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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Simultaneous bilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment].

BACKGROUND: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) has a strong bilateral tendency. It results from a chronic degenerative process, wherein both eyes are involved. However, simultaneous RD of both eyes is a rare finding. In a retrospective study we investigated the clinical course as well as risk factors in this kind of manifestation. METHODS: From 1989 to 1994, 931 patients underwent operation because of RD in our ophthalmologic department. Eleven of these patients presented a simultaneous bilateral RD exceeding one hour. We excluded patients with consecutive retinal detachments and retinal detachments deriving from intraocular surgery, trauma, tractive hole formation or heredodegeneration. RESULTS: Seven out of 11 patients with simultaneous bilateral retinal detachment were under 35 years of age. All of these presented multiple round holes (3-19). Horse-shoe tears were causative in 6 eyes; these patients all were over 50 years of age. There was a preponderance of males (73%) in our study. Nine patients were myopic with diopters ranging from -0.5 to -11.25. Retinal reattachment by a single intervention was achieved in 21 eyes, whereas 3 eyes had to undergo a second operation for a redetachment. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous bilateral RD, the most severe type of a retinal resp. vitreoretinal degenerative process, occurs predominantly in patients under the age of 35 with multiple bilateral round holes. We therefore conclude that multiple round holes in this group of patients are not to be regarded as a benign form of degeneration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

ERG and VECPs in retinal detachments.

In retinal detachments the scotopic ERG is generally more disturbed than the photopic ERG; both are more disturbed than would be expected from the visible detached retina. The disturbance is characterized by a reduction of both the a-wave and the b-wave. Furthermore, the photopic responses are clearly delayed when the detachment extends over more than half of the retina, giving a typical, even pathognomonic, wave form when the detachment covers more than three quarters of the retina. Even in total detachments, such a response, though very small, can usually be obtained, as well as a VECP after strong light flashes. Most likely they are responses of the detached retina.

Electroretinography↗
PubMed1975

Retinal detachment surgery.

Retinal surgery commences with careful ophthalmoscopy. The surgeon must be familiar with indirect monocular and binocular ophthalmoscopy, but biomicroscopy is most essential. Buckling procedures can be produced by different techniques and should be adapted to the case. Drainage of subretinal fluid is crucial. One should avoid it if possible, but if it has to be done, care has to be taken to avoid complications. The sealing of retinal holes and tears can be performed by diathermy, cryo- and light coagulation. Each technique has its indication and should be available at the time of surgery. Vitreous surgery is still in the experimental stage, but seems to be very promising, although its main use will most probably lie outside the field of retinal detachment.

Argon↗
PubMed1998

Retinal detachment.

A retinal detachment is often traumatic and shocking to patients once they become aware of the condition. Nurses have the unique opportunity to assist these patients in accepting and in coping with this potential serious vision loss through understanding, education, rehabilitation, and ocular safety.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Temporary use of intraocular silicone oil in the treatment of complicated retinal detachment.

Complicated retinal detachments in 99 eyes were successfully managed by intraocular injections of silicone oil with or without pars plana vitrectomy. The silicone was then subsequently removed after panretinal photocoagulation. Any remaining anterior vitreous cortex near the vitreous base and/or preretinal proliferative tissue causing traction of the retina was also removed by a vitrectome or extracted by a hooked needle after the silicone-fluid exchange had been performed. The preretinal proliferation occurred in some cases even after silicone oil had been removed. Recurrent detachments were discovered in 8 of the 99 eyes and were managed successfully by reinjections of the silicone. Other silicone reinjections were required in two eyes with diabetic retinopathy and two nondiabetic eyes because of frequent rebleeding into the vitreous cavity.

Eye↗
PubMed2002

Molecular genetics of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) most commonly occurs as a spontaneous event resulting from posterior vitreous detachment, typically between the ages of 40-70 yrs. It is also a feature in some inherited disorders, most commonly Stickler syndrome. The relationship between these inherited disorders and the spontaneous cases is unclear. Here in particular we review Stickler syndrome, and discuss the differential diagnosis of Stickler, Wagner and Marshall syndromes. Other rare inherited disorders associated with RRD are also briefly reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The encircling Silastic 3 mm band without cautery in retinal detachment surgery.

Retinal detachment with tears can be cured by scleral buckling by synthetic material pressure retino-choroidopathy without cautery (diathermy, cryo- or photocoagulation) to tear edges on conditions: (1) To use the encircling Silastic 3-mm band (equatorial or oblique according to tear site) giving a permanent buckle. The segmental buckle may recede reopening the tear and its retino-choroidopathy effect may not be sufficient to seal the tear. (2) Not to evacuate the subretinal fluid leaving the ocular tension at end of operation a bit high [about 25 mm Hg in the first operation and 5 mm Hg (Schøtz) in the recent reoperation above the preoperative level]. The synthetic material pressure retino-choroidopathy seals the tear and lowers the ocular tension in subsequent days with beter buckling. (3) As these conditions may not be attained, it is wiser to use minimal diathermy or cryo-therapy to seal the tear.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1982

[Retinal detachment and retraction. Effect of steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents on the autoimmune reaction against the retina in idiopathic retinal detachment with signs of retraction].

The leukocyte adherence was employed to detect patients with auto-immunity against the retina, in three series of retinal detachments associated with peripheral vitreo-retinal retraction. The first serie of 14 patients received no medical treatment; the second serie of 19 patients was submitted an antiprostaglandins drug (tiaprofenic acid); the third serie of 16 patients received systemic corticoids. The leukocyte adherence test was performed before surgery and 10 days after surgery in all patients. It showed that auto-immunity against the retina after surgery was half as frequent in those patients submitted to anti-inflammatory drugs than in those patients who received no medical treatment. Moreover, the results of the present study suggest that: 1) Auto-immunity against the retina after surgery is twice as frequent in retinal detachments with associated massive vitreo-retinal retraction than in those which are surgical successes with good visual results (no macular pucker). 2) Auto-immunity against the retina 10 days after surgery is more frequent in those retinal detachments needing more than 20 cryo-applications than in those needing less than 20 cryo-applications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment of retinal detachment with bilateral idiopathic retinal dialysis].

The retrospective study was aimed at demonstrating anatomical and functional results of surgical treatment in patients with bilateral idiopathic retinal dialysis (BIRD). In the period of 1985-2001 the authors operated on BIRD in 10 eyes of five patients (three men and two women). No eye injury or inflammation was present in the case history of the patients. The age of the patients was between 11 and 30 years, the mean age was 19.2 years. The symptoms typical for retinal detachment were present in four eyes only and absent in the other six eyes. Hyperopia of both eyes in analogy with myopia of both eyes was observed in two patients, respectively, whereas emmetropia was present in one patient. The retinal dialysis (RD) occurred in lower temporal quadrant in all eyes (100%), in one eye (10%) it also occurred together with an discontinuous RD in upper temporal quadrant and in another eye it was extended into lower nasal quadrant. Demarcation lines were present in 5 eyes (50%), subretinal solid strands in 1 eye (10%). Scleral buckling procedures were performed as the primary surgical procedure in all 10 eyes of 5 patients. Eight eyes was operated on with the use of segmental circumferential sponge buckles of silicone and two eyes with the use of encircling elements of solid silicone. Retina was successfully reattached postoperatively in 9 eyes (90%) and remained detached in one eye (10%). The visual acuity preoperatively 6/12 or better remained unchanged postoperatively in 8 eyes (80%). The visual acuity postoperatively improved in 1 eye (10%) and in 1 eye (10%) visual acuity was decreased. The mean period of observation of the patients was 86 months. The necessity of a routine examination of the extreme retinal periphery of the fellow asymptomatic eye of the young adult with no history of trauma and with the retinal detachment associated with retinal dialysis in one eye is also discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Phakic retinal detachment associated with cystic retinal tuft.

Of 200 consecutive cases with phakic nontraumatic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 15 cases (7.5%) were causally related to cystic retinal tuft. The cystic retinal tuft was characterized by a small, elevated and chalky-white lesion with cystic features and pigment proliferations. The lesions were present in the equatorial region of the retina, and two types of retinal breaks were found, i.e., horseshoe- or crescent-shaped flap tears and round opercular tears. Flap tears were found more frequently, which were located at the juxtabasal zone of the equator and induced acute, highly elevated detachments. Opercular tears were located at the extrabasal zone of the equator and caused relatively slowly developing, shallow detachments. It was concluded that the cystic retinal tuft is an important vitreoretinal abnormality predisposing to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Retinal detachment during glaucoma therapy. Review. A case report of an occurrence of retinal detachment after using membranous pilocarpine delivery system [Pilokarpin lameller (Ocusert) 11 mg].

Miotic-induced retinal detachment (RD) is a condition that is not recognized as such by common consent. Clinically it has been shown that all miotic agents, whether strong or weak, can precipitate an RD, if there are additional contributing factors like high myopia, peripheral lattice degeneration of the retina, pathological vitreoretinal changes and previous history of an RD in the other eye, which all increase the basic risk of RD. Pilokarpin lameller 11 mg represents a form of miotic therapy having initially only a moderate accommodative and miotic effect, which further declines to a level of steady state during the next hours. Because the time interval after which a new Pilokarpin lameller unit is required lasts up to 1 week, the total amount of accommodation and miosis is much smaller than when applying daily 2% pilocarpine drops. However, it seems important, before the start of any kind of miotic therapy, to perform a careful examination and management of virtually all detachment-prone patients. This case report deals with an RD which occurred after 2 days of treatment with Pilokarpin lameller (Ocusert) 11 mg in a myopic patient who had a juvenile type of glaucoma and previous history of an RD in the other eye.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Selection of scleral buckling for primary retinal detachment.

PURPOSE: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) may be caused by a flap tear or by an atrophic hole along the lattice degeneration. The aim of this study was to see whether different types of scleral buckling could achieve comparable reattachment rates in eyes with specific types of RRD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 128 eyes with RRD were assigned to receive 1 of 3 buckling procedures according to the following guidelines: retinal detachments caused by flap tears were treated with radial segmental buckling; retinal detachments caused by atrophic holes with limited lattice degeneration were treated with circumferential segmental buckling, and retinal detachments caused by multiple breaks with extensive lattice degeneration were treated with encircling buckling. RESULTS: 56 eyes received radial segmental buckling, 36 eyes received circumferential segmental buckling, and 36 eyes received encircling buckling. The reattachment rates in these three groups were 83.9, 86.1, and 88.9%, respectively (no statistically significant difference). The visual outcomes were comparable in all groups. Younger age, an increased requirement for subretinal fluid drainage, longer operation time, and myopic shift were noted in the encircling group. CONCLUSIONS: Comparable reattachment rates could be achieved in all three groups according to our guidelines. Segmental buckling is appropriate for two thirds of RRD in this study and has fewer complications than encircling buckling. Every retinal detachment behaves differently and should be subjected to its optimal buckling procedure to achieve the best results and to avoid unnecessary operative complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Electrophysiologic detection of choroidal detachment in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

The base values of electrooculograms (EOGs) of 39 patients with new, unilateral rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and clear media were studied. None of the patients had a history of ocular surgery. Ophthalmoscopic examinations revealed choroidal detachment in 11 eyes. The mean (+/- SD) amplitude, expressed as a percentage of the amplitude recorded for unaffected fellow eyes, was 116 +/- 31% in the 28 eyes without choroidal detachment, and 39 +/- 10% in the 11 eyes with choroidal detachment. This difference was statistically significant (P < 0.0001). There was no significant correlation in either group between baseline value and extent of retinal detachment or intraocular pressure. These results indicate that choroidal detachment associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment can be revealed electrophysiologically by the baseline value of an EOG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Choroidal detachment associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment and aqueous flare].

The aqueous protein level (APL) in eyes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) combined with or without choroidal detachment (CD) was investigated using a laser flare-cell meter. The APL in eyes of RRD with CD was 70 times higher than in eyes of simple RRD. The APL increased suddenly with the appearance of CD and decreased rapidly in accordance with the disappearance of CD. The longer the CD continued, the higher the APL remained preoperatively as well as postoperatively. The APL in eyes of RRD with CD was still twice as high as in eyes of simple RRD 6 months after successful retinal reattachment. This marked and prolonged intraocular inflammation in eyes of RRD with CD might result in a poorer visual outcome. The extremely high APL might be caused by reflux of suprachoroidal protein through the uveoscleral route and/or venous protein through the trabecular meshwork due to ocular hypotony and possibly by diffusion of protein via posterior chamber and vitreous cavity due to the breakdown of the blood-ocular barrier.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Vitrectomy for complicated retinal detachments secondary to branch retinal vein occlusions.

Combined rhegmatogenous and traction retinal detachments associated with branch vein occlusions occurred in five eyes of five patients between Jan. 1, 1986 and Dec. 31, 1987. Four patients underwent surgery with pars plana vitrectomy and intravitreal gas, with or without scleral buckling. One patient refused treatment. All operated on eyes had attached retinas at a mean follow-up of seven months. Because posterior traction plays an important role in these unusual detachments, consideration should be given to pars plana vitrectomy and air-fluid exchange rather than scleral buckling alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Management of cilio-choroidal detachment associated with rhegmatogenic retinal detachment].

51 cases (17%) of cilio-choroidal detachment were associated with rhegmatogenic retinal detachment in a series of 305 cases of the latter. The prominent feature in these cases was extraordinary hypotony, which was an important factor in pathogenesis of the transudative ciliochoroidal detachment. Among the 46 cases that underwent surgical operation, the rate of successful retinal reattachment was 70% (32/46) after a follow-up of 26 months. The good results were believed to have been due to early diagnosis, high dosage topical and systemic steroid therapy, intensive mydriasis, and performance of the retinal surgery as soon as the severe uveitis became alleviated.

Choroid Diseases↗