PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “Nerve Compression Syndromes”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Diagnosis of radial nerve palsy caused by ganglion with use of different imaging techniques.

Clinical features of six cases of radial nerve compression syndrome as a result of ganglion at the elbow are reported. The usefulness of different imaging techniques for detecting the location of ganglion is compared. The posterior interosseous nerve was involved in two patients, the radial sensory nerve in one patient, and both nerves in three patients. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the location of the ganglion in every patient. Ultrasonography was most convenient for screening examination when it was difficult to clearly define a ganglion by palpation. In all patients, a ganglion arose from the anterior capsule of the elbow joint. Dynamic factors in addition to compression of the nerve by ganglion may influence occurrence of the nerve palsy.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Rare compression syndromes of the peripheral nerves of the forearm and distal leg].

OBJECTIVES: The study presents results of rare operations of the peripheral nerves compartment syndromes of the forearm and distal leg, completed in our clinic during a 14-year period (1990-2004). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We completed 25 procedures for 25 compartment syndromes in 25 patients. All patients sufferred from unilateral compartment syndromes. The patients were operated for the first time in our clinic. None of them needed to be re-operated. The clinical pictures of the compartment syndromes were classified (three degrees) according to the Dellon's intensity classification: None of the patients sufferred from the Ist degree compression. The IInd degree occured in 4 patients (16%). The IIIrd degree occured in 21 patients (84%). The surgical procedure's effectiveness was analyzed, taking into consideration the degree of the compression, its duration and the symptoms duration. RESULTS: Excellent and good results were observed in all cases of the IInd degree compression and the symptoms duration up to 12 months. Worse results were recorded in the IIIrd degree compression cases, where excellent and good results were observed in 19 cases (76%). In cases, where the symptoms lasted for over 12 months, no excellent or good results were recorded. CONCLUSION: The decisive factor affecting the procedure's outcome, is the degree of the compression and its duration. The main factors improving the outcome of the procedure are the following: the patient's age up to 30 years of age and the duration of the symptoms up to 1 year, when the defect is not irreversible.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Transient vocal paralysis following strangulation injury.

Blunt trauma to the larynx, as a source of vocal paralysis, has become an important consideration for the laryngologist. Direct neurologic injury from strangulation by hand is explored with presentation of 4 patients. Three of these had unilateral paralysis; the fourth had bilateral paralysis on two separate occasions of strangulation. All patients recovered in 4 to 20 days. Correlation is made with other acute nerve compression syndromes, and the pathophysiology discussed in light of experimental evidence. Awareness and recognition of this problem in evaluation and treatment of strangulation assault injuries is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Spontaneous hematic cysts of the orbit presenting with acute proptosis. A report of three cases.

Three cases of spontaneous hematic cyst of the orbit are described. All cases presented with acute onset of proptosis, conjunctival chemosis, choroidal folds, restricted ocular movement, and optic nerve compression syndrome with very poor vision. A computed tomography scan demonstrated a cystic lesion situated in the upper part of the orbit. Exploration revealed a cyst containing chocolate-colored fluid. Visual recovery was complete in two of three cases. There was no definite history of trauma in all three cases. Chronic hematic cysts have been described recently, but cases with acute onset such as ours have not to our knowledge been described clearly.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

The diagnosis and nonoperative treatment of shoulder injuries in athletes.

The specific emphasis in this article has been directed toward the diagnosis of prevalent shoulder pathology in a young athletic population; however, as the interest in sports has blossomed in recent years now encompassing a larger age range, the physician must not neglect common pathologic conditions of the older athletes. Fastidious adherence to complete history, physical examination, and a high level of suspicion for uncommon disorders is paramount. Arthritides such as osteo, rheumatoid, septic, and lyme as well as the hematologic disorders of multiple myeloma, lymphomas, leukemia, hemophilia, and Gaucher's disease can all present with shoulder pain. Thoracic outlet syndrome, scalene syndrome, supra-scapular nerve syndrome, and quadrilateral space syndrome comprise a group of nerve compression syndromes that are becoming more apparent as our diagnostic skills improve. Yet, the most pervasive disorders in the young athlete are due to lack of shoulder stability. By understanding the delicate balance in normal shoulder between mobility and stability, the clinician is better able to conceptualize the etiology and progression of the problem, and design the optimal treatment program.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A suspected case of ulnar tunnel syndrome relieved by chiropractic extremity adjustment methods.

BACKGROUND: There has been little published about ulnar tunnel syndrome (UTS) as it relates to the practice of chiropractic, despite chiropractors' apparent interest in nerve compression syndromes and a growing trend toward providing chiropractic extremity care. This syndrome is not very common and could be mistaken for carpal tunnel syndrome by practitioners who are not aware of the differences. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the case of a patient with ulnar tunnel syndrome whose symptoms were resolved by chiropractic extremity adjustment. Clinical features A 45-year-old female patient complained of numbness in her little finger. Standard orthopedic testing procedures for the wrist and hand reproduced the symptom, but tests for the cervical spine and thoracic outlet region were negative. Intervention and outcome Care for this patient consisted of adjustment procedures directed to the wrist, primarily the hamate and pisiform articulations with the triquetrum. Her symptoms were resolved in 4 office visits, with corresponding improvement in examination findings. CONCLUSIONS: This case report represents what a patient could expect during a typical chiropractic treatment. The examination and the care given were simple and cost-effective but might not be sufficient for a more complicated or persistent case. The costs for the care in this case were borne solely by the patient and were affordable. Hard conclusions cannot be reached without more sophisticated diagnostic procedures, additional similar cases, and controlled research conditions.

Female↗
PubMed2006

Computer-assisted extracorporeal orbital reconstruction after optic nerve decompression by removal of sphenoid bone.

The removal of sphenoid bone parts was performed by the admitting neurosurgeons on a patient who presented an optic nerve compression syndrome. Beside the orbital trauma, an extensive midfacial trauma was sustained with dislocated multifractures of the zygomatic complex. In a secondary procedure, the orbital cavity was reconstructed successfully using 3 different methods of computer-assisted surgery. First, the reconstruction of the zygomatic complex was controlled intraoperatively by a virtual model obtained by mirroring the unaffected side to the affected side. Second, extracorporeal bone parts were virtually preoperatively relocated and orientated. The reconstruction of the orbital cavity by the insertion of these bony fragments was performed intraoperatively as planned after the zygomatic complex reconstruction. Third, the virtual reconstruction of the orbital floor was performed using preoperatively individually bent and preformed orbital titanium mesh. Combinations of these methods demonstrate the practical and high value of computer-assisted surgery in complex reconstructive craniofacial surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Acute cauda equina syndrome caused by a gas-containing prolapsed intervertebral disk.

Gas production as a part of disk degeneration can occur, but it rarely causes clinical nerve compression syndromes. A rare case of gaseous degeneration in a prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disk causing acute cauda equina syndrome is described. Radiologic features and intraoperative findings are reported. A 78-year-old woman with severe lumbar canal stenosis had acute cauda equina syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large disk protrusion, and she underwent an urgent operation for this. Surgery confirmed the severe lumbar canal stenosis, but the disk prolapse contained gas that had caused the nerve compression.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Vascular compression syndrome of the eighth nerve. Clinical correlations and surgical findings.

A recently described syndrome, disabling positional vertigo (DPV), is characterized by persistent and progressive vertigo that is always associated with nausea and occasionally with vomiting; symptoms are made worse with changes in head position and are lessened with bedrest. Patients with DPV have abnormal results on vestibular testing and abnormalities in auditory nerve conduction as indicated by subtle but distinct alterations in brain stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP). Microvascular decompression (MVD) of the vestibular nerve and, when indicated, the cochlear portion of the eighth cranial nerve has been highly successful in returning patients with DPV to normal lifestyles. Intraoperative monitoring of BAEP and auditory nerve compound action potentials have reduced the incidence of hearing loss, the major complication of MVD of the eighth nerve, to about 3 per cent. This article details the results of evaluating and treating 41 patients with DPV by MVD over a 12-month period and reports a success rate for this procedure in these patients of 73 per cent.

Humans↗
PubMed1997

[Wartenberg syndrome: a rare or rarely diagnosed compression syndrome of the radial nerve?].

Between August 1993 and June 1995, nine female and one male patient with a neuropathy of the superficial branch of the radial nerve (Wartenberg's syndrome) were treated operatively. Hoffmann-Tinel's sign was positive preoperatively as well as Dellon's test. A modified technique involving longitudinal plication of the brachioradialis tendon was used in seven cases. All patients were free of symptoms six weeks after operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Vibratory sensory testing in acute peripheral nerve compression.

Vibratory thresholds were continually measured with a variable-amplitude vibrometer during periods of controlled median nerve compression in 12 human volunteers. Tissue fluid pressure in the carpal canal was maintained at 50 mm Hg, a level which caused a complete loss of nerve function in all subjects by 45 minutes. In all subjects vibratory thresholds proved to be the earliest test indicating a decrease in nerve function. Semmes-Weinstein pressure testing and 256 cycles/sec vibratory sensibility correlated well with measurements of vibratory thresholds and with the electrodiagnostic testing. Static and moving two-point discrimination did not become abnormal until late in the clinical testing. The vibrometer has significant potential as a clinical and research instrument in nerve compression syndromes. This study supports the use of vibratory stimuli as a noninvasive diagnostic test; it is currently undergoing evaluation in a number of clinical studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Compression syndromes of the axillary nerve and the suprascapular nerve].

We report on seven patients with altogether four paralyses of the axillary and six paralyses of the suprascapular nerve without a singular trauma. In one patient, the paralysis of the axillary nerve developed spontaneously over night after a period of habitual dislocations of the shoulder joint. Another patient developed a paralysis of the suprascapular nerve after prolonged wearing of a rucksack. Three of the remaining five patients developed both an axillary and suprascapular paresis without any preceeding trauma or irritation. In two further patients, an isolated suprascapular paralysis developed without trauma. An analysis of the intraoperative findings in these five patients shows in all cases adhesions of the nerve with the surrounding tissues at the site of the suprascapular notch respectively the quadrilateral space. In all three cases of axillary nerve paralysis there was in addition a narrow quadrilateral space. However only in three of five suprascapular nerve lesions there was a narrow suprascapular notch. In the two remaining cases adhesions alone had caused the paralysis and produced a serpentine deformity of the nerve. It is concluded that inflammatory processes cause the paralysis and the adhesions. Compression in the narrow space and fibrous changes are responsible for maintaining the paralysis after the inflammation has subsided. Macroscopically unchanged nerves underwent external neurolysis. With fibrous changes an epineuriotomy and with more pronounced changes an epineuriectomy were performed. The results are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Neurovascular compression syndrome of the eighth cranial nerve. What are the most reliable diagnostic signs?

Forty-three surgical cases were retrospectively analyzed to establish diagnostic criteria and operative indications for vertigo and tinnitus due to neurovascular compression (NVC) of the eighth cranial nerve (8th N). Many NVC syndromes were mistakenly diagnosed as Ménière's disease or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. NVC was confirmed in 31 of the 43 patients. Neurovascular decompression (NVD) resulted in complete recovery or marked improvement of subjective symptoms in all 19 cases with vertigo (100%), and in 19 of 29 patients with tinnitus (65.5%). Multiple factor analysis revealed that abnormal caloric responses have high diagnostic value for vertigo due to NVC. Vertigo due to NVC is of short duration (a few sec to a few min.) in the early phase of the disease, which becomes longer and hearing becomes impaired as the history of NVC lengthens. Low pitch pulsatile and high pitch continuous tinnitus are probably due to NVC and are cured by NVD if hearing is still preserved. Tinnitus associated with hemifacial spasm is strongly indicative of NVD. Decompression of the 8th N should be performed in the early phase of disease, since cochlear and vestibular functions are irreversibly impaired if NVC continues for a long period of time.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Intratruncal fascicular compression of the anterior interosseous nerve].

Two patients are reported who were operated for clinically apparent anterior interosseous nerve compression syndrome (Kiloh-Nevin). In contrast to the cases described in the literature, no external compression was found anywhere in the course of the nerve. However, the nerve bundles forming the nerve within the main median nerve proximal to the elbow were found to be compressed in isolation. The median nerve was otherwise normal. In one case, the compressed nerve was excised and grafted and, in the other case, a perineural neurolysis was performed. In both cases, the paralysis improved. Two cases in the literature are discussed, in which similar findings were present.

Elbow↗