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PubMed2007

Abnormalities on the neurological examination and EEG in young children with pervasive developmental disorders.

This study examined the nature and frequency of neurological and EEG abnormalities in 60 young children (ages 2-6 years) with pervasive developmental disorders. A number of standard neurological functions could not be adequately assessed due to the young age of the children and/or limited comprehension and cooperation. The most common neurological deficits were hyporeflexia, stereotypies, and hypotonia. EEG abnormalities were identified in 32% of the children while only two children were known to have clinical seizures. The frequency of cases with hypotonia or hyporeflexia was more common than in older children with this diagnosis. Results also indicate that EEG abnormalities are common in this young population but clinical seizures are rare, confirming other studies.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1981

Predictive value of neonatal neurological examination: a follow-up study at 18 months.

From a cohort of 1507 infants in the Perinatal Project at University Hospital, Groningen, 80 infants who had been neurologically abnormal in the neonatal period and 80 controls were neurologically re-examined at 18 months of age. Of the 80 abnormal infants, one had died at age three months and 13 other remained abnormal at 18 months, of whom five had severe neurological dysfunction. Two of the control infants had mild abnormalities at 18 months. The rate of false negative results was low, but there was a high rate of false positive results, indicating a high frequency of transient neonatal morbidity. This study demonstrates the sensitivity of the neonatal neurological examination in selecting newborn infants who are in special need of attention.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed2006

Concordance between Neurologic Screening Test and Neurologic Examination in newborns.

The aims of this study were to calculate concordance among results of the assessment of a population of neonates by using a screening version of neurologic assessment developed by our group with the Amiel-Tison examination, to evaluate distribution of the findings for each item in the studied population, and to develop an optimality score to aid in the detection of possible deviations in infants. Infants in this report include 107 infants born consecutively; they were mainly at-term infants, or preterm infants who, when reaching at-term corrected age, were suspected to be abnormal with a wide spectrum of complications. Newborns were tested by neurologic screening and neurologic examination. Agreement, correlations among tests, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated. Correlation among results from Neurological Screening and Neurological Examination was significant (rho = 0.759, p = 0.01), and Cronbach's alpha concordance had an acceptable value (0.83). Sensitivity and specificity of neurologic screening after Amiel-Tison examination comparison were 0.98 and 0.82, respectively. Our results support the use of the neurologic screening proposed.

Apgar Score↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The importance of neurological examinations in the age of the technological revolution].

INTRODUCTION: Neurologic practice and care have been modified in many important ways during the past ten years, to adapt to the explosion of new information and new technology. Students, residents and practicing physicians have been continuing programs to a model that focuses almost exclusively on the applications to neurologic disorders of the new knowledge obtained from biomedical research. On the other hand high demand for outpatient neurologic care prevents adequate patient's evaluation. CASE REPORTS: Case 1: 65 years old female. Occipital headache diagnosed of tensional origin (normal computerized tomography). Two months later is re-evaluated due to intractable pain and hypoglossal lesion. An amplified computerized tomography revealed a occipital condyle metastasis. Case 2: 21 years old female. Clinical suspicion of demyelinating disease due to repeated facial paresis and sensitive disorder. General exploration and computerized tomography revealed temporo-mandibular joint. Case 3: 60 years old female. Valuation of anticoagulant therapy due to repeated transient ischemic attacks. She suffered from peripheral facial palsy related to auditory cholesteatoma. CONCLUSIONS: Neurologic education is nowadays orientated to new technologies. On the other hand, excessive demand prevents adequate valuation and a minute exploration is substituted by complementary evaluations. These situations generate diagnostic mistakes or iatrogenic. It would be important a consideration of the neurologic education profiles and fulfillment of consultations time recommendations for outpatients care.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Pyritinol treatment of SDAT patients: evaluation by psychiatric and neurological examination, psychometric testing and rCBF measurements.

A group of 26 patients with the diagnosis of Senile Dementia of Alzheimer type (SDAT) was included by random assignment in a double-blind, cross-over trial of pyritinol versus placebo. The patients had a mild to moderate degree of dementia. Psychiatric and neurological examination, psychometric testing, and measurement of the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at rest and during mental activation were used to assess treatment effects. The results of the study showed that pyritinol was associated with a significant improvement in cognitive performance. RCBF data showed that treatment with pyritinol normalized the pattern of blood flow increase during activation and improved the score on the test used for activation.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Can neurologic examination predict type of detrusor sphincter-dyssynergia in patients with spinal cord injury?

OBJECTIVES: To assess the correlations in males with spinal cord injury (SCI) between the neurologic status and type of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) observed during urodynamic examinations and to evaluate the change in the DSD pattern over time. METHODS: A total of 105 male patients with chronic SCI were neurologically examined according to the American Spinal Cord Injury Association protocol and underwent video-urodynamic examinations. DSD observed during urodynamic studies was classified according to the Blaivas classification. To assess the stability of the DSD over time, patients who had been recently injured were clinically and urodynamically controlled after 1 year and thereafter. RESULTS: A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the DSD type and completeness or incompleteness of the SCI lesion. Patients with an incomplete sensory and motor SCI lesion presented with DSD type 1 compared with patients with complete sensory and motor SCI lesion, who had DSD type 2 to type 3. A correlation was also found between the American Spinal Cord Injury Association scores and the DSD type. No correlation was found between the DSD type and lesion level. At medium to long-term follow-up, a significant change was found in the DSD type. CONCLUSIONS: The neurologic status and DSD type after SCI showed significant correlations. Therefore, neurologic examination and determination of the DSD type might be helpful to complete the neurourologic diagnosis and to assist in confirming completeness of the lesion after acute injury. Because DSD seems to become aggravated with time, regular urodynamic follow-up examinations are mandatory in patients with DSD to adjust their treatment, if necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Neurological examination of the preterm and full-term infant at risk for developmental disabilities using the Dubowitz Neurological Assessment.

The Dubowitz Neurological Assessment of the Preterm and Full-term Infant was used to evaluate infants at risk for developmental disabilities. Criteria for categorising the results of the Dubowitz Neurological Assessment were developed by documenting the findings on a group of relatively low risk infants managed in a NICU. The criteria, expressed as a number of deviant responses on items in the assessment, were used to test the concurrent and predictive validity. The Dubowitz Neurological Assessment was found to correlate with a perinatal risk rating and the findings on brain ultrasonography, indicating concurrent validity. Predictive validity was demonstrated by correlation with neurodevelopmental outcome and neurological status at 1 year corrected age. The sensitivity and specificity of the assessment were also used to develop a management protocol for graduates of the NICU.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed2004

Neurological examination findings to predict limitations in mobility and falls in older persons without a history of neurological disease.

PURPOSE: To estimate the prevalence of neurological signs and their association with limitations in mobility and falls in a sample of older persons without known neurological disease. METHODS: A neurologist examined 818 participants from the InCHIANTI study who were aged > or =65 years and who did not have cognitive impairment, treatment with neuroleptics, and a history of neurological disease. Mobility was assessed as walking speed and self-reported ability to walk at least 1 km without difficulty. Participants were asked to report falls that had occurred in the previous 12 months. RESULTS: Less than 20% (160/818) of participants had no neurological signs. Neurological signs were more prevalent in older participants and those with impaired mobility. When all neurological signs were included in sex-and age-adjusted multivariate models, 10 were mutually independent correlates of poor mobility. After adjusting for age and sex, the number of neurological signs was associated with progressively slower walking speed (P <0.001), a higher probability of reported inability to walk 1 km (P <0.001), and a history of falls (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Neurological signs are independent correlates of limitations in mobility and falls in older persons who have no clear history of neurological disease.

Accidental Falls↗