Changes in the monkey outflow apparatus at graded levels of intraocular pressure: a qualitative analysis by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
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Animals↗
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Results for “Microscopy, Electron, Scanning”
Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.
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Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of the in vitro evagination process of Echinococcus multilocularis protoscolices.
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Animals↗
Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of Bathmostomum sangeri Cobbold, 1879, of elephants.
Bathmostomum sangeri is an intestinal parasite of the elephant. Males measured 12.15-14.25 mm in length; females measured 14.98-17.68 mm in length. Buccal capsule is well-developed and funnel-shaped. There is a raised and transverse fissure ridge around the oral margin. The internal wall of the buccal capsule is raised into a series of circular ridges or lamellae. Teeth or cutting plates could not be seen. Spicules are stout, wing-like structures. The telamon is pear-shaped, but a gibernaculum is not present. There are two pairs of papillae on the either side of the cloacal opening. The female tail is gradually tepering.
Ancylostomatoidea↗
A simple method for cellular identification of free cells by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
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Cytological Techniques↗
[Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies of the rabbit seminal vesicles].
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Animals↗
[Structure and ultrastructure of supernumerary midline teeth (mesiodens). Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy studies].
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Dental Cementum↗
A comparative study on application of Nd-YAG laser radiation and electrocautery in canine gastric mucosa--magnified observations by dissecting microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and histological examinations.
The mucosal change, the depth of injury and the healing process in the canine gastric wall after Nd-YAG laser (YAG) exposure and electrocautery were studied comparatively by magnified observations. The results were as follows: 1. Mucosal changes caused by the YAG laser beam were more localized within the exposure area than those by electric current. 2. The depth of tissue damage to the canine gastric wall by YAG laser exposure was easy to control when compared to that caused by electrocautery. 3. The healing time of the ulcer caused by the YAG laser was shorter than that caused by high frequency current. 4. In the present study on the mucosal changes due to laser exposure and electrocautery using endoscopy, dissecting microscopy and SEM, it was found that these examinations appear to be helpful as experimental procedures to clarify the detailed appearance of the mucosal surface. It was suggested that endoscopic application of the YAG laser to the gastrointestinal tract was safe and effective when compared with other procedures which have been applied endoscopically for diagnosis and treatment.
Animals↗
[A comparative study of the morphology of the Trypanosoma brucei brucei trypomastigote using photonic microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (author's transl)].
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Animals↗
Confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy of cerebellar glomeruli.
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Adult↗
Colloidal gold : a cytochemical marker for light and fluorescent microscopy and for transmission and scanning electron microscopy.
Gold sols are orange to violet, display electron dense properties and are capable of strong emission of secondary electrons. These properties enable gold particles to be used as specific markers in microscopy both at the low and high resolution level (light and fluorescent microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy). Monodisperse colloidal gold can be produced by several methods in a size range of 5 nm to 150 nm. As a consequence, the gold method is well suited for multiple marking experiment at the high resolution level. Since gold markers bind non-specifically to a very low extent, the technique has found application in TEM for marking intracellular components on thin sections. Both the one step and the two step marking procedures have been utilized in the various modes of microscopy. Under appropriate conditions, gold particles can be labelled with a variety of macromolecules (polysaccharides, glycoproteins, proteins, lectins, antibodies), presumably through a noncovalent binding process. Generally the probes acquire the specific activity of the adsorbed macromolecule and their stability upon storage is good. A number of factors which influence the adsorption process are discussed in relation to the more general problems of adsorption of macromolecules onto metallic surfaces. The stability of gold markers is also best understood by the DLVO theory for disperse systems. The preparation, labelling, stabilization, stability and binding characteristics of gold markers are reviewed. Since the binding of gold probes to cell surfaces is primarily determined by the size of the particle, several problems related to steric hindrance and quantification of the method are also discussed. The advantages of the method over others are compared. The different modes of microscopy and the several gold methods available for marking cell surface and intracellular components are illustrated by micrographs.
Adsorption↗
Atomic Force Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy Reveal Genome-dependent Ultrastructure of Seed Surface.
Both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact mode imaging via atomic force microscopy (AFM) have been utilized to elucidate the ultrastructure of mung bean seed surfaces. The results indicate: 1) that AFM is useful in the examination of seed surface ultrastructure ex-vaccuo without the need for additional complex preparative procedures; and 2) that both the cotyledon and seed coat of different strains of mung beans bear specific ultrastructural details unique to each strain. To our knowledge, these are the first AFM images of seed surfaces.
Journal Article↗
[Examination of gallstones on their surface and in fractured cross sections by incident light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (author's transl)].
Operatively removed gallstones were examined on their surfaces and in fractured cross sections by incident light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, micro-bore samples and X-ray crystallography were done. Five gallstone types consisting of three basic structural layers are differentiable by incident light microscopy. The three layers consist of a central nucleus which is always present, a radially structured middle layer, and a fine crystalline outer shell, the presence or absence of the latter two layers differentiating the stone types. Two crystal structures could be differentiated by electron microscopy; a flat and a globular type. The nucleus is always of the globular crystalline type, while the outer layers are flat crystalline. From this we were lead to believe that the conditions in vivo, under which the different layers of a gallstone are built, change. The micro-bore samples lead us to believe that calcium is only secondarily layed down in the gallstone framework. White crystalline deposits, which were formed several seconds after fracture, were discovered on the fractured gallstone cross sections.
Cholelithiasis↗
An endolithic microbial community in dolomite rock in central Switzerland: characterization by reflection spectroscopy, pigment analyses, scanning electron microscopy, and laser scanning microscopy.
A community of endolithic microorganisms dominated by phototrophs was found as a distinct band a few millimeters below the surface of bare exposed dolomite rocks in the Piora Valley in the Alps. Using in situ reflectance spectroscopy, we detected chlorophyll a (Chl a), phycobilins, carotenoids, and an unknown type of bacteriochlorophyll-like pigment absorbing in vivo at about 720 nm. In cross sections, the data indicated a defined distribution of different groups of organisms perpendicular to the rock surface. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses of pigments extracted with organic solvents confirmed the presence of two types of bacteriochlorophylls besides chlorophylls and various carotenoids. Spherical organisms of varying sizes and small filaments were observed in situ with scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy (one- and two-photon technique). The latter allowed visualization of the distribution of phototrophic microorganisms by the autofluorescence of their pigments within the rock. Coccoid cyanobacteria of various sizes predominated over filamentous ones. Application of fluorescence-labeled lectins demonstrated that most cyanobacteria were embedded in an exopolymeric matrix. Nucleic acid stains revealed a wide distribution of small heterotrophs. Some biological structures emitting a green autofluorescence remain to be identified.
Bacteria↗
Surface morphology and chemistry of Prunus laurocerasus L. leaves: a study using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry, atomic-force microscopy and scanning-electron microscopy.
The surface properties of the plant cuticle play a crucial role in plant-pathogen interactions and the retention and penetration of agriculturally important chemicals. This paper describes the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), tapping-mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine surface-specific chemical and material properties of the adaxial surface of Prunus laurocerasus L. leaves. XPS data, derived from the uppermost few nanometres (< 10 nm) of the leaf surface, were consistent with the wax components and functionality known to be present within the waxes. ToF-SIMS provided molecular speciation from the outermost monolayer of the leaf surface, indicating the importance of a family of acetates with chain lengths ranging from C20 to C34. The presence of alkanes with C29 and C31 chain lengths was also confirmed. SEM and TM-AFM topography images revealed a textured granular surface, while simultaneously recorded AFM phase images revealed heterogeneous material properties at the nanoscale. The relevance of these data to plant cuticle development, allelochemistry and agrochemical delivery is discussed.
Microscopy, Atomic Force↗
Rigid gas permeable contact lenses surface roughness examined by interferential shifting phase and scanning electron microscopies.
The anterior surface roughness of seven factory new rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses has been studied by interferential shifting phase microscopy (ISPM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Five lenses were fluorsilicone acrylate and two lenses were silicone acrylate. Their material Dk ranged from 14 to 210. ISPM is shown to be a reliable and non-destructive method to observe and measure the relief of the contact lens surface. Moreover, profile and contour data are easily stored for further quantitative studies. ISPM contour patterns of the studied lenses are qualitatively compared with those obtained by SEM for the same lenses. Results point out that ISPM gives similar accuracy but it is non-destructive and cheaper than SEM. Moreover, the quantitative study of surface roughness suggests that there is a relationship between surface roughness and Dk of the lens material: surface roughness increases with Dk and allows to distinguish between lenses with low, medium and high Dk.
Contact Lenses↗
Changes in the epithelium of the vaginal complex during the estrous cycle of the marsupial Monodelphis domestica. 2. Scanning electron microscopy study.
The four stages of the estrous cycle in Monodelphis domestica, namely proestrus, estrus, postestrus and the transitional metestrus, were analyzed with the scanning electron microscope and compared with the results of the previously published transmission electron-microscopic paper [Cells Tissues Organs 2002;172:276-296]. During the estrous cycle the vaginal epithelium undergoes dramatic changes from a nonkeratinized to a highly keratinized epithelium. The predominant feature of proestrus with the beginning of keratinization is the presence of polygonal flat cells with pavement-like appearance, bordered by raised ridges and covered with microvilli. The epithelium is fully keratinized in estrus, and the superficial layers overlap like shingles. Many cells are still densely covered by microvilli, whereas others develop a complex pattern of microridges. In postestrus different epithelial structures are revealed depending on the actual stage of desquamation. In early postestrus surface cells resemble those present during estrus. In late postestrus, when only few keratinized cells are left, the nonkeratinized cells become exposed to the lumen through desquamation. These cells border the lumen during metestrus, a cycle stage during which numerous leukocytes migrate into the vaginal canal. A number of these uppermost cells is probably not yet prepared to function as metestrus cells and are therefore sloughed off as well. During metestrus compact cell masses stick in the vaginal furrows. Epithelial surface cells are highly irregular and bulging with their microvilli covered surfaces in the vaginal lumen. This study represents the first comprehensive description of alterations on the surface ultrastructure of a marsupial vagina during the estrous cycle, demonstrating considerable differences in comparison to many eutherians.
Animals↗
Structure and composition of microcalcifications in benign and malignant lesions of the breast: study by light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, microprobe analysis, and X-ray diffraction.
Microcalcifications previously located by radiography were extracted from 25 fresh specimens obtained from patients who had undergone tumorectomy or systematized mammary exeresis. Two principal types of microcalcifications were distinguished: Type I microcalcifications were amber in color and generally crystalline on scanning electron microscopy, with only one calcium peak on microprobe analysis; x-ray diffraction revealed that weddellite was involved. Type II microcalcifications were whitish, nonbirefringent under polarized light, and generally ovoid or fusiform, with two peaks, one calcium and the other phosphorus, on microprobe analysis; these microcalcifications were composed of calcium phosphate, the most characteristic form of which is hydroxyapatite, in the form of needles arranged in rosettes on transmission electron microscopy. Type I microcalcifications were observed in four of eight benign breast lesions, in two of three in situ lobular carcinomas, and in no intraductal adenocarcinomas or infiltrating carcinomas. Type II microcalcifications were present in all infiltrating carcinomas and intraductal adenocarcinomas; they were also found in benign lesions (four of eight) and even associated with type I microcalcifications in one in situ lobular carcinoma. There are, therefore, no "benign" or "malignant" microcalcifications; however, the presence of weddellite is a strong indication that a lesion is benign or, at most, an in situ lobular carcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Phase-contrast microscopic studies using cinematographic techniques and scanning electron microscopy on IgE-mediated degranulation of cultured human mast cells.
BACKGROUND: Isolating human mast cells is a laborious procedure. Recently, cultured human mast cells raised from umbilical cord blood cells have become available. It is necessary to investigate whether IgE-mediated activation of these cells is mediated by exocytosis. OBJECTIVE: To verify IgE-mediated activation of these cultured human mast cells morphologically. METHODS: The mast cells were raised from human umbilical cord blood cells in the presence of stem cell factor and interleukin-6. IgE-sensitized cultured human mast cells were activated by anti-IgE, and morphological changes of the cells were examined under phase-contrast microscopy using cinematographic techniques and scanning electron microscopy. Histamine release from the cells was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Under the condition in which a significant histamine release was observed from the mast cells, phase-contrast microscopy showed that the cultured human mast cells became swollen and extruded granules. Scanning electron microscopy disclosed the extrusion of smooth and round bodies from pores formed on the activated mast cell surface. CONCLUSION: IgE-mediated histamine release from cultured human mast cells is accompanied by exocytosis morphologically, indicating that cultured human mast cells will help in studying the functional properties of human mast cells.
Cell Degranulation↗