SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “HYDROCYANIC ACID”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of pyrolysis products of polypropylene plastic on the defence mechanisms of the respiratory system (author's transl)].

Since the use of plastic materials, a change in the pathology of fire victims has been observed. We studied the effects of a single short-term inhalation (30 min) of a sub-lethal dose of polypropylene pyrolysis products (one LD-0). Including control and test animals, 66 rats and 112 mice were used. The exposure provoked disturbances in the antixenic defense mechanisms of the respiratory system, chiefly in tracheo-bronchial defenses, since we observed a lowering of ciliary activity of 35 to 78% in test animals exposed a few hours before, compared with the controls. These changes provoked a significant increase in death-rate of test animals, following experimental airborne infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae. The combustion products of polypropylene plastic materials did not contain hydrocyanic acid nor hydrochloric acid, and neither the temperature of the inhaled air, nor the concentration of carbon monoxide could explain these effects. On the contrary, we can suspect the well known irritative properties of aldehyde compounds formed during smoldering combustion of polypropylene.

Air Microbiology↗

PubMed1997

Hydroxynitrile lyase from Hevea brasiliensis: molecular characterization and mechanism of enzyme catalysis.

(S)-Hydroxynitrile lyase (Hnl) from the tropical rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis is a 29 kDa single chain protein that catalyses the breakdown or formation of a C--C bond by reversible addition of hydrocyanic acid to aldehydes or ketones. The primary sequence of Hnl has no significant homology to known proteins. Detailed homology investigations employing PROFILESEARCH and secondary structure prediction algorithms suggest that Hnl is a member of the alpha/beta hydrolase fold protein family and contains a catalytic triad as functional residues for catalysis. The significance of predicted catalytic residues was tested and confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis and expression of mutant and wild-type proteins in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Based on these data we suggest a mechanistic model for the (S)-cyanohydrin synthesis catalyzed by hydroxynitrile lyase from Hevea brasiliensis.

Aldehyde-Lyases↗

PubMed1975

[Pulmonary edema due to inhalation of gas and vapors].

In 1975, France will have manufactured 3.2 million tons of plastic materials which by pyrolysis, liberate chlorine, methyl chloride, hydrocyanic acid, hydrofluoric acid and other toxic gases. Now these materials are burnt in fires in "modern", buildings or vehicles , associated with fats (acrolein) and other gases and toxic industrial or household fumes which attack the lung. At sufficient dosage these agressive agents have first of all a "suffocating" action when in case of survival, a caustic and corrosive action. Pulmonary edema of the lesional type is met with at two stages in these cases. They are due to a direct action on the bronchial epithelium and an indirect action by disturbance of surfactant metabolism. It is an edema which is interstitial above all, and secondarily endo-alveolar. Study of the clinical, radiological, bronchoscopic and hemodynamic symptomatology. Differential diagnosis is not always easy. The possibility of burns of the respiratory pathways, blast, must be looked at. These elements can moreover be associated with lesions due to toxic inhalation. In case of survival the course is one of fibrosis with a restrictive syndrome.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMedDate not supplied