PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Autonomic Nervous System”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

The association among autonomic nervous system function, incident diabetes, and intervention arm in the Diabetes Prevention Program.

OBJECTIVE: Autonomic nervous system dysfunction, a correlate of obesity and poor cardiorespiratory fitness, is associated with the development of diabetes. We tested whether estimates of autonomic nervous system function improved in the intensive lifestyle versus metformin or placebo arms of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) and whether baseline or a change in autonomic nervous system function was associated with the development of diabetes over 3.2 years. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In 2,980 DPP participants, 12-lead electrocardiograms were measured at baseline and annually. Heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), and QT duration were used to estimate fitness and autonomic nervous system function. RESULTS: In the lifestyle arm, heart rate and QT indexes decreased, and HRV increased over time. The magnitude of decline in heart rate and QT duration was substantially smaller in the other arms, whereas HRV did not increase. Baseline heart rate was the only index significantly (P < 0.05) associated with incident diabetes after adjustment for demographics and weight change (hazard ratio for lifestyle and metformin arms = 1.19 and 1.17 per 10.6 beats/min, respectively). Decreases in heart rate and QT indexes and increases in HRV over time were associated with a lower risk of developing diabetes. The protective association between decreased heart rate and incident diabetes in the lifestyle arm remained significant after accounting for change in weight and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Indexes that reflect autonomic function and fitness improved (i.e., heart rate decreased and HRV increased) in the lifestyle modification arm of the DPP. Improvements in these indexes are inversely associated with the development of diabetes independent of weight change.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1999

The influence of psychotic states on the autonomic nervous system in schizophrenia.

Abnormal autonomic activity in patients with schizophrenia has been reported, but how psychotic states influence the autonomic nervous system (ANS) has remained unclear due to methodological limitations. The influence of psychotic states on ANS activity in patients with schizophrenia was investigated using a recently developed method of analysis based on heart rate variability which assesses cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic function separately. Cardiac autonomic function (CAF), together with psychotic states, was assessed at the beginning and the end of an 8-week study period in 53 patients with chronic schizophrenia. The CAF in age- and sex-matched control subjects was also examined. There were no significant differences between the patients and the control subjects in the mean R-R interval (RRI) or in the indices of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic function. In the patients who changed in psychotic states, the parasympathetic index was significantly decreased without significant changes in the sympathetic index when their psychotic states were more pronounced, suggesting psychotic states suppressed the parasympathetic function without affecting the sympathetic function. In these patients, the mean RRI was smaller when their psychotic states were more pronounced. Our results demonstrate that psychotic states affect the ANS, suggesting a relationship between cerebral cognitive and peripheral ANS activities, and that this is presumably mediated through the parasympathetic nervous system. These findings are discussed in comparison with previous reports on the CAF in schizophrenia.

Adult↗