PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “RECTAL NEOPLASMS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1964

LYMPHANGIOGRAPHY.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed2000

Prospective comparison of endorectal ultrasound, three-dimensional endorectal ultrasound, and endorectal MRI in the preoperative evaluation of rectal tumors. Preliminary results.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the value of endorectal ultrasound (EUS), three-dimensional (3D) EUS, and endorectal MRI in the preoperative staging of rectal neoplasms. METHODS: Thirty consecutive patients with rectal tumors were assessed by EUS and endorectal MRI. Additionally, three-dimensional ultrasound was performed in a subgroup of 25 patients. EUS data were obtained with a bifocal multiplane transducer (10 MHz) and processed on a 3D ultrasound workstation. MR imaging was carried out with a 1. 5 T superconducting unit using an endorectal surface coil. RESULTS: EUS was carried out successfully in all 30 patients, whereas endorectal MRI was not feasible in two patients. Compared with the histopathological classification, EUS and endorectal MRI correctly determined the tumor infiltration depth in 25 of 30 and 28 patients, respectively. The comparative accuracy of EUS, 3D EUS, and endorectal MRI in predicting tumor invasion was 84%, 88%, and 91%, respectively. EUS, three-dimensional EUS, and endorectal MRI enabled us to assess the lymph node status correctly in 25, 25, and 24 patients, respectively. Both three-dimensional EUS and endorectal MRI combined high-resolution imaging and multiplanar display options. Assessment of additional scan planes facilitated the interpretation of the findings and improved the understanding of the three-dimensional anatomy. CONCLUSION: The accuracy of three-dimensional EUS and endorectal MRI in the assessment of the infiltration depth of rectal cancer is comparable to conventional EUS. One advantage of both methods is the ability to obtain multiplanar images, which may be helpful for the planning of surgery in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Malignant nonepithelial tumors of the rectum].

Nonepithelial malignancies of the rectum are extremely rare making up 0.34% of all rectal neoplasms only. Clinical course, diagnosis and treatment of 8 patients with rectal sarcoma are described. Electron microscopy is helpful in differentiating between various types of sarcoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision-the Turin experience.

Improved local control and survival rates in the treatment of rectal cancer have been reported after total mesorectal excision (TME). We performed an analysis of TME for rectal cancer by laparoscopic approach during a prospective nonrandomized trial. A prospective consecutive series of 98 laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (LTME) procedures for low and mid-rectal tumors. All patients had a sphincter-saving procedure. Case selection, surgical technique, and clinical and oncological results were reviewed. The distal limit of rectal neoplasm was on average 5.4 cm (range 3-12) from the anal verge. The mean operative time was 192.5 min (range 125-360). The conversion rate was 18.4%. The mean postoperative stay was 11.6 days (range 4-61). The 30-day mortality rate was 1% (1/98) and the overall postoperative morbidity was 18.4% including 10 anastomotic leakages. Concerning long-term oncological results, we evaluated 93 (94.8%) patients with a median follow-up of 46.3 months (range 12-132). During this period, 15.1% (14/93) died of cancer and 7.5% (7/93) are alive with metastatic disease. The port-site metastases rate was 2.1% (2/93). The locoregional pelvic recurrence rate was 2.1% (2/93): 1 stage II at 12 months and 1 stage III at 18 postoperative months, respectively. LTME is a feasible but technically demanding procedure (18.4% conversion rate). Our series confirms the safety of the procedure, while oncological results are at present comparable to the open published series with the limitation of a short follow-up period. Further studies and possibly randomized series will be necessary to evaluate long-term clinical outcome in cancer patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Retinol and tocopherol content in primary and metastatic digestive neoplasms.

BACKGROUND: Recent trials in digestive-tract cancer have produced conflicting results regarding the protective role of liposoluble vitamins. Accordingly, we have undertaken an extensive appraisal of the behaviour of retinol and tocopherol in both human upper and lower digestive neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects comprised six healthy controls, 10 patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis, 13 with gastric neoplasms, 12 with colo-rectal neoplasms and 13 with digestive neoplasms and liver metastases. Retinol and tocopherol in the plasma, liver, as well as from secondary malignant nodules of the liver, were determined following a high performance liquid chromatographic technique. RESULTS: The plasma concentration of retinol was significantly reduced only in some neoplastic groups with respect to the non-neoplastic groups. Plasma tocopherol levels remained almost unchanged and, surprisingly, they were higher even in the neoplastic patients and in relation to total serum lipids. There was a sharp decrease in the liver tissue levels of total, mainly esterified, retinol in both cholelithiasis and neoplastic groups; tocopherol, on the other hand, remained more or less unchanged, except in the liver metastatic nodules, where it increased. CONCLUSION: Levels of plasma vitamin and tissue retinol and tocopherol appear to be unpredictable on the basis of the corresponding circulating levels, and this must be taken into account when prescribing dietary and therapeutic regimes.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery.

Transanal endoscopic microsurgery has become an established method of transanally excising rectal tumors. It uses a closed, airtight system that provides constant rectal distension, improved visibility, and longer reach than conventional instrumentation. Virtually any rectal adenoma and properly selected cancers can be removed with this technique. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery excision of cancers requires that strict selection criteria be satisfied and is best suited for T1 cancers. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery should not replace low anterior resection or abdominoperineal resection for those cancers that have either deep penetration into the rectal wall or lymph node metastases. This procedure is safe, is associated with minimal complications, and most patients can be treated on an outpatient basis. Complications include bleeding, urinary retention, temporary soilage, and inadvertent entry into the peritoneal cavity. Once transanal endoscopic microsurgery has been mastered, it may become the technique of choice for locally excising rectal neoplasms.

Adenoma↗