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Results for “GINGIVAL HYPERPLASIA”

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PubMed1980

Treatment of phenytoin-induced gingival hyperplasia by electrosurgery.

Many medications and combinations of medications are available for the control of epilepsy, but phenytoin continues to be the most effective agent for most patients. A common side effect of this drug is the development of moderate to severe gingival hyperplasia in tooth-bearing areas, which can contribute to problems of function, oral hygiene, appearance, and, eventually, loss of teeth. Excision by conventional means is technically difficult, time-consuming, may be associated with considerable loss of blood, and requires postoperative care, such as periodontal packing, that is impractical if not impossible for many patients, especially the severely mentally handicapped. We have described a technique of gingivectomy using an electrosurgical device in the hospital with the patient under general anesthesia that has produced good results for more than 15 years. This procedure has virtually eliminated the problems of conventional surgical excision with little or no postoperative sequelae.

Connective Tissue↗
PubMed2003

Severe gingival hyperplasia in a child with I-cell disease.

I-cell disease (mucolipidosis II) is a rare metabolic disorder resulting from the deficiency of a specific lysosomal enzyme, N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferease. The disease presents as a mental and motor developmental delay with oral manifestations that include severe gingival hyperplasia usually seen before one year of age. The life expectancy of children with this condition is poor, with death usually occurring around the fifth year. A case report of a 3-year-old Pakistani male, with I-cell disease, is presented. The chief dental concerns of the parents were his swollen gums and delayed tooth eruption. Supportive treatment only was initiated. Differential diagnosis for severe gingival overgrowth in young patients should take account of this rare metabolic disorder in addition to hereditary and idiopathic fibromatosis and drug associated gingival overgrowth.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2005

Cyclosporin A-induced gingival hyperplasia in psoriasis: review of the literature and case reports.

Cyslosporin A (CyA) treatment of psoriasis is warranted in severe cases where other, conventional antipsoriatic approaches have failed. Gingival hyperplasia is a rare side effect of cyclosporin A treatment in psoriasis patients. Previous studies in cyclosporin A-treated patients (mostly transplant recipients) have demonstrated correlation between cyclosporin A serum levels and oral hygiene status on the one hand, and the prevalence and severity of this overgrowth on the other hand. Severe cases of gingival overgrowth may call for radical treatments such as periodontal surgery. Our aim was to present a severe form of cyclosporin A-induced hyperplasia in two female patients and to give an overview of the current literature on the issue. High serum levels of cyclosporin A were observed in both patients. Moreover, high initial plaque accumulation was noted in both patients. Upon cessation of drug administration and a combined periodontal treatment, virtually complete reduction of the gingival enlargement and inflammation was observed. Consequently, early diagnosis and an all-inclusive treatment of cyclosporin A-induced hyperplasia can result in virtually complete remission of the symptoms and eliminate the need of aggressive treatments such as periodontal surgery.

Cyclosporine↗
PubMed2002

A Sweet-like syndrome manifesting as gingival hyperplasia and myositis without cutaneous involvement.

Sweet's syndrome or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, characterized by fever, neutrophilia, and focal infiltration of the dermis was originally described after episodes of infection. It is also known to occur in acute myeloid leukemia. A patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML M3) developed gingival hyperplasia and muscle swelling and tenderness after starting treatment with all- trans retinoic acid. Microscopic examination showed neutrophilic infiltrate. All cultures were sterile. The lesions did not respond to cytotoxic therapy and continued to persist even after achievement of remission. The response was seen only after prednisolone was started. This case highlights the fact that a Sweet-like syndrome can occur without the characteristic cutaneous lesions and in such situations there can be considerable diagnostic and therapeutic difficulty.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Gingival hyperplasia in renal transplants treated with cyclosporin].

Cyclosporine is a Metabolita produced by the Topocladium inflamatum fungus. This substance produces an immunosuppression of the selective type, which has been responsible for the increased use of this drug for immunological caused pathologies, especially in organ transplants to inhibit body rejection. One of its secondary characteristics or effects is gingival hyperplasia (in 30 por 100 of the cases noted) an effect which generally occurs on the level or in the area of the dental papilla. An anatomopathological study of these tissues shows an increase in collagens along with a large infiltration of plasmatic cells in different states of maturity. In this article, two cases of renal transplants using cyclosporine were monitored to evaluate its effect in any on the gingival tissues.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Gingival hyperplasia secondary to the use of calcium antagonists: analysis].

Calcium antagonists are drugs restricting transmembrane calcium delivery. They possess a wide range of action against vasoconstriction and spastic reactions and were therefore initially recommended for the treatment of angina pectoris. With the increasing number and classes of calcium antagonists new therapeutic indications have emerged. Cases of gingival hyperplasia associated with their use are repeatedly reported, therefore the question deserves to be restated. The aim of the present study was to discuss the clinical, pathologic and pathogenetic features bases on an investigation carried out in a Department of Cardiology, on a case observation and on review of published cases in the international literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Gingival hyperplasia caused by nifedipine. Histopathologic findings.

Thirty-four cardiac patients, treated with nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia) during a period of 1 year or more, developed slight to severe gingival epithelial hyperplasia, and five cases presented nodular overgrowth of the gingiva. In terms of histopathologic and clinical morphology, nifedipine-induced gingival hyperplasia is similar to that known to be caused by phenytoin (Dilantin). Both drugs have the ability to alter calcium metabolism. We believe that the hyperplastic condition is related to calcium imbalance.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Julia Pastrana, the nondescript: an example of congenital, generalized hypertrichosis terminalis with gingival hyperplasia.

Julia Pastrana (1834-1860) has gained immortality as one of the most extreme cases of generalized hypertrichosis upon record. When she was exhibited for money in the United States and Europe during the years 1855-1860, people thronged to see her, and she was several times described in the medical press of the day. After Julia Pastrana's death in childbirth, her corpse was embalmed in a very life-like manner, and exhibited all over Europe for several decades. Later, the mummy was believed to be lost, but in 1990 it was discovered at the Oslo Forensic Institute. Some writers have included Julia Pastrana among the cases of congenital hypertrichosis languinosa. However, a microscopic examination of hair samples from the mummy shows that her hairy growth is unmistakably terminal in character, and we propose that she instead was an example of congenital, generalized hypertrichosis terminalis with associated gingival hyperplasia. While many earlier writers have asserted that Julia Pastrana's dentition was abnormal, a radiographic examination of the mummy has shown that she had a complete permanent dentition.

Face↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical aspects of gingival hyperplasia].

This paper demonstrates the clinical variety of gingival enlargement. An increase of the number of individuals who suffer from local or general enlargement caused by microbial gingival inflammation or different drugs can be demonstrated. All imbalances of leukopoesis or homeostasis require particular diagnostic attention by dentists, because early diagnosis is decisive for patient prognosis.

Cyclosporins↗