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Results for “OPHTHALMOSCOPY”

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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

A teaching pointer for indirect ophthalmoscopy.

A simple teaching pointer has been devised for use with the indirect ophthalmoscope. A bristle is attached to a thimble that is placed on the thumb of the hand not holding the indirect lens. It can be used with or without scleral depression to define specific retinal lesions.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1977

Monochromatic ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography. The normal fundus.

Anatomical details in the ocular fundus can be seen with increased contrast when appropriate monochromatic illumination is used. This technique permits more accurate visualization and documentation than can be achieved with white light. This article reports the optimal spectral ranges for visualization of the different fundus structures. It describes and illustrates the appearance of individual structures and areas of the fundus under different spectral illuminations. There is a detailed discussion of the optical properties of the fundus layers that provides a background for interpreting the data and a baseline for examination of pathologic conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Argon endophotocoagulation with indirect ophthalmoscopy.

Argon endophotocoagulation may not be possible in some eyes due to the poor view afforded by the operating microscope. This limitation is avoided by viewing through argon filter goggles with the indirect ophthalmoscope while applying treatment with the endophotocoagulation argon laser probe through a pars plana entry site. This method has proved particularly helpful in the gas-filled eye, for treatment over a preexisting scleral buckle, or for a more complete peripheral panretinal photocoagulation.

Eye Protective Devices↗
PubMed2001

Improvements in colour fundus imaging using scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.

The objective of this study was to examine the properties of two laser lines 514 nm and 532 nm when used to image the retina with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO), and to compare the images taken with a simultaneous multiple wavelength SLO, to those taken with a fundus camera. From this we concluded that the 514 nm line is the preferred line for visualising the nerve fibre layer whereas the 532 nm line is preferred for visualising retinal vessels. Based on these results the 532 nm laser light source was selected as the green line for imaging with the simultaneous colour SLO. Cases are presented where the colour SLO images contain more information than traditional digitised fundus photographs.

Fundus Oculi↗
PubMed1996

[Value of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and polarimetry compared with perimetry in evaluating glaucomatous changes in the optic papilla and nerve fiber layer].

The aim of the study was to establish quantitative correlations between morphological changes at the optic nerve head (ONH) and the retinal nerve fiber layer (NFL) and functional abnormalities i.e. visual field alterations in glaucoma. A cross-sectional study of open-angle glaucoma patients of various stages was performed. Scanning laser tomographic (TopSS) assessment of the ONH and scanning laser polarimetric (Nerve Fiber Analyzer) measurements of the peripapillary NFL thickness (NFLT) were compared to results of computerized static perimetry (Octopus G-1). One eye from each of 157 glaucoma suspects (n = 58) and patients with established open-angle glaucoma (n = 99) was assessed. The parameter "modulation" (difference between maximum and minimum of NFLT) gave the best correlation (r2 = 0.23) to the visual field index for mean sensitivity. Tomography gave the best correlation between the neuroretinal rim area at the inferior and superior pole of the ONH and the visual field index loss variance (r2 = 0.20). Conventional planimetric data of the ONH and clinical assessment of the NFL yielded slightly better correlations to the visual field data than the scanning laser tomography or polarimetry. Although NFL parameters are more complicated to obtain, they yield better correlations to diffuse visual field loss than parameters of the ONH. The new scanning laser techniques do not improve these correlations between morphology and function; however, they allow objective assessment of ONH and NFL parameters without mydriasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Studies of the distribution of lipofuscin in the retinal pigment epithelium using high-resolution TV laser scanning ophthalmoscopy].

BACKGROUND: The fundus autofluorescence imaging technique has been modified allowing improved image resolution (768 x 572 pixel). We present results of fundus autofluorescence studies using this technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fundus autofluorescence was studied in 286 eyes of 143 patients with retinitis pigmentosa, macular dystrophies and age-related macular degeneration using a confocal laser scanning ophthalmoscope prototype (Zeiss, Oberkochen; excitation wavelength: 488 nm, cut-off filter at 521 nm). RESULTS: The spatial distribution of autofluorescence was different in all diseased eyes investigated compared to the normal pattern of fundus autofluorescence. Each disorder showed a specific fundus autofluorescence appearance. CONCLUSIONS: The advanced technique of imaging fundus autofluorescence allows detailed studies of the lipofuscin distribution. In vivo analysis of the dynamics of accumulation and degradation of lipofuscin in eyes with tapeto-retinal dystrophies and age-related macular disease may contribute to elucidation of the pathogenesis of these disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Quantification of retinal nerve fiber thickness. A comparison of laser scanning ophthalmoscopy, polarimetry and optical coherence tomography in healthy and glaucomatous eyes].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in healthy eyes and in eyes of patients with primary open angle glaucoma using the Heidelberg retina tomograph (HRT), the nerve fibre analyser (NFA) and the optical coherence tomograph (OCT). METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 40 normal eyes and 86 eyes of age-matched glaucoma patients were compared by confocal scanning laser tomography using the HRT, scanning laser polarimetry (NFA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The RNFL thickness was measured in the superior, inferior, nasal and temporal regions as well as the total circumference. RESULTS: All three methods revealed a statistically significant difference between normal and glaucomatous eyes with respect to the mean RNFL thickness in the inferior and superior regions (p < 0.001). The mean RNFL thickness in the superior region was 329 microns (HRT), 87 microns (NFA) and 94 microns (OCT) in healthy volunteers compared to 275 microns (HRT), 72 microns (NFA) and 82 microns (OCT) in the patient group. In the inferior region, it was 323 microns (HRT), 87 microns (NFA) and 93 microns (OCT) in healthy subjects versus 240 microns (HRT), 74 microns (NFA) and 83 microns (OCT) in glaucoma patients. Cut-off points to differentiate between normal and glaucomatous eyes could not be defined. There was no difference in the RNFL thickness of right and left eyes. CONCLUSIONS: In RNFL thickness measurements using HRT, NFA and OCT, glaucoma patients showed a significantly thinner RNFL in the superior and inferior areas compared to healthy volunteers. These results confirm the known histological and fundus photographic findings of RNFL thinning near the optic disc in glaucoma patients. Although RNFL thickness cannot be used to diagnose glaucoma in individual patients due to the high interindividual differences, the quantitative assessment of RNFL thickness may complement the diagnostic armamentarium as a sensitive parameter for diagnosing and monitoring glaucomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Radiating retinal folds detected by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy using a diode laser in a dark-field mode in idiopathic macular holes.

BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of idiopathic macular hole is unclear. We studied the morphologic features of idiopathic macular holes using a modification of the scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO). METHODS: Seventy-two eyes of 57 patients with macular hole (40 women, 17 men; age 66.1 +/- 6.4 years, mean +/- SD) were included in this study. The macular holes were classified according to the Gass classification (1988). The changes around the macular holes were recorded by SLO using both a confocal aperture with a helium-neon laser (633 nm) and a ring aperture (dark-field mode) with a diode laser (780 nm) to detect fine morphologic features. RESULTS: We successfully observed minute retinal wrinkling, i.e., radiating striae (fold type) and a dome configuration (dome type), around the macular holes using the SLO dark-field mode with a diode laser, which provides a deeper retinal image because of the longer wave-length laser and the indirect mode. A helium-neon laser with a confocal aperture sometimes failed to disclose the fine retinal wrinkles. Most of the stage 2 macular holes were of the fold type. The smaller the hole, the higher the prevalence of the fold type. As the holes progressed in size, the prevalence of the dome type increased. The radiating retinal folds disappeared after successful vitreous surgery. CONCLUSION: The SLO dark-field mode with a diode laser might be useful for clear observation of fine retinal features around macular holes. The retinal folds probably indicate the presence of traction on the macula and hence may be good markers for macular repair after vitreous surgery.

Aged↗