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PubMed1981

Growth pattern and differentiation of human soft tissue sarcomas in nude mice.

Tumor suspensions prepared from 62 human soft tissue sarcomas were injected into the peritoneal cavity and subcutis of 124 nude mice. The sarcomas included were ten malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 15 fibrosarcomas, six tendosynovial sarcomas, five liposarcomas, nine myosarcomas, six angiosarcomas, six malignant schwannomas, and five miscellaneous sarcomas. Sixty-two percent of the sarcomas showed progressive growth in nude mice either subcutaneously (46%), intraperitoneally (14%), or at both sites (40%). Fifty-one percent of the primary sarcomas, 71% of the recurrent tumors, and 78% of the sarcomas that were metastatic grew in the animals. Sarcomas that were grafted into the subcutis appeared as solitary nodules and showed a more accelerated growth as well as better differentiation than those that were injected into the peritoneal cavity. The intraperitoneal tumors were multifocal and dedifferentiated growths. It appears that simultaneous subcutaneous and intraperitoneal grafting of human sarcomas into nude mice offers a model to study the histogenesis and morphologic variations of soft tissue sarcomas.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Contribution to the discussion about the induction of tumors by ionizing radiation (author's transl)].

The authors describe six observations of malignant tumors which had appeared in the region of the irradiation fields after a period of 11 to 51 years following to a radiotherapy. The doses were between approximately 2000 and 9000 R resp. rd. The individual tumors were: one osteogenic sarcoma, one chondrosarcoma, two fibrosarcomas, one lymphangio-hemangio-sarcoma and one basal cell carcinoma. According to the present state of our knowledge about the induction of tumors by ionizing radiation, we presume that no threshold dose does exist and that the danger of a tumor induction increases with the dose. The function of the tumor induction is still in general discussion.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Sarcomas of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma.

Forty-two patients were treated for sarcoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses at the Institut Gustave Roussy, Paris, between 1960 and 1993. Twelve patients had chondrosarcoma (CS), 14 had osteosarcoma (OS) and 16 had fibrosarcoma (FS). Ten patients had grade I, six grade II and 26 grade III tumours. All but 10 patients had surgery for the primary tumour. A significantly increased risk of local failure was associated with the male sex (p < 0.01), grade III tumours (p < 0.02) and patients excluded from surgery (p < 0.04). The overall incidence of local and distant failure was 76 and 12 per cent respectively. Overall survival was 28 per cent at three years and 23 per cent at five years. Eight patients (20 per cent) were alive more than 10 years later. The factors significantly influencing survival were sex (p < 0.01), grade (p < 0.05) and local failure (p < 0.01).

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Comparative 99mTc-MIBI, 99mTc-tetrofosmin and 99mTc-furifosmin uptake in human soft tissue sarcoma cell lines.

The uptake characteristics of technetium-99m hexakis-2-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI), 99mTc-tetrofosmin and 99mTc-furifosmin in human soft tissue sarcoma cell lines were investigated and compared. After 10-120 min of incubation at 37 degrees C, 32 degrees C and 22 degrees C with 99mTc-MIBI, 99mTc-tetrofosmin and 99mTc-furifosmin, the kinetics of cellular uptake of these tracers in human soft tissue sarcoma cells SW 684 (fibrosarcoma), SW 872 (liposarcoma), SW 982 (synovial sarcoma) and SW 1353 (chondrosarcoma) was assessed. The uptake of 99mTc-MIBI, 99mTc-tetrofosmin and 99mTc-furifosmin was temperature dependent. The kinetics of uptake of 99mTc-MIBI and of 99mTc-tetrofosmin was similar between fibrosarcoma and liposarcoma cells, as well as between synovial sarcoma and chondrosarcoma cells. 99mTc-furifosmin showed similar uptake kinetics in all cell lines. The uptake of 99mTc-furifosmin was, however, significantly higher in liposarcoma than in the other cells. The data indicate that the cellular uptake of 99mTc-MIBI, 99mTc-tetrofosmin and 99mTc-furifosmin is dependent on cellular metabolic activity.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1995

p53 immunostaining in the differentiation of inflammatory pseudotumor from sarcoma involving the lung.

Inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT) of the lung is a non-neoplastic process that consists of proliferating spindle cells (fibroblasts and myoblasts), with variable numbers of mitoses, and inflammatory cells, particularly plasma cells. These lesions clinically, radiographically, and grossly mimic malignant neoplasms but are usually easily distinguished from malignancy on routine histopathology. However, in occasional cases the proliferating spindle cells may histopathologically mimic sarcoma, particularly on small biopsies and needle aspirates. Strong intranuclear immunopositivity for p53 protein is presumed to be indirect evidence of mutation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene and can be detected in many malignancies. In order to determine the utility of p53 immunostaining in differentiating IPT occurring in the lung from sarcoma involving the lung, we immunostained eight solitary IPTs, one IPT that recurred repeatedly over a 10-year period, six sarcomas (two malignant fibrous histiocytomas, two metastatic high-grade sarcomas, one metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma, and one fibrosarcoma) involving the lung, and one IPT from which a sarcoma arose 10 years after radiation therapy. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 5-microns formalin-fixed sections using a commercially available antibody to the p53 protein (Biogenex, monoclonal 1:200) and a standard antigen retrieval technique. Weak intranuclear staining occurring in less than 10% of proliferating cells was not considered a true immunopositive. All eight of the solitary IPTs were immunonegative for p53 protein by our criteria. The IPT that recurred a number of times and the IPT from which a sarcoma later developed were also immunonegative for p53 protein. Four of the six sarcomas were immunopositive, as was the postradiation sarcoma arising from a p53-immunonegative IPT.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Ultrastructure of oral sarcoma.

Sarcoma of the oral region is extremely rare and ultrastructural studies of the tumor are limited in number. We collected oral sarcomas, such as fibrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, alveolar soft-part sarcoma, solitary plasmacytoma, and osteosarcoma, and performed ultrastructural studies of these tumors. The value of these studies for an understanding of the biological behavior of the tumors was then investigated. In these studies, electron microscopic examinations of oral sarcoma were of assistance in our attempt to establish correct diagnosis and histogenesis. Data from the studies of oral sarcoma by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry should be accumulated.

Fibrosarcoma↗
PubMed1979

Thorotrast-associated sarcoma of bone: A case report and review of the literature.

An osteosarcoma developed near the right lesser trochanter of a 55-year-old woman. The neoplasm fulfilled the generally accepted criteria for a Thorotrast related malignancy. Strengthening this relationship was the occurrence of the tumor in an unusual location and uncommon age group. Thorium was confirmed both in the tumor and in bone marrow histiocytes by its characteristic x-ray spectrum. Including this case only twelve Thorotrast-associated neoplasms of bone have been reported. The mean latency period after Thorotrast administration was 26 years. Regression analysis revealed that latency period and Thorotrast dose are inversely related. All tumors were reported to be sarcomas. Six osteosarcomas, one fibrosarcoma, one chondrosarcoma, and one undifferentiated sarcoma were proven histologically. All patients, for whom follow-up was given, had died of the tumor. The reasons behind the low frequency of reported Thorotrast-associated bone malignancies may be the low concentration of 232Th and radioactive daughters in bone, long latency period or the general lack of knowledge concerning the possible relationship between Thorotrast and bone tumors. Statistical association between Thorotrast injection and bone sarcoma is shown. The criteria for the diagnosis of Thorotrastosis are discussed as well as the long term deleterious effects. The distribution of Thorotrast within the body is discussed as well as the associated radiographic changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction amplification of MDR1 gene expression in adult soft tissue sarcomas.

Expression of the multidrug resistance gene MDR1 is reported to be an important determinant of the response to chemotherapy and survival in some cancers. We compared three methods for determining the intrinsic MDR1 expression in soft tissue sarcomas. We studied MDR1 gene expression in 39 samples from 33 cases of soft tissue sarcomas comprising 11 liposarcomas, nine malignant fibrous histiocytomas, six leiomyosarcomas, four malignant schwannomas, three fibrosarcomas, three synovial sarcomas, and three epithelioid sarcomas, and seven cases of benign soft tissue tumors in adult patients. To detect MDR1 mRNA, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed in all samples. Furthermore, RNA dot-blot analysis with digoxigenin-labeled RNA probe and immunohistochemistry with JSB-1 and C-219 antibodies for P-glycoprotein were employed in 34 and 37 samples in soft tissue sarcomas, respectively. We compared these three detection techniques. Of the 39 specimens, 18 (46%) showed MDR1 PCR products. Liposarcomas (six of 11), malignant fibrous histiocytomas (six of nine), leiomyosarcomas (four of six), fibrosarcomas (two of three) revealed high or intermediate MDR1 expression at high frequency. No MDR1 expression was detectable in malignant schwannomas, synovial sarcomas, or epithelioid sarcomas. Of seven benign soft tissue tumors, one ganglioneuroma and one lipomatosis showed low levels of MDR1 expression. By RNA dot-blot analysis, MDR1 transcripts were detectable in 12 of 34 specimens (35%). Four samples were negative by dot blot despite positivity with RT-PCR. Concordance between MDR1 expression by RNA level with RT-PCR and dot blot and at the protein level with immunohistochemistry using C-219 was found in 16 (47%) of the 34 comparable specimens. Eight samples showed positive immunoreactivity for C-219 despite negative results in RT-PCR and dot-blot analysis. The intrinsic MDR1 expression in soft tissue sarcoma seemed to depend on certain tumor types, such as liposarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, leiomyosarcoma, and fibrosarcoma. For the evaluation of MDR1 expression, RT-PCR is useful because of its relative simplicity and sensitivity. However, the clinical significance of such low levels of MDR1 expression detected only by RT-PCR must be discussed within systematically treated patient groups.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1996

Expression of multidrug-resistance-associated protein gene in human soft-tissue sarcomas.

We examined the mRNA expression of the multidrug- resistance-associated protein gene (MRP) in soft-tissue sarcomas and compared it with the expression of the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), using the reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction. We investigate 39 samples from 33 cases of soft-tissue sarcomas (11 liposarcomas, 9 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 6 leiomyosarcomas, 4 malignant schwannomas, 3 fibrosarcomas, 3 synovial sarcomas, and 3 epithelioid sarcomas) and 7 benign soft-tissue tumors. All samples were obtained prior to chemotherapy. An expression of MRP mRNA was noted in 56% of soft-tissue sarcoma specimens. The co-expression of MRP and MDR1 was recognized in 15 samples (38%) (5/11 liposarcomas, 5/9 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 3/6 leiomyosarcomas, 2/3 fibrosarcomas) and significantly correlated with histological grade (P=0.0165). A positive and significant correlation was found between MRP and MDR1 expression in soft-tissue sarcomas(P=0.0013). In benign soft-tissue tumors, 1 chemodectoma and 1 neurothekeoma showed low MRP expression; however, no case showed co-expression of MRP and MDR1.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters↗
PubMed1986

Sarcomas and sarcomatoid neoplasms of the major salivary gland regions. A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 67 cases and review of the literature.

Sixty-seven cases of sarcomas and sarcomatoid neoplasms of the major salivary gland regions were studied in order to determine the clinical and histomorphologic features and biologic behavior. Fifty-seven of these proved to be sarcomas and the two most common types were malignant schwannoma (11) and fibrosarcoma (9). Nine sarcomas could not be subclassified morphologically. Ten cases, originally believed to be sarcomas, proved by means of immunohistochemistry to be either carcinomas (five cases) or melanomas (five cases). Fifty-nine of the 67 cases occurred in the parotid gland regions, and the remaining eight occurred in the submandibular regions. Twenty of the 67 cases were thought to arise from within the gland, nine from paraglandular tissues, and insufficient data was present to anatomically categorize the other 38 cases. The mean age of occurrence was 42 years for men and 38 years for women. A swelling was the presenting symptom in 64 cases, with a mean duration of 4.3 months. Pain, tenderness, or paralysis were noted in 17 cases, but the swelling was painless in seven cases. Follow-up data of 42 sarcoma patients revealed that 17 experienced recurrences, 16 developed metastases, and 15 died of disease. These rates were lowest among patients with tumors arising from within the gland (Group I) and highest among those patients with tumors of paraglandular origin (Group III). Mean survival time for those dying of disease was 2.4 years, and a 5-year survival time appeared to be a significant indicator of cure. The most successful therapy was either parotidectomy (superficial or total) or a combination of surgery and radiation. The morphologic and the immunohistochemical evidence suggest that the majority of the tumors represent true sarcomas that may arise from undifferentiated pluripotential cells, but that the remainder (15%) represent epithelial malignancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Primitive myxoid mesenchymal tumor of infancy: a clinicopathologic report of 6 cases.

Soft tissue sarcomas in the first year of life are rare, and the most common sarcomas in infancy are embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor, congenital infantile fibrosarcoma, and primitive sarcomas such as undifferentiated sarcoma. In this study, we report 6 cases of a primitive myxoid mesenchymal tumor of infancy (PMMTI), which previously may have been included under the diagnostic categories of congenital-infantile fibrosarcoma or infantile fibromatosis. PMMTI occurred in 6 infants, 3 of whom had a congenital presentation of a soft tissue mass. All patients were otherwise healthy. The tumors occurred on the trunk, extremities, and head and neck. Grossly, the tumors were nonencapsulated and had a multinodular appearance with focal infiltrative growth, a white fleshy cut surface, and a tumor diameter ranging from 2 to 15 cm. Histologically, a diffuse growth of primitive spindle, polygonal, and round cells occurred in a myxoid background. The tumor cells were arranged in a vaguely nodular pattern with peripheral collagenized stroma, higher cellularity at the periphery, and a delicate vascular network in the background. Immunohistochemically, the tumors displayed diffuse reactivity for vimentin and no reactivity for smooth muscle actin, muscle specific actin, desmin, S-100 protein, or myogenin. Electron microscopy documented a poorly differentiated fibroblastic proliferation. Four cases tested negative for the ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion by RT-PCR. One tumor had a complex karyotypic abnormality with rearrangements involving chromosomes Y, 9, and 3. Three patients had recurrences or metastasis treated with a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. One patient is alive with persistent locally aggressive disease, 2 are alive with no evidence of recurrence, 1 had a recurrence treated surgically without further follow-up information, 1 patient died with persistent tumor and sepsis 6 weeks after diagnosis, and 1 patient was lost to follow-up. The morphologic appearance combined with the ultrastructural features and absence of the typical gene rearrangement of congenital-infantile fibrosarcoma are unique, and we propose that PMMTI represents a new category of pediatric fibroblastic-myofibroblastic tumor.

Dermatofibrosarcoma↗
PubMed1993

An intergroup phase III randomized study of doxorubicin and dacarbazine with or without ifosfamide and mesna in advanced soft tissue and bone sarcomas.

PURPOSE AND METHODS: Doxorubicin alone or with dacarbazine (DTIC; AD) is considered the best available therapy for metastatic adult sarcomas. Ifosfamide is active in sarcomas that have failed to respond to a doxorubicin-based regimen. This study was designed to determine if ifosfamide added to doxorubicin and DTIC (ADI) significantly effects toxicity, response rate, and survival. Patients with measurable metastatic or unresectable sarcoma were randomized to receive AD or ADI. Patients with chondrosarcomas, fibrosarcomas, and other sarcomas of bone were eligible, although those with osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, and mesothelioma were excluded, as were patients with prior chemotherapy for sarcoma or prior doxorubicin. RESULTS: Between 1987 and 1989, 340 eligible patients were randomized. Significantly more myelosuppression, a higher response rate (17% v 32%; P < .002) and longer time to progression (4 v 6 months; P < .02) were observed for patients who received ifosfamide. An overall survival advantage for the two-drug regimen (12 v 13 months; P = .04) was not significant by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: In all three randomized trials of doxorubicin with and without ifosfamide (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG], European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer [EORTC], and this study), the response rate was higher for the ifosfamide-containing arm, significantly so in this and the ECOG studies. An improved response rate may be particularly important for the preoperative management of high-grade, borderline resectable lesions or pulmonary metastases, particularly in younger patients. In older patients, or for low-to intermediate-grade lesions, doxorubicin and DTIC followed by ifosfamide on progression is preferred.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[An ultrastructural analysis of malignant soft tissue tumors].

The differential diagnosis of malignant soft tissue tumors constitutes a major problem in surgical pathology. A distinction among sarcomas is sometimes difficult, but this is a situation in which histologic examination of representative tissue will give a diagnosis in the majority of cases. Electron microscopy sometimes contributes to the proper diagnosis of sarcomas. For electron microscopy, fresh samples from 110 cases of sarcoma filed at the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, were examined. The distinguishing ultrastructural appearance of the following tumors are discussed: Spindle cell sarcomas (leiomyosarcoma 10 cases, malignant Schwannoma 5, fibrosarcoma 5, monophasic synovial sarcoma 7). Round cell sarcomas (rhabdomyosarcoma 10 cases, extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma 1, malignant neuroepithelioma 1, malignant rhabdoid tumor of soft parts 3, monophasic synovial sarcoma 9). Pleomorphic sarcomas (malignant fibrous histiocytoma 24 cases, pleomorphic liposarcoma 1). Myxoid sarcomas (myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma 8 cases, myxoid liposarcoma 8, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma 4). Sarcomas with a specific pattern. Using electron microscopy, general analysis of cellular morphology and detection of specific structures are helpful for evaluating these sarcomas. Nevertheless, poorly differentiated sarcomas may still pose a diagnostic dilemma, since their specific features are poorly represented.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Spontaneous tumors of the meninges in rats.

Histologic brain sections from 107 rats reported to have granular cell tumors or meningiomas in 2-year carcinogenicity studies conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) or the National Cancer Institute (NCI) were reexamined microscopically. There were 62 rats with granular cell tumors, 26 with benign meningiomas, and 19 with meningeal sarcomas. Granular cell tumors were compatible with previous descriptions of this tumor. Meningeal sarcomas were subclassified into nine spindle cell sarcomas and ten fibrosarcomas. Among the rats with benign meningiomas, five were typical meningiomas (three fibroblastic meningiomas, and two meningothelial meningiomas) and 21 were meningothelial meningiomas containing cells with granules identical to those in granular cell tumors. There was a transition from epithelial-like cells of the meningothelial meningiomas to granular cells in these 21 cases. Based upon anatomic location, cytomorphologic similarities, and the occurrence of transitional or mixed forms of meningothelial meningiomas and granular cell tumors, it is suggested that these two tumors are related and may both originate from a common progenitor meningothelial arachnoid cell.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Meningeal fibrosarcomas].

The authors present 4 operated cases of primary fibro sarcomas of the dura mater. Only, a few number of cases had been described in the literature. In Zulch's classification (1957) of 6000 brain tumors, there were 162 cases of sarcoma (i.e. 2,7%) and among sarcoma, 30 cases of fibrosarcoma of the dura mater. In according with the WHO classification of brain tumors (Zulch, 1979), the primary fibrosarcoma of the dura mater takes place in the group of meningeal sarcomas with the polymorphic cell sarcoma and the primary meningeal sarcomatosis. The pre-operative diagnosis is difficult, because neither clinical data, neither neuroradiological findings are characteristics. The prognosis of the patients with this tumor is poor, however some examples are known to have had a long post-operative survival. The association: complete surgical extirpation--post-operative radiation appears like to best treatment. Pathological examination showed in our four tumours, the features of fibroblastic sarcomas with haemorrhagic zones and foci of osteoid metaplasia. The ultra-structural study in 2 cases, confirmed the specificity of tumoral cells which did not display any histological similarity to the arachnoïdal cells. In one case, a myofibroblastic differentiation was evident, and thus, confirmed the plasticity of tumoral fibroblastic cells. The immuno-histochemical reaction of GFAP revealed reactive astrocytic areas in one case inside the immuno-histochemical sarcomatous tissue.

Aged↗