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PubMedDate not supplied

[Laboratory technique for the construction of the stabilisation splint].

Occlusal splints have been very often used in dentistry as a treatment modality for patients with craniomandibular disorders. They can be built directly in the mouth or indirectly in the laboratory. The purpose of this study was to present an indirect method for the construction of the stabilisation splint. The casts were mounted on a semi-adjustable Whip-mix articulator with face bow. After waxing up, the splint model was adjusted in respect to the desired occlusal contacts, in centric relation. The splint model was converted to acrylic using the method as for the construction of dentures and was finally adjusted in the mouth.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2006

[Measurement of setup error in conformal radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma].

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Setup error is the key factor in determining the margin of planning target volume (M(PTV)) for conformal radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study was to establish a method using radiopaque fiducial markers which were embedded in occlusal splint ("occlusal splint method") to acquire setup errors to calculate M(PTV) in CRT for NPC. METHODS: The occlusal splint method was performed in 22 NPC patients who received CRT. Setup errors were calculated by comparing the coordinates of 3 fiducial markers read from portal images with those read from computed tomography (CT) data. According to the formulation, the size of MPTV with or without consideration of organ motion was also calculated. RESULTS: The standard deviations of systematic errors (Sigma) were 1.13 mm, 1.47 mm, and 1.31 mm in X (medio-lateral), Y (antero-posterior) and Z (cranio-caudal) axes, respectively; the standard deviations of random errors were 0.81 mm, 0.45 mm, and 0.80 mm in X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. Without consideration of organ motion, the sizes of M(PTV) were 3.40 mm, 3.98 mm, and 3.83 mm in X, Y, and Z axes, respectively; with consideration of organ motion, the sizes of M(PTV) were 3.75 mm, 4.35 mm, and 4.16 mm in X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. CONCLUSION: Using the "occlusal splint method", each institution can precisely calculate setup error data, and stipulate the size of M(PTV) adequate to one's own situation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A pantographic reproducibility index for use in diagnosing temporomandibular joint dysfunction: a report on research.

The pantographic reproducibility index (PRI) has been developed to quantitate incoordinated mandibular movements; one of the signs and symptoms of TMJ dysfunction. The PRI has been proven valid clinically in controlled research using more than 200 patients and scoring more than 2300 pantographic tracings during the past 10 years. The PRI can be used to determine (1) the presence or absence of TMJ dysfunction; (2) the success of treatment modalities such as occlusal splints, occlusal adjustments, and restorative treatments; (3) the prevalence of TMJ dysfunction; and (4) the level of TMJ dysfunction on experimental patients.

Dental Equipment↗
PubMed2004

Application of principles of evidence-based medicine to occlusal treatment for temporomandibular disorders: are there lessons to be learned?

Critical evaluation of treatment methods has become an important part of health care and will certainly have a major influence on decisions about acceptable treatment methods in the future. Evidence-based medicine (EBM) means the systematic, explicit, and judicious implementation of the best evidence in patient care. The most reliable sources of evidence are high-quality systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic EBM approach could be particularly useful in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), where controversial and conflicting ideas about management are common. In this field, concerns about the lack of evidence are often expressed. This article aims to elucidate and discuss the application of EBM to the treatment of TMD, using the most controversial treatments (i.e., occlusal treatments) as an example. By applying the principles of EBM to TMD treatments, we wish to highlight some of the important issues that form the basis for high-quality care in this field. A systematic review of occlusal treatments (occlusal splints and occlusal adjustment) updated to January 2003 revealed 16 RCTs of occlusal splints and 4 of occlusal adjustment. The overall quality of the trials was fairly low. Recently, however, some high-quality RCTs of occlusal splints have been published. The most obvious methodologic shortcomings in published trials included problems in defining the patient population, inadequacies in performing randomization and blinding, problems in defining the therapies or appropriate control treatments, short follow-ups, and problems in monitoring patient compliance. Occlusal splint studies yielded equivocal results. Even in the most studied area, stabilization splints for myofascial face pain, the results do not justify definite conclusions about the efficacy of splint therapy. Their clinical effectiveness to relieve pain also seems modest when compared with pain treatment methods in general. None of the occlusal adjustment studies provided evidence supporting the use of this treatment method. The clinical implications of the findings and future perspectives are discussed.

Dentistry↗
PubMed1996

The occlusal bite splint--a noninvasive therapy for occlusal habits and temporomandibular disorders.

Traumatic occlusion and occlusal habits, such as clenching and grinding, are the cause of many dental problems. These etiologic factors must be considered and evaluated when treating the dental patient. Early diagnosis and construction of a reversible occlusal appliance is often the most effective, quickest, and least invasive means of therapy. Temporomandibular joint surgery, occlusal equilibration, reconstructive dentistry, orthognathic surgery, orthodontics, and psychotherapy have all been used with success in some cases. Such invasive, and costly, procedures should be considered only after occlusal bite splint therapy has been proven unsuccessful. Occlusal bite splints can be constructed from heat-cured acrylic or light-cured composite. The composite splint is a new material that has minimal distortion, is comfortably worn, and can be constructed in the dental office in less than 30 minutes.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1989

[Three cases with temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome in adolescents whose mandibular are asymmetrical].

We encountered three patients with TMJ dysfunction syndrome in adolescents whose mandibulars were asymmetrical. In two cases, we tried to treat with EMG Biofeedback therapy in order to improve a form and function. The following results were obtained from the progress and result of the treatment. Asymmetry of mandibular causes the functional disharmony of masticatory muscle and it is probable that its asymmetry causes TMJ symptoms. These symptoms are improved with an occlusal splint, occlusal adjustment and occlusal reconstruction. The form does not change with the EMG Biofeedback therapy which is used in order to activate the masseter muscle. The function changed but was not stable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Arthrographically assisted splint therapy.

Occlusal splints are often constructed to aid in treatment of temporomandibular joint meniscus displacement. Techniques for arthrographically locating the point of meniscal displacement and for fabrication of an appropriate occlusal splint are described.

Cartilage, Articular↗
PubMed1991

Mandibular function in children with a lateral forced bite.

Open-close-clench cycles have been studied in 12 children with a lateral forced bite in order to investigate how the neuromuscular system of the mandible adapts itself in the presence of occlusal interferences. The mandibular movements were registered in a frontal plane at the central incisors with an opto-electronic registration technique. Series of 35 cycles were recorded to intercuspal position, against flat occlusal splints constructed in intercuspal raised and retruded positions, and against splints with occlusal stops in a retruded position. Average lateral displacements of the mandible during cycle series against flat occlusal splints were measured relative to cycle series to intercuspal position and relative to series against splints with occlusal stops in the retruded position. The lateral mandibular displacements were registered at maximal tooth-tooth or tooth-splint contact and at 7, 14, and 21 mm mouth-opening. It was found that the mandible in the subjects investigated is displaced to the forced bite side both during cycle series into intercuspal position as well as when occlusal contacts are eliminated by the use of flat occlusal splints.

Child↗