PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “PERSONALITY, IMMATURE”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Higher percentages of circulating mast cell precursors correlate with susceptibility to reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni.

A high level of serum IgE is generally associated with human resistance to schistosomes, though the protective mechanisms of IgE remain undefined. We recently reported that whereas some individuals who are occupationally hyperexposed to Schistosoma mansoni display resistance to reinfection, others remain highly susceptible, in some cases due to HIV-1 co-infection. As IgE functions, in part, through FcepsilonRI on mast cells, we characterized circulating CD117(+) FcepsilonRI(+) mast cell precursors in this population. Surprisingly, a higher percentage of CD117(+) cells correlated with a susceptible phenotype in HIV-1 seronegative participants with schistosomiasis. There was no association between percentages of peripheral CD117(+) cells and susceptibility to reinfection in persons with HIV-1. Serum levels of polyclonal IgE were inversely correlated with percentages of CD117(+) cells regardless of HIV-1 status. Thus, immature mast cells may affect IgE availability, or IgE may affect immature mast cells, altering the balance of host susceptibility and resistance to schistosomes.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Children don't always tell the truth.

Although children are being more frequently called as witnesses in court proceedings, they often do not tell the truth. If lying is defined as giving a false statement for personal gain, then lying is only one of several causes for children not giving an accurate account of events. Other reasons include an immature brain, a congenitally acquired defect in the central nervous system, or the presence of an emotional disturbance such as psychosis or hysteria. The desire of a child to please others--that is, parents, therapists, or lawyers--may also result in an invalid statement. These factors and motivations should be considered in trying to interpret a youngster's statement.

Child↗
PubMed2000

Predictors of Patient Inability to Cooperate during Intraoperative Language Mapping.

We examined the demographic, seizure history, personality, and intellectual variables in seizure surgery patients who underwent intraoperative language mapping to identify variables that may help predict inability to cooperate with intraoperative mapping. Of 26 patients who had intraoperative language testing during left hemisphere lobectomy, 9 were unable to cooperate with language mapping procedures. Mapping "failure" consisted of an inability to conform to task demands due to anxiety, inattention, immaturity, or confusion that necessitated changing from local to general endotracheal anesthesia. Patients who were unable to cooperate with intraoperative mapping had significantly lower IQs, lower educational attainment, and higher Depression scale scores on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) relative to cooperative patients. There were no statistically significant differences between groups with respect to age, handedness, sex, age of onset of habitual seizures, seizure type, site of seizure focus, presence of a lesion, or previous psychiatric history.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2006

Diet and personality: associations in a population-based sample.

BACKGROUND: Large portions of the population of the United States of America fail to follow dietary recommendations. Psychological factors may contribute to non-adherence. OBJECTIVE: Establish the associations between heritable personality styles, attitudes towards food, and habitual eating behavior. DESIGN: Variables were assessed by questionnaire in a population-based sample of 629 subjects. Associations were established using correlation and regression analysis, taking gender, demographic, lifestyle and other factors into account. RESULTS: Differences in personality style were reflected in diet. For example, hostility and anxiety-proneness was associated with greater likelihood to continue eating when satiated, while sociability and low impulsivity correlated with greater monitoring and control of dietary intake and body weight. Immaturity, aloofness, self-consciousness and self-gratification were associated with greater susceptibility to hunger and lack of persistence with increased snack and alcohol consumption. These associations differed for the sexes and were stronger for attitudes towards food than actual eating behavior. Taking other factors into account reduced the number of significant associations between diet and personality, particularly for habitual eating behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Associations exist between personality and diet. However, the strength of these associations is influenced by demographic, lifestyle and other factors. These findings have implications for future studies and efforts aimed at changing unhealthy dietary habits.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2001

Object relations and defense mechanisms of a psychopathic serial sexual homicide perpetrator: a TAT analysis.

The case of a 24-year-old African American man who committed serial sexual homicide and who met criteria (Hare, 1991) for psychopathy is presented. His Thematic Apperception Test (Murray, 1943) responses were used to code key aspects of personality organization--object relations and defense mechanisms--via the Social Cognition and Object Relations Scale (Westen, Lohr, Silk, & Kerber, 1989) and the Defense Mechanisms Manual (Cramer, 1991), respectively. Severe object relations pathology and a reliance on the defense mechanism of immature projection and immature denial are noted. Findings are relatively consistent with previous psychodynamic Rorschach studies of psychopathic sexual homicide perpetrators (Gacono, Meloy, & Bridges, 2000; Meloy, Gacono, & Kenney, 1994).

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Seasonal variation of three Culex species (Diptera: Culicidae) and its parasites and pathogens in Punta Lara, Buenos Aires, Argentina].

The seasonality of immatures, imagoes and pathogens of Culex dolosus Lynch Arribálzaga, Culex intrincatus Brethes and Culex maxi Dyar from Punta Lara (Buenos Aires province, Argentina) was monitored weekly (larvae and pupae) or fortnightly (adults), from 1989 to 1991. Culex dolosus was present during all months. The larvae were parasitized by Geotrichum candidum Link ex Person, Smittium morbosum var. rioplatensis López Lastra, Coelomomyces sp., Achlya sp, Amblyospora dolosi García & Becnel and Strelkovimermis spiculatus Poinar & Camino. Conidia of Hyphomycetes, filarial worms of Onchocercidae and S. spiculatus were detected in adults. Cx. intrincatus was present from January to May; the immatures were parasitized by G. candidum, S. morbosum, Achlya sp. and Amblyospora sp. Larvae of Cx. maxi were collected from January to April, and adults in all months except for June and July. S. morbosum was the only parasite found in this mosquito.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A report on the psychological test results of battering parents.

The short form of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and Cattell's 16PF test have been given to patients attending the National Advisory Centre on the Battered Child (NSPCC) and in the case of the personality questionnaire the results compared to non-battering control adults' scores. The intelligence levels of battering parents conform to normal expectation although there is a non-significant trend to marginally lower than normal results especially in verbal tests. The 16PF test reveals immature impetuosity on the part of the mothers as a main finding and introversion in the fathers. The relevance of these findings to battering is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Periodontal disease in Down's syndrome: a review.

Cross-sectional as well as longitudinal studies indicate that the prevalence of periodontal disease in persons with Down's syndrome (DS) under the age of 30 years is extremely high. It is even noted in the deciduous dentition. The progression of the disease is rapid, especially in the younger age groups. Severe periodontal breakdown with horizontal bone loss is often present in the lower anteriors. The large amount of plaque and calculus alone cannot explain the severity of periodontal disease in DS persons. Many contributing factors are reported. Abnormal capillary morphology, disorders in connective tissue and anatomical aspects of teeth are some of those considered to be of influence. Alteration in immunological response may also play a role in the progression of the disease process. Disorders in the polymorphonuclear leucocyte function and monocyte function have been reported in persons with DS. T-cell functioning declines after the first 10 years of life. T-cell lymphocyte counts are low and an immature subset of T-lymphocytes is present. This latter effect occurs especially in institutions where the immunological system is under stress. The altered immune response together with higher calculus scores may explain the difference in severity of periodontal disease between institutionalized DS children and those living at home.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Myelopoietic cell proliferation in granulocytopenia of refractory anaemia and preleukemia states with hyper-plastic bone marrow.

Myelopoiesis in healthy subjects and in 8 cases of refractory anaemia or preleukemia states was studied by the combined cytophotometric-autoradirgraphic method. Granulocytopenia was present in 7 of 8 cases. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. Mature myelocytes of healthy persons are a mainly differentiating cell population with a low labelling index (3-10%) and a high incidence in G1-Phase. 2. The proliferating immature granulopoietic cells of the patients with neutropenia showed a reduced labelling index with 3H-thymidine as a result of an arrest of these cells in G1 (6 of 8 cases). 3. A similar result was obtained in the study of the hyperplastic myelopoiesis of an other patient with preleukemia and normal granulocyte count in peripheral blood, with the disturbance of cell proliferation preceding the symptom neutropenia. 4. Finally in only one case an increased frequency of myelopoietic cells in G2-phase was found suggesting an arrest of cell proliferation in the premitotic phase.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Childhood adversity and adult defence style in eating disorder patients--a controlled study.

The aims of the study were (1) to compare the defence style of patients with anorexia nervosa with that of patients with bulimia nervosa and of female controls; (2) to establish whether a link exists between childhood adversity and adult defence style in eating disorder patients. Twenty-six patients with restricting anorexia nervosa (RAN), 61 patients with bulimia nervosa (BN), 37 patients with bulimic anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa with a history of anorexia nervosa (BAN/BN-HistAN) and 88 female controls were given the short Defense Style questionnaire (Andrews, Pollock & Stewart, 1989). Eating disorder patients were asked about their childhood care using a semi-structured interview (Harris, Brown & Bifulco, 1986). Bulimia nervosa patients had a significantly less mature defence style than the other groups and like the BAN/BN-HistAN group more immature defences than the control group. In the RAN group no childhood predictors of adult defence style were found, whereas in bulimia nervosa, excessive parental control during childhood was a negative predictor of mature defences and physical abuse a positive predictor of immature defence style. These results provide some evidence that childhood adversity may constitute a vulnerability factor for the later development of bulimia nervosa, mediated by personality development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Towards an understanding of defense style in terms of temperament and character.

The aim was to investigate the relationships between a model of personality based on the concept of defense mechanisms, as articulated by Vaillant, with the psychobiological model of personality, as developed by Cloninger. A total of 128 adults from 11 family pedigrees with at least two alcohol-dependent members completed the self-report Defense Style Questionnaire and the Temperament and Character Inventory. Immature defenses were largely explained by low character scores, while neurotic defenses were part temperament and part character. Cluster A, B and C defenses were related to low reward dependence, high novelty-seeking and high harm avoidance respectively. In a regression analysis, cluster B and C defenses were more related to low character scores than to temperament but, for cluster A defenses, temperament and character both contributed. The results suggest that it is possible to integrate an ego defense model of personality with a psychobiological model of personality, thereby enriching both approaches.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Defense mechanisms in inflammatory bowel disease.

BACKGROUND: Although psychiatric disturbances and personality features are possibly involved in inflammatory bowel disease, little attention has been given to the potential role of defense mechanisms in the formation, course, or prognosis of the disease. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether certain defense styles and ego mechanisms of defense are associated with inflammatory bowel disease, including both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. METHODS: Seventy-six consecutive unselected outpatients participated in the study. The sample consisted of 39 patients with Crohn's disease, 33 with ulcerative colitis, and 4 with an intermediate form of inflammatory bowel disease. The Symptom Distress Checklist (SCL-90-R), Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ), and Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire (HDHQ) were used. RESULTS: Crohn's disease patients presented a more immature defensive profile than ulcerative colitis patients, using a "maladaptive action" style, as well as "consumption" and "pseudo-altruism" defense mechanisms more often. These differences were statistically significant and they were independent of age, sex, educational level, disease extension, and pharmacologic treatment. A significant positive correlation was also found between disease activity and defensive profiles in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients. In contrast, there was no statistically significant difference between ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease patients in terms of psychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Crohn's disease patients presented a different and more immature defensive profile than patients with ulcerative colitis. In addition, the more psychologically mature inflammatory bowel disease patients had lower rates of relapses and surgical operations, providing evidence that these aspects of personality are likely to influence the patients' adaptation to the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Student nurses' attitudes to psychiatry: the influence of training and personality.

Fifty-one second-year students completed the Attitudes to Treatment Questionnaire (ATQ), the Conservatism Scale (CS), the Defence Style Questionnaire (DSQ) and an open-ended questionnaire before and after components of their psychiatric training programme, which included a 1-week placement in a psychiatric hospital. CS scores indicated that the nurses were moderately conservative. ATQ scores and CS scores correlated significantly, with the more conservative nurses reporting more traditional attitudes to psychiatric nursing. ATQ scores fell significantly after psychiatric hospital placement, indicating more progressive attitudes. Mean scores on the DSQ were within normal limits, although men scored significantly higher than women on the Immature Defences Scale immediately after placement. The open-ended questionnaire revealed mainly positive comments about the psychiatric hospital placement. Almost half the nurses expressed surprise at the relaxed, informal atmosphere on the wards, and as many stated that personal interaction with the patients rapidly removed any stereotyped attitudes that they held previously. Over 40% of nurses stated that the patients were much less aggressive or dangerous than they had expected, although nearly 20% said they were concerned about the levels of aggression that they observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Study of the measurement of defense style using Bond's Defense Style Questionnaire.

Two hundred and seventy healthy university students were surveyed in December 1995 using Bond's Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) to measure the subjects' defense mechanisms. At the same time, a survey using Byrne's R-S Scale (Repression-Sensitization Scale) of the MMPI (Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory) and five psychiatric symptom indexes (anxiety, sense of inadequacy, sensitivity, depression and impulsive anger) selected from the CMI (Cornell Medical Index-Health Questionnaire) was conducted. Three factors were extracted from the DSQ through factor analysis: immature defenses, neurotic defenses, and mature defenses. The results of analysis of variance revealed the following: (i) for anxiety and anxiety related symptoms, both immature defenses and neurotic defenses indicated principal effect; (ii) for impulsive anger and depression, immature defenses presented principal effect; and (iii) for sensitivity and impulsive anger, interaction between a mature defense style and neurotic defense style was noted. The relationship between defense styles and psychiatric symptoms in healthy people is studied in this paper.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Control of phlebotomine sandflies.

Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) transmit many zoonotic diseases (arboviruses, bartonelloses and especially leishmaniases) of importance to human health in at least 80 countries. Measures used to control adult sandflies (Lutzomyia and Phlebotomus) include the use of insecticides (mostly pyrethroids) for residual spraying of dwellings and animal shelters, space-spraying, insecticide-treated nets, impregnated dog-collars and personal protection through application of repellents/insecticides to skin or fabrics. Because the breeding-sites of sandflies are generally unknown, control measures that act specifically against immatures are not feasible, although the effectiveness of a few biological and chemical agents has been demonstrated in laboratory evaluations. Reports of insecticide-resistance refer to only three sandfly species (P. papatasi, P. argentipes and S. shorttii) against DDT in one country (India), although there are reports of DDT-tolerance in several countries. Current knowledge of sandfly susceptibility to various insecticides is summarized. Constraints and advantages of different compounds, formulations and delivery methods for sandfly control under different environmental conditions are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Biosynthesis and secretion of immunoglobulins by peripheral blood lymphocytes in severe hypogammaglobulinemia and by cultured lymphoblast cells.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes of two patients with infantile X-linked agammaglobulinemia could neither synthesize nor secrete immunoglobulins in detectable amounts. Peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with common variable type of hypogammaglobulinemia synthesize but do not secrete immunoglobulins. Serologic precipitation with antiimmunoglobulin serum and acrylamide-gel analysis of immunoglobulins synthesized by lymphocytes of these patients showed predominant mu-chain, as compared to immunoglobulins synthesized by normal lymphocytes. Biosynthesis and secretion of immunoglobulins by cultured lymphoblast cells from normal persons was very much analogous to that of lymphocytes of hypogammaglobulinemic patients. These findings suggest that lymphocytes of patients with common variable type of hypogammaglobulinemia are immature B cells like cultured lymphoblast cells, and that a block in cytodifferentiation of IgM to IgG-producing cells is present in their B cells.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The standard emotional profile index in a military population].

Using the Emotional Profile Index (EPI), personality characteristics have been compared in two groups of examinees: one group of "adapted" and the another of "nonadapted" to life and work in the army. These data were also compared with data obtained using other standards and examinations. The EPI for "the adapted" was similar in all compared cases while the group of the "nonadapted" (emotionally immature) showed most similarities with a group of attempted suicide according to the study performed in the USA which enables better understanding of both groups.

Adult↗