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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Creating and indexing teaching files from free-text patient reports.

Teaching files based on real patient data can enhance the education of students, staff and other colleagues. Although information retrieval system can index free-text documents using keywords, these systems do not work well where content bearing terms (e.g., anatomy descriptions) frequently appears. This paper describes a system that uses multi-word indexing terms to provide access to free-text patient reports. The utilization of multi-word indexing allows better modeling of the content of medical reports, thus improving retrieval performance. The method used to select indexing terms as well as early evaluation of retrieval performance is discussed.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1999

An information retrieval service to support clinical decision-making at the point of care.

The information retrieval systems currently available in general practice, such as Medline, and web search engines are passive and relatively difficult to access during consultations. Emergent technologies, including the National Electronic Library for Health, offer opportunities for more active decision support. We examine the extent to which information retrieval could support primary care consultations by examining the impact of the new technology at different stages of the consultation. We advocate a system whereby professional organisations concerned with quality of care, such as the Royal College of General Practitioners, might contribute the the process.

Decision Support Systems, Clinical↗
PubMed2000

What's related? Generalizing approaches to related articles in medicine.

INTRODUCTION: We did formative evaluations of several variations to the computation of related articles for non-bibliographic resources in the medical domain. METHODS: A binary model and several variations of the vector space model were used to measure similarity between documents. Two corpora were studied, using a human expert as the gold standard. RESULTS: Variations in term weights and stopword choices made little difference to performance. Performance was worse when documents were characterized by title words alone or by MeSH terms extracted from document references. DISCUSSION: Further studies are needed to evaluate these methods in medical information retrieval systems.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

Is there an evidence-based practice for burns?

Doubts and questions about clinical decision making need to be answered. Evidence-based medicine aims to provide answers by systematically finding information from the vast assortment of research papers in the literature and bringing it together to use in everyday practice and in the best interests of the patient. Although clinical (and experimental) studies have a variety of methodologies, ranging from small descriptive studies to large multi-centre trials all are vital in describing or posing questions about the array of responses elicited when human beings are burned and subsequently treated. When it comes to treatment (be it a drug, a dressing, an enteral feed for example) the 'gold standard' for establishing whether it is effective is the randomized controlled trial (RCT). Using contemporary information retrieval systems and the numerous establishments set up to help track down information of research in medicine relevant to health practice and policy the numbers of RCTs, systematic reviews and meta-analyses of burn care have been established. Whilst the numbers of RCTs are increasing there is little evidence that burn care is an evidence-based practice.

Bandages↗
PubMed1983

A microcomputer-based information storage and retrieval system for the maintenance of records for a culture collection.

A microcomputer-based system for the storage and retrieval of information on strains in a culture collection is described. The system was designed around commercially available software packages written for microcomputers. Two additional programs were written using the BASIC language to allow a catalogue of the culture collection to be printed in a specific format. The details of each strain in the collection were stored on a floppy disc. Details of new strains were added to this database and information relating to existing cultures was modified or, where necessary, deleted from the collection. The database can be searched to supply details of a particular culture or to identify those cultures which possess certain attributes. The records for the whole collection were sorted alphabetically by species name, and numerically by accession number, and a word-processing package was used to print a catalogue of the culture collection.

Bacteriology↗
PubMed1989

Small-area census data services by microcomputer: applications of REDATAM system in Latin America.

The authors describe a data retrieval system called REDATAM, Retrieval of Data for Small Area by Microcomputer. "The interactive REDATAM system, in English and Spanish versions, was created to solve the problem of providing small-area population and housing information by using an IBM or fully compatible microcomputer to store the microdata of an entire census on a hard disk (or laser disks for larger countries) and to permit any tabulation to be produced rapidly for any area down to city blocks or smaller....REDATAM may play an important role in the 1990 censuses in the Latin American and Caribbean countries since the system will permit the provision of timely small-area services (and at the national level in the Caribbean countries) before, as well as after, the regular data processing and publication of results are ready."

Americas↗
PubMed1994

Towards new measures of information retrieval evaluation.

All of the methods currently used to assess information retrieval (IR) systems have limitations in their ability to measure how well users are able to acquire information. We utilized a new approach to assessing information obtained, based on a short-answer test given to senior medical students. Students took the ten-question test and then searched one of two IR systems on the five questions for which they were least certain of their answer Our results showed that pre-searching scores on the test were low but that searching yielded a high proportion of answers with both systems. These methods are able to measure information obtained, and will be used in subsequent studies to assess differences among IR systems.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed2000

[Information and retrieval diagnostic system for inherited metabolic diseases].

The paper analyzes a procedure for construction and practical use of an information and retrieval diagnostic system (IRDS) for inherited metabolic diseases (IMD) in the context of an automatic working place for consulting genetics. An IRDS structure for IMD is proposed, which involves the following functional elements: 1) a genetic register; 2) an inherited metabolic disease database (IMDD); 3) a special module for searching for the probable range of diagnoses; 4) an archive; 5) a special model for statistical analysis of the clinical polymorphism of IMD. The full insight into each nosological entity (n = 316) as part of IMD IRDS is gained by using a set of catalogues, such as a catalogue IMD classes (n = 22), that of IMD clinical symptoms and signs (n = 1215); that of IMD biochemical markers (n = 934); a list of all symptoms and signs for each nosological entity; that of major diagnostic signs for each nosological entity. The clinical picture is described within the framework of the unified structure that includes the following set of items: the textual description of the clinical picture of a disease in terms of major diagnostic signs, etiology, genetics, pathogenesis, a biochemical phenotype, paraclinical studies, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. The system is provided with a simple and user-friendly interface that allows a user to have a prompt look at the data pertaining to each nosological entity, to find required references by employing multiple keys of data search, sort, and printing.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗
PubMed1992

[Hybridoma Data Bank (HDB)].

A Hybridoma Data Bank (HDB) has been developed with the collaboration of ATCC (USA), Cerdic (Europe) and RIKEN (Japan). The database holds more than 23000 records of the monoclonal antibodies. HDB is designed to meet diverse research requirements. HDB describes the development, isotype, specificity, applications, availability and literature citations for an individual monoclonal antibody. The World Data Center (WDC) at RIKEN in Japan is currently giving users' access to HDB on INTERNET, packet switching system and telephone line. The procedures for access to WDC and the interactive information retrieval system in WDC are introduced. The extraction of HDB data to create the visual table, showing reactivity patterns of monoclonal antibodies, are also shown, as an example of intelligent usage of HDB.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1998

Review of biomedical knowledge and data representation with conceptual graphs.

The basis of conceptual graphs theory is an ontology of types of concepts. Concepts issued from the ontology are interlinked by semantic relationships and constitute canonical conceptual graphs. Canonical graphs may be combined to derive new conceptual graphs by means of formation rules. This formalism allows to separate knowledge representation into a conceptual level and a domain-dependent level, and enables to share and reuse a representation. This paper presents conceptual graph applications to biomedical data and concept representation, classification systems, information retrieval, and natural language understanding and processing. A discussion on the unifying role conceptual graphs theory plays in the implementation of knowledge-based systems is also presented.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed2000

Knowledge acquisition, management and representation for the diagnostic support in human inborn errors of metabolism.

The very complex and specific knowledge about inborn errors of metabolism increases rapidly and is spread worldwide. Therefore an Internet platform for the acquisition of statistical knowledge (PATDB) and for the collection of the experience of experts (Metabolic diseases database) has been established. The success of diagnostic support highly depends on the way of knowledge representation. An information retrieval system for physicians will offer first insights about useful user interfaces and handling properties. Furthermore information fusion of biomedical systems to a Biomedical Workbench for the simulation of biochemical reactions is described.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1970

Vision information center: a user-oriented data base.

In response to the information needs of scientists and physicians who work in the field of vision, we have developed a direct-access, on-line specialized information retrieval system which combines computer-assisted instruction and bibliographic retrieval. An essential feature of the system is its accessibility via remote computer terminal. The key to the data base is a thesaurus which contains specific terminology arranged in a hierarchical structure. The thesaurus is used both for indexing the literature and for retrieving the information stored in the computer. Courses of instruction on selected subjects in ophthalmology have been programmed and form part of the data base. A search of the literature retrieval system by single subject, or by a combination of several subjects chosen from the thesaurus, retrieves the appropriate bibliographic citations. The response to the service offered by the Vision Information Center indicates that the center should expand its facilities to satisfy the needs of its clients.

Boston↗
PubMed1995

Information retrieval in medicine: the SAPHIRE experience.

Information retrieval systems are proliferating in biomedical settings, but many problems in indexing, retrieval, and evaluation of systems continue to exist. The SAPHIRE Project was undertaken to seek solutions to these problems. This paper summarizes the evaluation studies that have been done with SAPHIRE, highlighting the lessons learned and laying out the challenges ahead to all medical information retrieval efforts.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1992

SCOUT: information retrieval from full-text medical literature.

SCOUT is an expert system designed to aid the practicing physician in searching a full-text database of biomedical literature for information in the domain of oncology. In the clinical setting, an information-retrieval system needs to provide only a few relevant documents that address a patient-specific query. SCOUT models the expertise of an oncologist and an information specialist in a probabilistic inference system; it applies expert heuristics both in selecting the best source of information for a particular question and in developing an effective, source-specific search statement that retrieves only a minimal number of pertinent documents.

Expert Systems↗
PubMed2002

Information retrieval on the Internet: a guide for dental practitioners.

The Internet is not designed for efficient information retrieval. Searchers experience difficulties when trying to find information quickly. Once they find the information, they often cannot assess the validity of the information or its origin. Various Internet search engines and information retrieval systems try to facilitate this process to make the searching more efficient. Searchers use these services, which are usually free, to satisfy their information needs. Knowing when to use which search engine and how to use it is crucial to finding the right information in a timely fashion.

Algorithms↗