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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Directly placed esthetic restorative materials--the continuum.

Because new restorative materials have had little clinical testing, it is difficult to make specific material recommendations for the esthetic restoration of carious teeth. Although fluoride-releasing materials have long been used successfully to restore carious teeth, little clinical documentation has been presented to support their use to inhibit recurrent caries, and their use as an effective restorative material may be questioned. Glass ionomers, compomers, and resin-modified glass ionomers are esthetic fluoride-releasing materials designed to restore teeth by bonding to tooth structure. This article describes the continuum of directly placed esthetic dental restorative materials, the efficacy of amalgam replacement restorative materials, and the role that fluoride-releasing materials may play in the inhibition of recurrent caries in vitro and in vivo.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed2003

Effect of prophylactic treatments on the superficial roughness of dental tissues and of two esthetic restorative materials.

Dental prophylaxis is a common way to remove dental plaque and stain, both undesirable factors in most dentistry procedures. However, besides cleaning the tooth surface, prophylactic techniques may increase the surface roughness of restorations and dental tissues, which, in turn, may result in plaque accumulation, superficial staining and superficial degradation. This study evaluated the effect of three prophylactic techniques--sodium bicarbonate jet, pumice paste and whiting paste--on the superficial roughness of two restorative materials--a composite resin and a compomer--and on the superficial roughness of two dental surfaces--enamel and cementum/dentin--through rugosimetric and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Statistical analysis of the rugosimetric data showed that the use of pumice paste on enamel produced a significantly smoother surface than the natural surface. However, comparing the effect of the three techniques, prophylaxis with the pumice paste produced a rougher surface than did the other techniques as regards enamel and cementum/dentin probably due to its abrasiveness. On composite resin, the pumice paste only produced a rougher surface than did the whiting paste. On compomer, all of the applied treatments produced similar results. Based on rugosimetric and SEM analysis, we could conclude that the prophylactic treatments employed did not improve roughness of the studied surfaces. As to the effects of the techniques, they were different depending on the surfaces on which the prophylactic treatments were applied.

Compomers↗
PubMed2007

Combined effect of staining substances on the discoloration of esthetic Class V dental restorative materials.

The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of an organic substance (mucin as a substitute for salivary organic substances), chlorhexidine, and an iron compound/tea solution on the changes in the color of esthetic Class V dental restorative materials. Color of a glass ionomer, resin-modified glass ionomer, compomer and flowable resin composite of A2 shade, respectively, was determined according to the CIELAB color scale relative to the standard illuminant D65. Color was measured at baseline, and after sequential immersion in the following substances: Step-1, mucin in PBS (MCP) for 48 h; Step-2, chlorhexidine (CHX) for 24 h; Step-3, iron compound (IRN) or tea solution (TEA) up to 7 days; and Step-4, ultrasonic cleaning for 1 h. Color change (DeltaE(ab )*) was calculated by the equation: DeltaE(ab)* = [(DeltaL*)(2) + (Deltaa*)(2) + (Deltab*)(2)](1/2), of which DeltaL(*) indicates changes in value, Deltaa(*) indicates changes in red-green parameter and Deltab(*) indicates changes in yellow-blue parameter. DeltaE(ab)* values after immersion in MCP and CHX were compared, and DeltaE(ab)* values after immersion in IRN or TEA, and subsequent ultrasonic cleaning were compared with respect to the restorative material and immersion substance. DeltaE(ab)* and changes in the color parameters (DeltaL(*), DeltaC(ab)* and DeltaH(ab)*) were analyzed by repeated measures, analysis of variance and a post-hoc test at the 0.05 level of significance. Color changes after immersion in MCP were acceptable (DeltaE(ab)* < 3.3), and those after immersion in CHX were generally acceptable. The range of DeltaE(ab)* values after immersion in IRN was 3.1-19.6, and that after ultrasonic cleaning was 2.4-9.6. The range of DeltaE(ab)* values after immersion in TEA was 10.7-21.1, and that after ultrasonic cleaning was 11.9-14.5. Color changes of four Class V restorative materials after combined treatment with mucin, chlorhexidine and an iron compound/tea solution were not acceptable. Colors did not recover to their original values after ultrasonic cleaning. Modifications on the surface of a restoration should be considered to reduce stain accumulation.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1996

Esthetics: patients' perceptions of dental attractiveness.

PURPOSE: The importance of dentofacial attractiveness to the psychosocial well-being of an individual has been well established. Very little information is available regarding dental patient perceptions of a pleasing esthetic image. The purpose of this study was to identify factors distinctive to attractive smiles versus unattractive smiles, as perceived by patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Standardized format photographs (5 x 7 in, matte finish, at f-32 and 1:2 magnification) of eight male and eight female smiles, framing only lips and teeth, were viewed by 297 subjects. The smiles exhibited differences in symmetry, tooth shade, number of teeth displayed, and height of maxillary lip line, and included both restored and unrestored teeth. Respondents ranked the photographs in order from most to least appealing appearance. Respondents viewed each series of photographs in a similar lighting and time period. A questionnaire identified the respondent's age, sex, race, education, income, and home town. Twenty-five demographic groups were established from the information in the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using stepwise discriminant analysis to determine the combination of smile characteristics that best predicted the ranking. RESULTS: The same female smile was chosen as the most attractive by 24 of the 25 demographic groups. This smile is characterized by natural teeth having light shade, high lip line, a large display of teeth, and radiating symmetry. Two female smiles typified by darker shade and asymmetry were rated by all groups as being least attractive. Two male smiles were judged equal as the most pleasing esthetically. Respondents favored those smiles characterized by light shade, a moderate display of teeth, moderate lip line, and a symmetrical arrangement of teeth. One male smile characterized by darker shade was rated as least attractive. CONCLUSIONS: In all cases, tooth shade was the most important factor, followed in sequence by unrestored natural teeth and number of teeth displayed. No correlation was found to exist between specific demographic groups and smile variables.

Color↗
PubMed1997

The influence of various fluoride exposures on the prevalence of esthetic problems resulting from dental fluorosis.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine the prevalence of esthetic problems due to dental fluorosis, and determine the relationship of different fluoride exposure histories to the occurrence of these problems. METHODS: In 1993-94 2,715 children in grades 2 and 3 and 3,297 adolescents in grades 8 and 9 were examined by four dentists. Questionnaires detailing exposures to various fluoride technologies were collected from 3,022 of these study participants. Esthetic ratings of the participants' maxillary anterior teeth were made by the examiners, the participants themselves, and their parents using questionnaires designed for this purpose. RESULTS: Data indicate that 46 percent of the participants had dental fluorosis. Only 40 percent had fluorosis on anterior maxillary teeth. The prevalence of esthetic problems ranged from about 1 percent to 4 percent, depending on how an esthetic problem was defined. Esthetic problems as defined by the participant were more prevalent for the "over 11" age group. Logistic regression results demonstrated significant associations between several of the classifications of esthetic problems and the use of fluoride supplements and dentifrices, and exposure to fluoridated water during the third year of life. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the prevalence of esthetic problems is low in the communities surveyed, and that exposure to any number of fluoride technologies in the third year of life can increase a child's risk for this problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Communicating patients' esthetic needs to the dental laboratory.

A visual aid in the form of a lined transparent plastic screen is attached to an earbow type of facebow and placed on the face. The screen can be adjusted to several horizontal tilts from the horizontal aspect in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The screen helps the dentist visualize horizontal and vertical facial characteristics that facilitate alignment of anterior restorations. This information can be sent to the laboratory, which can interpret the data with a smaller version of the adjustable screen.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teaching esthetics.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Education, Dental↗
PubMed1989

Changing trends of dental restorative materials.

Esthetic dentistry evolved through advancements in dental materials and techniques. This article cites these trends, particularly the adhesive systems such as dentin bonding agents and polyacrylic acid based materials. In particular, the expanding role of glass ionomer cements is explored with attention to the various formulations and manipulative factors that influence performance. Also, a classification system for composite resins is offered with suggestions for proper selection.

Acrylic Resins↗