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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Contact dermatitis from hexamidine].

Twenty patients with contact dermatitis to hexamidine, a commonly used antiseptic solution are reported. They have been collected during a 7 months period, thus suggesting that this contact allergy is not infrequent. Hydroalcoholic solution applied on epidermless skin is most frequently responsible for the contact dermatitis. Clinical features are very peculiar with papular semi-spheric and papulo-vesicular lesions being more frequently seen than classical vesicular eczema lesions. Due to this peculiar aspect, contact dermatitis to hexamidine is frequently misdiagnosed. The delay between onset and diagnosis has been sometimes longer than one year. It is four months as a mean. Pathologic aspect of these lesions is unusual too: dermal vasculitis either lymphocytic or with pycnotic polymorphonuclear is the most frequent aspect (14 out of 23 histological sections). Epidermal spongiosis is infrequent (5 cases). Contact dermatitis has usually a long standing evolution despite removal of the allergen and topical cortico-steroid treatment. Patch-test to hexamidine are frequently followed by a worsening of cutaneous lesions. One case of anaphylaxis following patch-testing has been reported. Clinical and pathological features of this contact dermatitis, suggests that humoral immune mechanisms play a key-role in its pathogenesis.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed2003

Allergic contact dermatitis from a paper mill slimicide containing 2-bromo-4'-hydroxyacetophenone.

Slimicides are biocidal products used in paper mills to inhibit the proliferation of slime-forming microorganisms that would otherwise spoil the paper products. A laboratory technician working at a paper mill had recurring dermatitis related to contact with the slimicide Busan 1130. We report the first case of allergic contact dermatitis from the slimicide Busan 1130. Diagnostic patch testing was performed with solutions of Busan 1130 and its active ingredient, 2-bromo-4'-hydroxyacetophenone (BHAP). Twenty-five controls were also tested. The patient showed a ++ reaction to 0.1% Busan 1130 aqueous solution and 0.01% BHAP in ethanol. All controls were negative. The patient had recurrent allergic contact dermatitis from exposure to BHAP contained in the slimicide Busan 1130.

Acetophenones↗
PubMed2003

Systemic contact dermatitis to doxepin.

Although allergic contact dermatitis to topical preparations of doxepin has been published, systemic contact dermatitis from oral doxepin is more of a theoretical consideration and is rarely reported. We report a case of a patient with contact allergy to doxepin hydrochloride 5% cream who developed a systemic contact dermatitis to oral doxepin.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Contact dermatitis from a compound mixture of sugar and povidone-iodine.

2 patients with leg ulcers got worse after the application of a compound mixture of sugar and povidone-iodine (sugar/PI compound). Because they had been suffering from stasis dermatitis, symptoms of contact dermatitis were ambiguous. Patch tests showed positive reactions to 10% povidone-iodine in water and 5% potassium iodide in water, with no response to sugar. They were also tested with sugar/PI compound, containing 3% povidone-iodine, resulting in another positive reaction. They improved after the application of sugar/PI compound was discontinued. Contact dermatitis from topical agents should be considered as more probable than angry back syndrome in cases of leg ulcer.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Skin irritant reactivity following experimental cumulative irritant contact dermatitis.

Despite the frequency of irritant contact dermatitis, very little is known about the duration of barrier function impairment following cumulative irritant contact dermatitis. We studied post-irritation irritant reactivity by assessing the response to SLS irritation in previously irritated sites. Cumulative irritant contact dermatitis was induced on the forearms of 15 volunteers aged 18 to 50 years by repeated occluded application of 0.5% SLS 1 h per day over 3 weeks. 3, 6 and 9 weeks later, previously irritated and unirritated control sites were challenged with 2% SLS under occlusion for 23 h. Irritation was assessed by visual scoring, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) as an indicator of epidermal barrier function, and capacitance as a parameter of epidermal water content. While no difference in irritant reactivity between pre-irritated and unirritated sites was observed 3 weeks following irritant contact dermatitis, there was a significant hyporeactivity of previously irritated skin as expressed by clinical scores, TEWL and capacitance at 6 and 9 weeks. Our results indicate that epidermal barrier function remains altered even 9 weeks after cumulative irritant contact dermatitis. With regard to patch testing, post-irritation hyporeactivity might be a cause of false-negative tests on previously irritated sites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Allergic contact dermatitis in dentistry.

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in dentistry may affect dentists and orthodontists, technicians, nurses and patients. Changes to dental practice in recent years have altered the reported frequencies of allergens causing ACD in both dental personnel and patients. Allergic contact dermatitis to medicaments, metals and glutaraldehyde were previously common allergens in dentistry; however, widespread adoption of rubber gloves by staff has resulted in a significant increase in ACD to glove allergens in both dental staff and their patients, while affording protection against the traditional allergens. Both public concerns about potential toxicity of metals in oral restorations and a greater demand for cosmetic dentistry, have resulted in greater use of acrylics and resins by dental personnel, exposing them to highly allergenic materials. Dermatologists need to be aware of the newer allergenic materials used in dentistry in order to correctly manage skin diseases in this high-risk group.

Allergens↗
PubMed1994

Contact dermatitis from nitroglycerin.

Although contact dermatitis is cited among the side effects of topical application of nitroglycerin, in the majority of cases the reactions are caused by an irritant mechanism, and it is only rarely due to an allergic mechanism. We present two patients with allergic contact dermatitis and review the existing bibliography.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1976

Effects of vehicles and elicitation concentration in contact dermatitis testing. I. Experimental contact sensitization in humans.

A study was made to evaluate the effects of vehicle and challenge concentration on response of human subjects to potential allergens. In the vehicle studies the modified Draize test was used to test the response of subjects to cinnamic aldehyde and to costus oil, administered at two skin sites, in petrolatum and in 95% ethyl alcohol. In two tests of costus oil, alcohol proved to be more effective in eliciting a response than petrolatum; on the other hand, in one test with cinnamic aldehyde, no difference in results was obtained with these two vehicles. In the concentration studies, subjects known to be sensitive to the test substance were tested by the Al test with costus oil (three concentrations), chloracetamide (four concentrations), or thimerosal (three concentrations); petrolatum was used as the vehicle in each case. Results of the vehicle test showed no compelling reason for the selection of one vehicle rather than another. Results of the concentration tests indicated that concentration does have an effect on the intensity and frequency of reactions to potential allergens.

Acetamides↗
PubMed2003

Nickel-elicited systemic contact dermatitis.

20 patients with systemic contact dermatitis due to nickel are described. Of these patients, 15 were female and 5 were male. Their mean age was 24.8 years (16-51 years). All had experienced contact dermatitis in the umbilical area due to continual contact with metal belt-buckles or buttons. Then, with long- or short-term aggravation of such periumbilical dermatitis, commonly in summer, lesions spread to other sites such as the side of the neck, the flexures of the extremities, etc. All patients showed a positive patch test to nickel sulphate (2.5% in petrolatum) and the dimethylglyoxime test demonstrated the presence of free nickel on metal buttons or belt-buckles. Punch biopsies performed in 7 patients showed subacute dermatitis. After avoidance of continual exposure to objects containing nickel and foods rich in nickel, as well as treatment with oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids, all patients improved or cleared. It has been reported that nickel can cause systemic contact dermatitis by some internal systemic route, such as oral intake, transfusion, inhalation, implantation of metal medical devices, etc. In our patients, we found that continual local skin contact could also elicit systemic contact dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Contact dermatitis to topical antiviral drugs].

BACKGROUND: Topical antiviral drugs are frequently used. Repeated applications on a skin injured by the viral infection can lead to irritating dermatitis or contact eczema. This secondary effect is often unrecognized because imputed to an increase of the initial dermatosis. CASES REPORTS: Case 1 - A 58 year-old woman had an eczema around the mouth after the use of Zovirax(R) cream (acyclovir). The patch test with this cream was positive (++ at 96 h) but the detail of all the constituents was negative. Case 2 - A 39 year-old woman had an eczema surrounding the mouth after each use of Zovirax(R) cream and Cuterpes(R) (ibacitabin). The patch tests were doubtful for Zovirax(R) cream, positive for Cuterpes(R) (++ at 96 h) and ibacitabin 1 p. 100 and 10 p. 100 in petrolatum (++ at 96 h). Case 3 - A 58 year-old man had an acute eczema of the face after the use of Zovirax(R) cream and Vira-MP(R) (vidarabin phosphate). The patch tests were positive for the both antiviral topical drugs but negative for each one of their constituents. DISCUSSION: Contact dermatitis to antiviral topical drugs are rare, due to active molecule or its excipients. The propyleneglycol, component found in the three antiviral drugs, can induce irritation or allergy. In the most of cases, like in our case number 1 and 3, the patch tests with each constituents of the topical drugs were negative, we conclude to a compound allergy.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1997

Allergic contact dermatitis from aromatherapy.

Allergic contact dermatitis secondary to aromatherapy has been only rarely reported. We present 39-year-old woman who had used aromatherapy products for approximately 2 to 3 years who presented with an erythematous eruption on her face and chest. Patch testing showed a positive reaction to neomycin and fragrance mix. On cessation of her aromatherapy products, her eruption rapidly resolved. Aromatherapy products containing essential oils may need to be considered as a cause of allergic contact dermatitis because of the increasing popularity of this treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Nickel-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells display distinct migratory responses to chemokines produced during allergic contact dermatitis.

Development of allergic contact dermatitis to haptens depends upon a balance between CD8(+) T lymphocytes with pathogenic activity and CD4(+) T cells, which comprise both effector and regulatory cells. Thus, differential recruitment of CD8(+) and CD4(+) lymphocytes to sites of hapten challenge may have considerable impact on disease expression. Here the migration of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen+, nickel-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cell lines were compared with a panel of chemokines produced in the skin during allergic contact dermatitis. CCL17/TARC and CCL22/MDC induced a 3-fold higher migration of CD4(+) compared with CD8(+) lymphocytes. In contrast, CXCL10/IP-10 was 2-fold more potent in attracting CD8(+) cells. These findings were consistent with the higher expression of CCR4 and CXCR3 on CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell lines, respectively. Moreover, CCR4 expression was high on nickel-specific T helper 2, intermediate on T helper 1 and T cytotoxic 2, and almost undetectable on T cytotoxic 1 clones. On the contrary, CXCR3 was expressed by T cytotoxic 1 and 2 and T helper 1, but not T helper 2 clones. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the skin before and after hapten challenge revealed the constitutive presence of TARC, and the early appearance of CCL2/MCP-1, followed by IP-10, CCL4/MIP-1beta, and MDC mRNA. Supernatants from activated keratinocytes induced a strong migration of CD8(+) lymphocytes, which was blocked by neutralization of IP-10. Conversely, supernatants from immature and mature dendritic cells attracted mostly CD4(+) lymphocytes in a TARC- and MDC-dependent manner. Our data indicate that distinct chemokines and cell types control the accumulation of CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells within inflamed skin.

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed2005

[Contact dermatitis from Agave americana].

Numerous plant species and their derivatives can cause skin reactions through a variety of mechanisms: irritative contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, contact urticaria and photodermatitis. We present a case of irritative contact dermatitis after exposure to the sap of Agave americana. The skin symptoms in this case have only been described on rare occasions; although this condition usually presents with a papulovesicular rash, in this patient it appeared as purpuric lesions in the contact area.

Agave↗