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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Intralobar and extralobar bronchopulmonary sequestration complicated by Nocardia asteroides infection.

Pulmonary sequestration is a rare congenital or acquired pulmonary anomaly. Pulmonary sequestration may be classified as intralobar, located within normal lung, or extralobar, in which it is separated by pleura. The coexistence of both forms is extremely rare. Infection, mainly bacterial, is a major complication of sequestration. We report the case of a young man in whom a sequestration with both intralobar and extralobar components was complicated by Nocardia asteroides infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effect of cyclophosphamide on experimental Nocardia asteroides infection in mice.

It was found that cells of Nocardia asteroides GUH-2 (virulent) were approximately 10 times more virulent than cells of N. asteroides 14759 (intermediate) and greater that 500 times more virulent than N. asteroides 10905 (avirulent) cells when early-stationary-phase cultures suspended in saline were injected intravenously into "normal" mice. There appeared to be a specific organ tropism for each strain. Thus, N. asteroides GUH-2 infected primarily the kidneys, N. asteroides 14759 infected the lungs and heart, and N. asteroides 10905 (in large doses) infected the lungs. Cyclophosphamide treatment of the mice 72 h prior to infection dramatically increased host susceptibility to nocardial infection, especially to N. asteroides 14759. However, cyclophosphamide treatment did not significantly alter the organ specificity for each strain. Cyclophosphamide greatly enhanced the ability of the nocardial strain to grow within its target organ and significantly altered normal host clearance from these organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Immunoglobulin and complement in tissues of mice infected with Nocardia brasiliensis.

Two weeks after mice had been infected in the footpad with cells of Nocardia brasiliensis, immunoglobulin and C3 deposits were observed in tissue from the inoculation site. Both immunoglobulin and C3 were found in the actinomycotic granules that characterize the mycetoma and in the surrounding inflammatory zones, in which plasma cells were also present. Although anti-N. brasiliensis specificity was evidenced at 14 days postinfection in an eluate of infected tissue by an immunoenzymatic assay, no such antibody was found in the serum until 45 days postinfection. Immune complexes in the lesions, as indicated by the presence of C3, may also contribute to the pathology of the disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Constrictive pericarditis from Nocardia asteroides infection.

Human nocardiosis usually involves the respiratory tract or the skin but may disseminate to virtually any organ. It occurs in immunocompromised hosts as well as individuals with no apparent predisposition. Involvement of the pericardium is uncommon, having been reported infrequently in the past, but mandates surgical management. This report describes the course of a patient with chronic constrictive pericarditis from nocardia successfully treated with pericardiectomy and appropriate antibiotic therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

First report of pulmonary Nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in an immunocompetent patient from Turkey.

Nocardiosis is a rare disease, and worldwide, respiratory and disseminated infections are most often due to Nocardia asteroides which is recognised increasingly as an opportunistic infection in patients with underlying chronic debilitating disease or immunodeficiency. However, infection with N. otitidiscaviarum and pulmonary nocardiosis in an immune-competent host remains very rare. We report a 65-year-old immune-competent male with pulmonary N. otitidiscaviarum infection in whom complete cure was provided with a 6 months of antibiotic combination including trimethoprim-sulfomethaxazol. This is the first report of pulmonary N. otitidiscaviarum infection in an immune-competent patient from Turkey.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[High-dosage cotrimoxazole therapy of disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection].

After a scraping injury to the skin a 47-year-old man developed a generalized Nocardia brasiliensis infection with cutaneous, pulmonary and cerebral dissemination. There was no predisposing underlying illness. High-dosage cotrimoxazol and short-term intrathecal and systemic gentamycin administration achieved extensive healing. This form of treatment would thus seem capable of reversing the otherwise poor prognosis of generalized N. brasiliensis infection.

Brain Abscess↗
PubMed1991

Disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection: an unusual complication of immunosuppressive treatment for childhood dermatomyositis.

The use of steroids combined with cytotoxic drugs has increased in the last decade. The concomitant increase of opportunistic infections has contributed significantly to morbidity and mortality of patients treated with immunosuppressive agents. We describe a child with dermatomyositis who developed disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection while receiving steroids and methotrexate. Infectious etiology was established by gram stain. The patient was treated successfully. Disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection is rare with a high reported mortality. Diagnosis may be delayed secondary to insidious onset, similarity of clinical manifestations to other pathogens and slow growth in routine culture media. Nocardia should be considered early in the evaluation of infection in patients treated with immunosuppressive agents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Disseminated Nocardia transvalensis infection with osteomyelitis and multiple brain abscesses.

A case of Nocardia transvalensis osteomyelitis and cerebral abscesses is described. To the authors' knowledge, the patient described here represents the first reported case of primary N. transvalensis leg abscess with contiguous osteomyelitis of the femur and secondary brain abscesses. The literature on nocardial osteomyelitis and cerebral nocardiosis is reviewed, and treatment of both conditions is discussed. The interactions between the immune system and nocardial organisms are described, as well as the host defense defects in diabetic patients as they relate to pathogenicity of the bacteria. Finally, the patient's paradoxical therapeutic response of resolving brain abscesses with concomitant unresolving osteomyelitis is discussed, as well as its implications for managing similar cases in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Failure of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in invasive Nocardia asteroides infection.

A case of pulmonary nocardiosis occurred with progressive involvement of the pleura, pericardium, mediastinum, and sternum. Surgical resection and drainage procedures followed by administration of the drug combination, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, over a six-month period led to clinical recovery. Discontinuation of drug therapy, however, was followed by relapse and further invasion by the same organism. A literature survey of Nocardia asteroides infections treated with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole disclosed that posttreatment follow-up is often too brief or unknown, making the ultimate success of therapy uncertain.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

Goodpasture's syndrome complicated by nocardia asteroides infection.

A case of Goodpasture's syndrome--an immunological disorder characterised by a proliferative glomerunlonephritis with haemorrhagic pulmonary alveolitis--is described. There has been complete functional recovery of the presenting renal failure, but the immunosuppressive therapy was complicated by a severe episode of metastasising nocardiosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection following cryptococcal disease.

Nocardiosis is an increasing clinical problem, especially in immunocompromised patients. The offending species is almost always Nocardia asteroides. Cryptococcosis is also an increasing problem in the immunosuppressed. We describe a patient with probable disseminated cryptococcosis followed by disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection. Only eight patients with disseminated N brasiliensis infection have been described, to our knowledge, in the United States.

Cryptococcosis↗
PubMed1976

Disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection.

We report a 40-year-old man with advanced Hodgkin disease who received combination chemotherapy and developed disseminated Nocardia brasiliensis infection. We discuss opportunistic infections in the compromised host, with particular reference to nocardial disease and certain biologic characteristics of that organism.

Adult↗