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PubMedDate not supplied

Infection control in peripheral cannulae.

Cannulation is a procedure that is increasingly being performed by nurses, therefore it is important that they are aware of the complications associated with care and management. This article focuses on the infection risks associated with peripheral cannulae and how nurses can adapt their practice to care effectively for patients with peripheral lines.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1998

Hemocompatibility of intravenous catheters: the influence of central or peripheric access.

The contact between the blood and any kind of material can lead to hemocompatibility issues that deserves some consideration. Midst some aspects to consider, special attention must be given to the rheology and the blood flow. Therefore, the speed blood influence in relation to the catheter type (central or peripheric) was studied in this report. It involved 129 patients from two school-hospitals of São Paulo. The access (central or peripheric), different aspects related to the patients, proceeding and the type, nature and catheter origin were considered. One concludes that the blood incompatibility is time proportional, and that only the external surface shows blood compatibility differences, granting the peripheric catheters.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Local complications of nursing interventions on peripheral veins.

The authors analyze the causes of complications after nursing interventions on peripheral veins. Twenty-one percent of all venipunctures involve complications, mainly subcutaneous hematomas (62% of all complications), paravasal injection of drugs (28%), spontaneous rupture of the vein (6%), obliteration of the vessel (2%), superficial phlebitis (2%), external bleeding from the vein (0.5%), and local allergic reactions (0.5%). The complications are cause mainly by incorrect technique. Recommendations are offered for preventing complications associated with peripheral infusion treatments.

Catheterization, Peripheral↗
PubMed2004

[Phlebitis in peripheral catheters (I). Incidence and risk factors].

The type of pathology and the current therapeutic tendencies justify that endovenous therapy is the most frequently selected one. Although it has multiple advantages, it bears with it a series of infectious type complications (bacterial infections, phlebitis and thrombophlebitis). Even though bacterial infections in peripheral intravascular vessels have a low occurrence rate, which some authors list as between 1 and 2%, in central intravascular vessels, their occurrence is usually higher. Phlebitis is one of the complications most frequently associated with the use of peripheral intravascular catheters.

Catheterization, Peripheral↗
PubMed2003

[Surgical treatment of peripheral vascular injuries after cardiac catheterization].

OBJECTIVE: Diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac interventions have being performed in expanding numbers during last years. Forty-two cases with peripheral vascular injuries requiring surgical therapy after 64.911 cardiac interventions in our center between 1985 and 2002 were evaluated retrospectively. METHODS: Thirty-three of vascular injuries (78.6%) occurred after angiography/catheterization, and the remaining vascular injuries (21.4%) occurred after angioplasty/stent procedures. There were 12 female (28.6%) and 30 male (71.4%). The mean age was 51.3+/-4.1 years. The localization of the arterial injuries were femoral region in 37 cases (88.1%) and brachial region in 5 cases (11.9%). The complications were recorded as arterial thrombosis in 19 cases, pseudoaneurysm in 14 cases, hematoma in 5 cases, arteriovenous fistula in 2 cases, deformed stent stuck in 2 cases. Arterial injuries were treated by performing embolectomy in 16 cases, embolectomy and saphenous patch plasty in 3 cases, resection of pseudoaneurysm and PTFE patch plasty in 1 case, draining of hematoma and primary repair in 5 cases, primary repair of femoral arteriovenous fistula in 2 cases and removal of the deformed stent from femoral artery in 2 cases. RESULTS: The incidence of vascular complications was significantly higher in brachial interventions when compared with femoral interventions (p<0.0001). The postoperative morbidity was found as 14.3% in our cases. CONCLUSION: The early diagnosis and treatment are very important in peripheral vascular complications after cardiac interventions; otherwise, delay can cause loss of related extremity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The radio-opacity of surgical and radiological devices used in vivo: a test method for markers in surgical gauze.

Most radio-opaque markers used in surgical gauze contain barium sulphate, and a minimum percentage content of this is required to ensure an acceptable level of radio-opacity. When this minimum percentage is specified by Standards authorities, a suitable test method must be available to determine compliance. A new radiographic test method is presented which can be used to determine the barium sulphate content or equivalence to within 2% of compliance requirements. The method consists of immersing the marker in a solution of barium sulphate which is then radiographed. Compliance can be evaluated by inspection of the radiograph. The method was found to be virtually independent of x-ray energy, film-screen combination and thickness or shape of the test object. The method is also an appropriate test for any other material or object, such as vascular catheters used in radiology or small toys which pose an ingestion hazard.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1989

Peripheral venous nutrition in surgical patients: techniques, indications and results.

Peripheral venous nutrition (PVN) has been proposed to avoid complications resulting from central venous catheterization in surgical patients. Using lipid emulsions 3 standard diets (with final osmolarity not higher than 900 mOsm/1, non-protein calories from 1675 to 2177, electrolytes 110 mEq, Cal/N ratio from 130/1 to 170/1) were worked out. They are suitable for total nutrition of non-hypercatabolic patients and for nutritional postoperative maintenance of patients undergoing major digestive tract surgery. The three diets were tested in 118 patients. Frequency and type of phlebitis and the nutritional status before and after treatment were evaluated in patients submitted to PVN and in 2 groups of 10 patients who received S-D5W infusions and Protein Sparing Nutrition (N = 12.8 g, total Cal. = 690, electrolytes = 110 mEq, osmolarity = 493 mOsm/l, pH = 7) in the postoperative period. Frequency of phlebitis was significantly lower in PVN patients than in control groups. 15 day treatment did not increase the frequency of phlebitis. In medium-term treated patients the mean daily nitrogen balance was always positive. Perioperative PVN achieved a statistically significant reduction of nitrogen losses with respect to PSN and S-DSW infusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Superselective endo-vascular treatment of renal vascular lesions.

Embolization with platinum micro-coils delivered through the Tracker-18 micro-catheter was performed in 6 patients when peripheral selective catheterization with standard angiographic catheters was not possible. The patients had a total of 7 peripheral renal vascular lesions (3 arteriovenous fistulas, 2 false aneurysms, 1 direct vascular trauma and 1 arteriovenous malformation). In all patients we initially used platinum micro-coils as the embolic agent. Two patients required repeat embolization with glue. Endo-vascular treatment was technically successful in all cases and no complications were encountered. There was no renal parenchyma infarction in 3 patients and small peripheral infarctions (10 to 15% of the renal parenchyma) occurred in 3. Super selective endo-vascular treatment with a variable stiffness catheter is safe and useful technique when classical methods of embolization are not possible.

Adult↗