PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Lactose Tolerance Test”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Beja and Nilotes: nomadic pastoralist groups in the Sudan with opposite distributions of the adult lactase phenotypes.

Lactose tolerance tests with breath hydrogen determination were performed on 585 apparently healthy adolescents and adults in the Democratic Republic of the Sudan. Out of the total, 303 probands belong to the tribal group Beja, traditional nomadic pastoralists in the desert zone between the Nile and the Red Sea. The 282 Nilotes (mainly Dinka) are members of seminomadic cattle breeding tribes in the south of the Sudan. In both populations milk consumption is substantial but only in the Beja true milk dependence, sufficient to result in selective pressures in favour of the lactase persistence allele, is likely to exist. The proportion of lactose malabsorbers was 16.8% in the Beja and 74.5% in the Nilotes. The high prevalence of lactose malabsorption among the Nilotes fits into a converging gradient of lactase gene frequencies along the Nile Valley. The Beja are the first nomadic desert population in North Africa in whom a high prevalence of lactase persistence has been demonstrated on a numerically sufficient sample.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Galactose absorption after oral administration of lactose in neonates.

1. A lactose tolerance test was performed in infants and children. The majority of the infants showed a good response with serum glucose elevations, while there were poor responders among children more than 2 years old. During this test, serum galactose usually was nondetectable, even in the good responders. 2. After simultaneous loading with a constant amount of galactose and varying amounts of glucose in neonates, the degree of elevation of serum galactose levels decreased with increasing amounts of glucose, and loading with equal amounts of galactose and glucose resulted in no elevation of serum galactose levels. 3. In a 6-year-old galactosemic child, serum galactose levels were markedly and continuously elevated after lactose loading. 4. After galactose loading with simultaneous intravenous glucose loading in neonates, elevation of serum galactose was markedly suppressed, as compared with that after galactose loading alone, while it was higher than that after oral loading with the equal doses of galactose and glucose. From the above, the fact that no increase was observed in serum galactose concentration when lactose was loaded orally in neonates is ascribable partially to inhibited absorption of galactose by glucose in the intestine but in the most part to accelerated metabolism of galactose by the glucose absorbed.

Absorption↗
PubMed1987

Differences between lactase deficient and non-lactase deficient women with spinal osteoporosis.

Both osteoporosis and lactase deficiency are seen commonly in the United States. Since the latter may lead to avoidance of calcium sources and may exacerbate the bone disease in populations at risk, we studied lactose tolerance and histomorphometrically analyzed undecalcified transiliac bone biopsies in a consecutive group of postmenopausal women with the osteoporotic spinal compression fracture syndrome. Oral lactose tolerance tests prior to the biopsy clearly separated two groups. Sixty-five percent had abnormal test results. The bone biopsies in the lactase deficient group showed more osteoid volume and osteoid seam widths on examined trabecular bone. Analysis of tetracycline-labeled bone revealed significant increases in both single, double, combined single and double tetracycline labels, and the percent osteoid labeled with tetracycline. There was no difference in the calcification rates. These findings indicate different mineralization activity in lactase deficient patients, possibly reflecting their lower dietary calcium intake.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

[Milk intolerance, lactose intolerance and lactase deficiency in partial resection of the stomach].

Of 40 patients with a partial gastrectomy (Billroth-II) 10 developed a milk intolerance and 11 had a lactase deficiency, the latter in 4 cases appearing together with a decrease in other disaccharidases. Only 2 of the 11 lactase-deficient patients complained of milk intolerance. The Ethanol lactose tolerance test (ELTT) was performed in 21 patients and was found to be abnormal in 6. Whereas cases of abnormal ELTT usually (4 of 6 cases) showed a lactase deficiency, only 2 patients with milk intolerance showed an abnormal ELTT and lactase deficiency. Milk intolerance can therefore only exceptionally be explained by lactase deficiency, and lack of lactase in the upper jejunum usually does not produce intolerance symptoms. Moreover, in comparable determinations from the afferent and efferent jejunal loop no differences in enzyme activities could be observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

What is behind dyspepsia?

The first aim of the present study was to determine the cause of dyspepsia after negative conventional diagnostic work-up. In such patients, an extended diagnostic work-up was performed including esophageal pH monitoring and manometry, gastric and hepatobiliary scintigraphy, and lactose tolerance test. In 88 of 220 dyspeptic patients (mean age 49 years, range 17-87; 114 women) presenting to our gastroenterological outpatient department, a cause for dyspepsia was found by conventional work-up. Thirty-one of the remaining patients did not enter extended work-up because of minor symptoms. In 47 of 101 patients entering extended work-up, a diagnosis was established (21 endoscopy-negative gastroesophageal reflux disease, 11 gastric stasis, 6 biliary dyskinesia, and 5 lactase deficiency among them). A second aim of the study was to determine whether clusters of symptoms such as "gastroesophageal reflux-like," "dysmotility-like," and "dyspepsia of unknown origin" reliably predict the groups of diseases suggested by these terms. This was not the case. In conclusion, in 40% of dyspeptic patients, a conventional diagnostic work-up led to a diagnosis that explained a patient's symptoms. After a negative conventional diagnostic work-up, an extended diagnostic work-up with functional tests yielded a possible explanation for their symptoms in 47% of patients. In such patients symptomatology was of little help for predicting the diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The enzymology of intestinal disease.

The role of enzyme estimations is reviewed. Serum levels of most enzymes do not alter significantly in intestinal diseases because dying mucosal cells slough off into the lumen. Similarly, biopsy material may provide misleading results because of lack of homogeneity between diseased and normal segments of bowel, whether in inflammatory or neoplastic conditions. Lactase deficiency is the most common intestinal enzyme deficiency. The once popular lactose tolerance test is lately giving way to the breath hydrogen test, which generally reflects unabsorbed carbohydrate reaching the colon. This test and its clinical usefulness are reviewed in some detail, and the use of lactulose as an indicator of intestinal transit is also discussed.

Breath Tests↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vestibular disorders caused by defective enzyme mechanisms in the small intestine.

A group of patients suffering from long periods of unsteadiness and presenting hyperreflexia in response to torsion swing and/or caloric stimulations were found to have abnormal results in glucose and lactose tolerance tests, but normal or reduced insulin liberation. Biopsies of the jejunal mucosa have shown abnormal enzyme activity or deficiencies in transport mechanisms. The use of a diet suited to each specific deficiency resulted in a high percentage of relief from the vestibular symptoms of these patients.

Disaccharidases↗
PubMed1975

Dermatitis herpetiformis and small intestinal lesion--no strict association in german patients.

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) has been reported to be associated with various degrees of intestinal villous atrophy in 19 to 68 percent of the cases studied. This was true particularly in British and American populations. The present investigation deals with morphological and functional characteristics of small intestinal mucosa in a group of German DH patients (n=16): No case of villous atrophy could be detected, whereas interepithelial lymphocytes were shown to be slightly but significantly elevated. Intestinal disaccharidase activities were not statistically different from those of healthy control subjects, and oral lactose tolerance tests were normal in each of 8 patients tested. Genetical and immunological differences between our DH patients and those studied by British and American authors may be responsible for the basically different results as to "dermatogenic enteropathy".

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Some aspects of the allergy to cow's milk. Morphological alterations of the jejunal mucosa.

Forty-four patients were studied at the Allergology and Pediatric Outpatient Services of the "Centro Habana" Pediatric Hospital. Allergy to cow's milk was demonstrated in these children by means of a detailed medical history, suppression diet and reexposition, lactose tolerance test, intradermal skin tests with casein extracts and the remaining proteins of cow's milk; finally, a careful study of the jejunal mucosas by means of biopsy was carried out, according to Townley and Barnes' method with a Crosby capsule. The skin reactivity was evident in children with allergy to cow's milk with tested extracts, mainly casein; in the control group this result was scarce or nil. Likewise, it was verified that there are morphological changes in the jejunal mucosa of children with allergy to cow's milk; these changes consist of partial atrophy of the villi, increase in the cell-infiltrate of the lamina propria and patchy areas. Our results are compared with the studies carried out by other authors and were statistically assessed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Strongyloides stercoralis-like infection in a dog.

Helminths similar to Strongyloides stercoralis were recovered from the jejunum and ileum of a 6-month-old Boston Terrier that was shedding unusually large eggs, both unembryonated and embryonated, as well as first-stage larvae in fresh feces. Clinical signs included stunting, mucoid and blood-flecked feces, radiographic evidence of diffuse interstitial pulmonary infiltrate, focal dermatitis, and anemia. Decreased intestinal absorption of carbohydrate was found by means of the oral glucose and oral lactose tolerance tests. Serum protein and calcium values were decreased. At necropsy, histopathologic findings included uneven crypt hyperplasia and mild inflammation in the ileum and jejunum, diffuse interstitial pulmonary inflammation, Kupffer's cell hyperplasia in the liver, and generalized lymph node hyperplasia.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Lactose and milk intolerance: clinical implications.

We studied 166 hospitalized male patients to determine the clinical importance of tolerance-test-determined "lactose intolerance," assumed to affect most of the world's adults. Abnormal lactose tolerance tests were found in 81% of 98 blacks, 12% of 59 whites of Scandinavian or Northwestern European extraction, and three of nine non-European whites. Seventy-two per cent of the "lactose-intolerant" subjects had previously realized that milk drinking could induce abdominal and bowel symptoms. Two hundred and forty milliliters of low-fat milk produced gaseousness or cramps in 59% of 44 "lactose-intolerant" men, and 68% were symptomatic with the equivalent amount of lactose. None of 18 "lactose-tolerant" men noted symptoms with milk or lactose. Refusal to drink 240 ml of low-fat milk served with meals correlated significantly with "lactose-intolerance": 31.4% versus 12.9% among "lactose-tolerant" patients. "Lactose intolerance" is common in adults and is a clinically relevant problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Lactose intolerance in adults (author's transl)].

A study on the lactose intolerance of adults was carried out through dietary survey, clinical data and tolerance tests. It was performed in 24 healthy persons, aged 19 to 39 years. Only one of the participants referred milk intolerance since childhood. Eleven of the 24 adults had signs of lactose intolerance through clinical symptoms and/or low increase of blood sugar after the load test. It was noteworthy that the majority of the intolerants were white people. It is discussed the practical importance of these lactose tolerance tests as an index of milk tolerance, considering the high recommended amount of lactose used in the tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Prediction of lactose malabsorption in referral patients.

Two hundred forty-two patients referred for various gastrointestinal complaints were evaluated for clinical parameters that would predict findings of lactose malabsorption. Breath hydrogen and blood glucose lactose tests were performed after ingestion of 50 g lactose. Presenting complaints, duration of symptoms, and patient demographics such as age, sex, and ethnic heritage were not different between lactose malabsorbers and absorbers as defined by the breath hydrogen lactose test. Food-related symptoms in general and after specific foods such as milk, ice cream, cheese, and yogurt were also similar between groups. Prior to testing, 30% of malabsorbers (N = 161) and 36% of absorbers (N = 81) reported lactose-related symptoms (P = NS). The blood glucose response to lactose was abnormal in 60% of malabsorbers and 15% of absorbers. This study confirmed our impression that it is difficult to predict lactose absorption status by clinical parameters. The majority of our lactose malabsorber patients were unaware of lactose-associated symptoms. Furthermore, symptom assessment, demographics, food history, and blood glucose testing did not predict abnormal hydrogen responses to lactose.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tolerance tests in the diagnosis of mono- and disaccharides malabsorption in children].

The carbohydrate tolerance test is a very common method employed in the diagnosis of carbohydrate malabsorption, despite the possibility of some pitfalls in its interpretation. There are some factors, namely, the omission of the 15 minute blood sample, slow gastric emptying, malnutrition and venous blood sampling, that can condition the characterization of false positive intolerance. We studied 177 curves performed in 110 children during a 4 year period, and we observed that: a) the highest peak level occurred at 15 minutes in 57,3% of the tolerance tests; b) if the 15 minutes sample was not obtained it resulted in 28% of false positive intolerance; c) regarding the nutritional status malnourished children had more frequently a delayed peak level, been 17% at 15 minutes and 67% at 30 minutes. Misinterpretation of the carbohydrate tolerance test can be minimized taking into account these known factors that induced the diagnosis of false positive intolerance.

Blood Glucose↗