance was found in 12% of the isolates, with 7% showing resistance to 2 antimicrobials, 2% to 3 antimicrobials, 2% to 4 antimicrobials, and 1% to 5 or more antimicrobials. Forty-five different antimicrobial resistance patterns were observed. The reasons for the development of the antimicrobial resistance were not investigated in this study. This study was useful as a pilot to help to develop a national antimicrobial resistance surveillance program in Canada. This study indicates that laboratory standardization is possible for consistent results across the country and that the indicator organism, E. coli, is fairly easy to obtain for surveillance but Salmonella are not, due to their low prevalence in beef.
Alberta↗
Employment policy and labor supply of foreign workers in the Federal Republic of Germany: a theoretical and empirical analysis.
"This study is an attempt to investigate the economic determinants of international immigration and remigration into and out of the Federal Republic of Germany. Moreover, employment policy measures with respect to foreign workers are described and their impact on the inflow and outflow of guest workers [is] analyzed." The author notes that the ability of the government to influence migration flows through legislation is limited because of the free movement of labor within the Common Market countries. It is suggested that in-migration of foreign labor slows wage increases for the native worker, may retard rationalization, and increases the social costs of unemployment, particularly during periods of recession.
Demography↗
[Treatment of topics concerning the aged in the German federal parliament 1976-1983].
An analysis of statements concerning old age by members of the German federal parliament from 1976 to 1983 was undertaken on the basis of parliamantary records. It was found that there was no difference between the average of all members and those speaking about old age with regard to political orientation, sex, and age. None of the oldest members spoke about the problems of the old population group. Results of gerontological research were discussed in parliament but mostly the debates were concerned with financial arguments and unemployment policy. In general there was no reinforcement of negative stereotypes towards the aged by politicians.
Aged↗
Creation of a model of independence for community-dwelling elders in the United States.
BACKGROUND: A goal of many public policies in support of older Americans is independence, but the meaning of independence in the context of community-dwelling elders is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To create a preliminary conceptual model of independence for older, community-dwelling Americans. METHODS: Exploratory factor analysis was used during secondary analysis of a federal dataset, the Second Supplement on Aging (N = 9,447). After preparation of the dataset, 51 variables were selected for possible submission to factor analysis. Initial item reduction resulted in 21 variables for factor structure development. RESULTS: Three factors for a preliminary conceptual model of independence were identified: physical function, social ability, and physical health. Physical function, explaining 29.5% of the variance, included variables related to elders' ability to function in everyday life, such as how well they function in their homes. Social ability variables included items related to social activities, education, driving, and leaving the house, and accounted for 8.6% of the variance. Physical health explained 6.1% of the variance and included variables related to visits to the doctor, prescription drug use, and number of days spent in bed during the past year. DISCUSSION: Findings suggest the importance of physical function for independence and the importance of a physical environment that supports various levels of physical function. Social ability plays a role in independence and may require adequate physical function, financial and material resources, and social support. Physical health may be a component of physical function or reflect access to healthcare. Future studies using primary data are indicated for further development of the concept of independence in the context of community-dwelling elders in the United States. A conceptual model of independence will guide nurses in their assessments of and interventions for older, community-dwelling adults and will help policymakers prioritize spending for programs that have independence as a goal.
Activities of Daily Living↗
Federal funding for aging education and research: a decade analysis.
Support for gerontological education and research is analyzed from 1976 through 1986 for five federal agencies: the Administration on Aging, the Bureau of Health Professions, the National Institute on Aging, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the Veterans Administration. It was determined that total federal allocations varied greatly between the social/behavioral and biomedical components of the aging field, with biomedical education and research receiving an increasingly larger percentage of support.
Financing, Government↗
The U.S. federal framework for research on endocrine disruptors and an analysis of research programs supported during fiscal year 1996.
The potential health and ecological effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals has become a high visibility environmental issue. The 1990s have witnessed a growing concern, both on the part of the scientific community and the public, that environmental chemicals may be causing widespread effects in humans and in a variety of fish and wildlife species. This growing concern led the Committee on the Environment and Natural Resources (CENR) of the National Science and Technology Council to identify the endocrine disruptor issue as a major research initiative in early 1995 and subsequently establish an ad hoc Working Group on Endocrine Disruptors. The objectives of the working group are to 1) develop a planning framework for federal research related to human and ecological health effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals; 2) conduct an inventory of ongoing federal research programs; and 3) identify research gaps and develop a coordinated interagency plan to address priority research needs. This communication summarizes the activities of the federal government in defining a common framework for planning an endocrine disruptor research program and in assessing the status of the current effort. After developing the research framework and compiling an inventory of active research projects supported by the federal government in fiscal year 1996, the CENR working group evaluated the current federal effort by comparing the ongoing activities with the research needs identified in the framework. The analysis showed that the federal government supports considerable research on human health effects, ecological effects, and exposure assessment, with a predominance of activity occurring under human health effects. The analysis also indicates that studies on reproductive development and carcinogenesis are more prevalent than studies on neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity, that mammals (mostly laboratory animals) are the main species under study, and that chlorinated dibenzodioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls are the most commonly studied chemical classes. Comparison of the inventory with the research needs should allow identification of underrepresented research areas in need of attention.
Endocrine Glands↗
Basic package of health entitlements and solidarity in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The aim of this report is to provide an overview of the methodology for designing a basic package of health entitlements and solidarity in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina which will, respecting the principles of solidarity and equity, guarantee equal rights to all citizens of the Federation. After the analysis of the situation, we specified the reasons for the reform, listed the objectives, and described the basis of the basic package design, the establishment of federal solidarity, and the plan of realization. We discussed the background ethical theories of our policy choice, explicitly stated the normative and technical criteria for priority setting, and deliberated Federal financing solidarity policy and allocation methodology, as well as criteria for "risk equalization" among cantons.
Bosnia and Herzegovina↗
Post blocking gone too far! Recovery of information and spatial analysis in field experiments.
Federer (1998, Biometrics 54, 471-481) presents two analyses of field data in which high-order polynomials are fitted as random regressions to remove spatial variation. We challenge the justification of this approach and suggest some alternatives.
Animals↗
Australian Federal Police seizures of illicit crystalline methamphetamine ('ice') 1998-2002: impurity analysis.
Nineteen crystalline methamphetamine ('ice') seizures captured by the Australian Federal Police (AFP) at the Australian border between 1998 and 2002 were analysed. Using a modified gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) impurity profiling approach of these samples we have identified >30 compounds associated with methamphetamine and/or its synthetic route. Major impurities detected include 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenylaziridine 8, dimethylamphetamine 14, N-formylmethamphetamine 24, N-acetylmethamphetamine 25, 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenylnaphthalene 32, 1-benzyl-3-methylnaphthalene 33 and methamphetamine dimer 34. These data are suggestive of ephedrine/pseudoephedrine as the main precursor of the 'ice' samples seized during 1998-2002. Additionally the two naphthalenes 32 and 33 further identified that 15 items in 9 seizures were produced via the more specific ephedrine/hydriodic acid/red phosphorus method. One sample comprised 75% dimethylamphetamine and 9.7% methamphetamine, representing the first Australian seizure of imported dimethylamphetamine reported.
Journal Article↗
The Biobank Rare Variant consortium powers the discovery of rare genetic associations through global collaboration.
Rare coding variants can have large effects on disease risk and provide direct routes from human genetics to disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets, but their discovery is constrained by sample size, particularly for low-prevalence diseases. Here we establish the Biobank Rare Variant Analysis (BRaVa) consortium, a global rare variant association resource that integrates sequencing and linked health-record data from ten biobanks and cohorts comprising over 1.2 million individuals across diverse ancestries. We performed gene-based meta-analyses of rare coding variation across 33 clinical endpoints and 11 quantitative traits. Aggregating evidence across biobanks and ancestries identified 514 gene-trait associations, including 31 not previously reported in prior studies or curated association resources following systematic literature review. Notably, 36.1% of gene-level associations were undetectable in any individual biobank, and 91 emerged only through cross-ancestry meta-analysis, demonstrating that federated integration enables discovery beyond the reach of single cohorts. Similar gains were observed at the variant level, where 25.0% of phenotype-locus associations were detectable only through meta-analysis. Effect size estimates were correlated across ancestries with concordant directions of effect, supporting the generalizability of rare variant associations. The identified signals implicate pathways involved in transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, metabolism, vascular and epithelial biology, and immune function, highlighting rare coding variation as an engine for biological discovery across medical record phenotypes. For example, damaging variation in ANKRD12 implicates inflammatory transcriptional dysregulation in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and ultra-rare predicted loss-of-function variants in NAA15 link protein acetylation processes to type 2 diabetes risk. BRaVa establishes a scalable framework and freely available community resource for rare variant meta-analysis across global biobanks. Public release of gene- and variant-level association summary statistics provides a reference map of rare coding variant associations to support disease gene discovery, biological interpretation, and therapeutic target prioritization as sequencing-linked health-record resources continue to expand.
Journal Article↗
[Retrospective analysis of permanent disability among retired workers at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais from 1966 to 1999].
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to conduct a retrospective analysis of all retirement cases from permanent disability (related or not to work) of the staff members at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), from 1966 to 1999. METHODS: a historical series analyses to observational study was done. The considered variables included age, gender, diagnosis, occupation, date of disability leave and data of retirement. RESULTS: It was evidenced from the 355 analysed cases, large variability in the yearly distribution, with minimum variability between the years of 1978/91 and maximum in 1999. From the total retirement cases, 56% were male and 44% female, with a mean age of 51 years. The most frequent diagnoses were schizophrenia (14%), arterial hypertension (13%) and back problems (9%). In relation to occupation, the mean rate of retirement for the teaching group (group 1) was 1.33/1000 workers/year and 1.86/1000 workers/year for the technical and general service workers (group 2). CONCLUSIONS: The findings from the present study associated with the population morbidity data will allow the Servi o de Aten o Sa de do Trabalhador (SAST/Pampulha/UFMG), to better promote health programs in the workplace.
Adult↗
A geographic analysis of counties without an active non-Federal physician, United States, 1963-71.
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Adolescent↗
A new pentaplex PCR system for forensic casework analysis.
In 1998 the Federal Criminal Police Office of Germany (BKA) established a central genetic database of offenders and suspects to facilitate comparisons with biological samples from future criminal offences. The five obligatory short tandem repeat (STR) loci in this database (TH01, SE33, vWA, FGA and D21S11) were co-amplified in a new PCR pentaplex analysing system together with the sex-specific locus amelogenin. Due to overlapping fragment sizes, amplification products were fluorescent dye-labelled with different colours, separated by electrophoresis and detected directly using the ABI PRISM 310 Genetic Analyzer. Reproducible and reliable results were obtained from as low as 125 pg template DNA, indicating high specificity and sensitivity of the assay. Environmental studies and enzymatic digest with DNase I revealed an excellent stability of the pentaplex system with typeable results even in cases of partially degraded DNA. Complete and reproducible DNA typing was possible in blood-stain mixtures with the minor component as low as 10%. Mean stutter peak intensities were analysed for all loci and ranged from 2.7 +/- 0.8% (TH01) to 10.6 +/- 1.6% (vWA) of the main signal intensity. Allele frequencies were determined in a North Bavarian population sample (n = 121). The combination of five systems resulted in a mean exclusion chance of 99.86% and a power of discrimination of 99.999996%. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium could be found.
Alleles↗
[Appendicitis mortality in the Federal Republic of Germany 1952-1979. Trend analysis and age curves].
Evaluation of age- and sex-specific mortality from 1952 to 1979 shows a decreasing trend in most age groups since the beginning of the observation period. This has become clearly pronounced since the beginning of the seventies. As a percentage reduction of mortality in the youngest group (less than 10 years) is highest and least in the oldest group. Females had a lower mortality from appendicitis at any time of all age groups than males, with the exception of 10- to 19-year-old girls in 1972/73 until 1978/79.
Adolescent↗
A statistical analysis of visibility-impairing particles in federal Class I areas.
It is widely agreed that visibility conditions in many Class I areas are impaired to some extent. This paper provides an estimate of the degree of impairment in many of the Class I areas with respect to each of the six haze-forming aerosol classes as described in the supporting documents to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regional Haze Rule. Analyses are performed comparing data from the Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments network to a modified version of the default natural conditions estimates from the Regional Haze Rule. Uncertainties in the measured annual mean concentrations and biases in the default natural condition estimates because of the effects of geography and meteorology are discussed. It is determined that all of the Class I areas in the contiguous 48 United States are significantly impaired with respect to sulfate aerosols, most of the Class I areas are significantly impaired with respect to nitrate and elemental carbon aerosols, and impairment with respect to organic mass, soil mass, and coarse mass is generally less discernable. No attempt is made to determine adverse impacts with respect to any specific source or group of sources.
Air Pollution↗
Prognosis value of plasma S100B protein levels after subarachnoid aneurysmal hemorrhage.
BACKGROUND: S100B has been described as a biologic marker of neuronal damage. The purpose of this study was to assess its prognostic value in patients with subarachnoid aneurysmal hemorrhage. METHODS: Seventy-four patients (32 men and 42 women; age, 48 +/- 11 yr) admitted within 48 h after subarachnoid hemorrhage onset and treated by surgical clipping or coiling within 2 days after admission were included. World Federation of Neurological Surgeons, Fisher, and Glasgow outcome scores at intensive care unit discharge and at 6 months were evaluated. Blood concentrations of S100B were determined at admission and daily up to day 8. RESULTS: The time course of S100B was increased in patients with high World Federation of Neurological Surgeons and Fisher scores. Patients who underwent surgical clipping had an S100B time course longer than that of those who underwent coiling. This difference remained true after stratification for World Federation of Neurological Surgeons and Fisher scores. The threshold of mean daily value of S100B predicting a poor outcome at 6 months was 0.4 microg/l (sensitivity = 0.50 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.29-0.71], specificity = 0.87[corrected] [95% CI, 0.76-0.95]). In multivariate analysis, high World Federation of Neurological Surgeons score (odds ratio = 9.5 [95% CI, 3.1-29.4]), mean daily S100B value above 0.4 microg/l (odds ratio = 7.3 [95% CI, 2.3-23.6]), and age (odds ratio = 1.08 per year [95% CI, 1.01-1.15]) were independent predictors of a poor 6-month outcome (Glasgow outcome score 1-3). CONCLUSION: Mean daily value of S100B assessed during the first 8 days is a prognostic tool complementary to initial clinical evaluation in subarachnoid hemorrhage patients.
Adult↗
[Health priorities. Analysis based on mortality statistics of Brasilia, Federal District (Brazil), 1977-1978].
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Adolescent↗