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Results for “Subcutaneous Emphysema”

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PubMed1977

Subcutaneous emphysema during periodontal surgery: report of a case.

Subcutaneous emphysema (S.E.) of the facial region is an uncommon complication of dental procedures. A case is presented which details the development of S.E. following use of an air-water syringe during periodontal surgery. Differential diagnosis of the condition depends upon accurate historical data and the finding of crepitus on palpation of the involved tissues. Treatment is supportive in nature, although prophylactic antibiotic coverage is suggested. The etiology of S.E. is discussed and judicious use of compressed air or gas-producing medicaments during dental treatment is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Massive spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema. Acute management with infraclavicular "blow holes".

Four patients who recently developed massive spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema in our intensive care unit are reported. No obviously remediable intrathoracic process was found in any of these patients. The acute physiologic impairment and grotesque cosmetic deformity were immediately alleviated by making bilateral 3-cm infraclavicular incisions down to the pectoralis fascia. These acutely decompressed the progressive subcutaneous dissection and each patient's subcutaneous emphysema resolved without any additional invasive therapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Post-traumatic subcutaneous emphysema--misdiagnosed as gas gangrene].

Two cases of subcutaneous emphysema which developed after minor trauma are presented. One patient had a wound on the tip of the olecranon, and the other an interdigital wound. Both cases were misdiagnosed as gas gangrene, and treated with surgical revision and antibiotics. Neither necrosis nor bacteria were found. Both cases of emphysema were believed to be due to the pumping effect of the movement of the limbs.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum secondary to dental extraction: a case report and literature review.

Here, we present the case of a woman who suffered from acute dyspnea and right cheek and neck swelling during molar extraction. The use of a high-speed dental drill may introduce air into the soft tissue and lead to subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. After a review of the literature, we found that subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum are rare complications secondary to dental extraction. We report this case because physicians in the emergency department may misdiagnose the symptoms as an allergic reaction. Dentists should be more aware of air leak during dental extraction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Subcutaneous emphysema of the lower extremity. A case report.

The case presented is a rare example of subcutaneous emphysema isolated to an extremity. This is a benign condition and should not be confused with necrotizing gas-producing infections. In most cases, the condition rapidly resolves without treatment, usually in less than 48 hr. In rare cases where the mechanical process causing the subcutaneous emphysema persists, interruption of this process is required.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema: unusual presenting feature of a common condition.

Pneumomediastinum refers to the presence of free air in the mediastinum and is frequently associated with subcutaneous emphysema. It is known that a number of medical and surgical conditions may be complicated by pneumomediastinum. However, here we report the case of a young female in whom pneumomediastinum was the presenting feature of a widespread medical condition rather than its complication.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Subcutaneous emphysema of the neck in infancy: under-recognized presentation of child abuse.

Two cases of subcutaneous emphysema of the neck as a result of abuse in infancy are presented to add to the variety of findings associated with the maltreatment of infants. Pharyngeal perforations as a result of abuse are rare. These cases are presented as a reminder to the attending clinician that although most cases of subcutaneous emphysema may resolve without any complications a detailed examination for the cause should be performed and the history carefully verified.

Child Abuse↗
PubMed1979

Subcutaneous emphysema of the abdominal wall from diverticulitis with necrotizing fasciitis.

The case history of a patient with subcutaneous emphysema of the abdomen from sigmoid diverticulitis is presented. The mechanisms for developing abdominal wall emphysema are reviewed. Thus when the gas originates from the gastrointestinal tract, mechanical factors are mainly responsible for this phenomenon. These inculde a direct communication through a colonocutaneous fistula. Gas may, however, also be spread into the abdominal wall by high intraintestinal pressures. Infection with gas-producing organisms may be associated with subcutaneous emphysema. This is particularly true when the emphysema develops 48 h or longer after onset of symptoms. Infection, however, is not the major cause for gas in these tissues.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed2004

Subcutaneous emphysema mimicking gas gangrene following perforation of the rectum: a case report.

We report a case of extensive subcutaneous emphysema of the lower extremity mimicking gas gangrene following perforation of the rectum in a 38-yr-old man. Subcutaneous emphysema of the leg may rarely occur secondary to perforation of the gastrointestinal tract and has often created serious diagnostic problems and high mortality rates. Therefore, prompt diagnosis and aggressive treatment is imperative.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema associated with fatal interstitial pneumonia in dermatomyositis.

We described a 65-year-old woman who died of acute interstitial pneumonia associated with dermatomyositis. Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum simultaneously developed. The association of the pulmonary rupture with vasculitis has been assumed as the common cause in interstitial pneumonia. Diffuse alveolar damage, however, might have led to the pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in our patient, who had no signs of cutaneous vasculitis.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Idiopathic mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema in a patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation].

A 45-year-old man was diagnosed as having Ph1+ acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in February 1997. Complete remission was achieved by chemotherapy. Allogeneic BMT from his HLA-identical sister was performed on June 11, 1997. Engraftment was relatively quick, but acute GVHD (grade I) developed. The patient was discharged on day 113. Seven months after BMT, in January 1998, exertional dyspnea developed gradually. Chest X-ray examination showed diffuse interstitial pneumonia, for which corticosteroid was started immediately. The symptoms and signs gradually improved. However, on the 20th hospital day (February 23), bilateral subcutaneous emphysema developed in the neck and supraclavicular region. Chest X-ray and CT examinations showed pneumomediastinum without pneumothorax. The pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema gradually subsided after 3 weeks of bed rest. Subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum are relatively rare complications of allogeneic BMT.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1993

[Severe subcutaneous emphysema and hypercapnia during laparoscopic cholecystectomy].

A 41-year old, 50 kg female was scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Anesthesia was induced with thiopental 250 mg IV and endotracheal intubation was performed using succinylcholine 60 mg IV. Anesthesia was maintained with N2O (67%)-oxygen-sevoflurane (1.5-2%) and pancuronium was used for muscle relaxation. The lungs were mechanically ventilated with TV 500 ml and RR 12.min-1. Immediately after the start of incision, PECO2 was 30 mmHg. But about thirty minutes after introducing carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum, subcutaneous emphysema and high PECO2 (60 mmHg) were noted and arterial blood gas analysis showed PaCO2 63.2 mmHg, PaO2 135.4 mmHg and pH 7.32. Generally in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, subcutaneous emphysema is more common than in gynecologic laparoscopy and especially with severe subcutaneous emphysema, there is a risk of hypercapnia. This is because carbon dioxide in subcutaneous tissue is more absorbable than that in peritoneal cavity. As carbon dioxide in subcutaneous tissue is absorbed continuously after the operation, the patient should be carefully observed postoperatively.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

A patient of severe cervicofacial subcutaneous emphysema associated with Munchausen's syndrome.

Subcutaneous cervicofacial emphysema is an entity with the presence of air within the fascial planes of the head and neck, which results from various causes. A case of severe subcutaneous cervicofacial emphysema associated with Munchausen's syndrome is presented. Detailed diagnostic investigations to find out the organic cause of the condition were failed. Episodes of facial swelling were prevented by psychiatric support. Munchausen's syndrome should be kept in mind among the etiological factors of subcutaneous cervicofacial emphysema cases, in whom no organic causes can be found out.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Bilateral pneumothorax with extensive subcutaneous emphysema manifested during third molar surgery. A case report.

This report describes a case of bilateral pneumothorax with extensive subcutaneous emphysema in a 45-year-old man that occurred during surgery to extract the left lower third molar, performed with the use of an air turbine dental handpiece. Computed tomographic scanning showed severe subcutaneous emphysema extending bilaterally from the cervicofacial region and the deep anatomic spaces (including the pterygomandibular, parapharyngeal, retropharyngeal, and deep temporal spaces) to the anterior wall of the chest. Furthermore, bilateral pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum were present. In our patient, air dissection was probably caused by pressurized air being forced through the operating site into the surrounding connective tissue.

Humans↗