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PubMed1997

Nonreamed locking intramedullary nailing for open fractures of the tibia.

The use of nonreamed interlocking tibial nails in the management of open fractures of the tibial shaft has gained wide acceptance. This technique has been reported to have reproducible good results with a low incidence of complications in Type I, Type II, and Type IIIA open tibial shaft fractures. The use of nonreamed nails in Type IIIB fractures continues to be a source of controversy. The treatment of 72 open fractures of the tibial shaft with nonreamed interlocking intramedullary nailing is detailed. There were 27 Type I, 22 Type II, 11 Type IIIA, and 12 Type IIIB open tibial shaft fractures. There were three (4.2%) deep infections; one Type II, one Type IIIA, and one Type IIIB. Forty-nine fractures (68%) united by 6 months, all fractures had united by 12 months. The use of nonreamed locking intramedullary nailing in Types I, II, IIIA, and IIIB open fractures of the tibial shaft is supported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Locking intramedullary nailing with and without reaming for open fractures of the tibial shaft. A prospective, randomized study.

Ninety-one patients who had ninety-four open fractures of the tibial shaft were randomized into two treatment groups. Fifty fractures (nine type-I, eighteen type-II, sixteen type-IIIA, and seven type-IIIB fractures, according to the classification of Gustilo et al.) were treated with nailing after reaming, and forty-four fractures (five type-I, sixteen type-II, nineteen type-IIIA, and four type-IIIB fractures) were treated with nailing without reaming. The average diameter of the nail was 11.5 millimeters (range, nine to fourteen millimeters) in the group treated with reaming and 9.2 millimeters (range, eight to ten millimeters) in the group treated without reaming. Follow-up information was adequate for forty-five patients (forty-seven fractures) who had been managed with reaming and forty patients (forty-one fractures) who had been managed without reaming. No clinically important differences were found between the two groups with regard to the technical aspects of the procedure or the rate of early postoperative complications. The average time to union was thirty weeks (range, thirteen to seventy-two weeks) in the group treated with reaming and twenty-nine weeks (range, thirteen to fifty weeks) in the group treated without reaming. Four (9 per cent) of the fractures treated with reaming and five (12 per cent) of the fractures treated without reaming did not unite (p = 0.73). There were two infections in the group treated with reaming and one in the group treated without reaming. Significantly more screws broke in the group treated without reaming (twelve; 29 per cent) than in the group treated with reaming (four; 9 per cent) (p = 0.014). There was no difference between the two groups with regard to the frequency of broken nails (two nails that had been inserted after reaming broke, compared with one that had been inserted without reaming). The functional outcome, in terms of pain in the knee, range of motion, return to work, and recreational activity, did not differ significantly between the groups. We concluded that the clinical and radiographic results of nailing after reaming are similar to those of nailing without reaming for fixation of open fractures of the tibial shaft, although more screws broke when reaming had not been done.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Reimplantation of a contaminated and devitalized bone fragment after autoclaving in an open fracture.

This case report describes a technique for dealing with open fractures with segmental bone loss and a critical need for restoration of anatomical alignment. In the majority of cases, autogenous bone graft can and should be used successfully. Regardless of the treatment option chosen though, meticulous debridement and sound judgment in regards to wound care and bony stabilization remain the foundation to a successful outcome. Autoclaving a devitalized bone fragment with subsequent reimplantation as described in this case report, although not the procedure of choice, does offer the orthopaedist another option in dealing with the difficult segmental fracture.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

On the timing of soft-tissue reconstruction for open fractures of the lower leg.

The timing of soft-tissue reconstruction for severe open fractures of the lower leg is considered crucial to the later outcome, and yet pertinent publications are few. The purpose of this study was to add some based on evidence arguments for the choice of the most adequate timing in the management of these injuries. Twenty-nine consecutive open fractures of the tibia, including 24 grade 3B and 5 grade 3C fractures, were treated using a protocol of immediate debridement, early definitive skeletal stabilisation and early soft-tissue reconstruction. Fifteen lower legs were reconstructed after a mean delay of 4.4 days (range 1-9 days), while 14 lower legs were reconstructed immediately, i.e. as an emergency procedure on the day of admission. Both groups were comparable for sex, age, type of trauma, associated general injuries, type of fracture, associated arterial lesion, associated tendon rupture, type of soft-tissue reconstruction and duration of follow-up. All patients were reviewed at a mean follow-up of 47 months (range 15-89 months). In the delayed reconstruction group the time to full, unprotected weight-bearing (P = 0.0021), the time to definitive union (P = 0.0049), the number of reoperations (P = 0.0001) and the infection rate (P = 0.0374) were significantly higher. The data suggest that immediate reconstruction is, the general condition of the patient permitting, the timing of choice for soft-tissue coverage.

Adolescent↗