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Results for “Stereotyped Behavior”

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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Clomipramine treatment of stereotypic behaviors and self-injury in patients with developmental disabilities.

The authors report an open clinical trial of clomipramine for chronic stereotypic and self-injurious behaviors in 11 consecutive patients with concomitant developmental disorders. Ten patients (91%) had marked decreases in rates of target behaviors. No seizures occurred despite the inclusion of six patients with previous histories of epileptic events, and improvement was evident regardless of level of mental retardation. These findings support both the clinical use of serotonergic medications in this population and the need for further research.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Compensating and reactivating effects of quinpirole on extinction of conditioned response and amnesia in mice with alternative behavioral stereotypes].

The effect of quinpirole on the passive avoidance habit retention in male C57BL/6J mice with aggressive and submissive behavioral strategies was studied during the habit extinction and amnesia. It was found that the activation of D2 dopamine postsynaptic receptors by quinpirole injections (1 mg/kg, i.p.) prolonged the passive avoidance retrieval during extinction in the submissive mice, while not affecting the basically high memory retrieval level in the aggressors. Under the amnesia conditions, quinpirole reactivated the passive avoidance retrieval irrespective of the base initial behavior status (aggressive versus submissive). It is concluded that the different basic state of the dopaminergic activity in mice predetermines the compensating-reactivating effect of quinpirole.

Aggression↗
PubMed1983

Using water mist to reduce self-injurious and stereotypic behavior.

A mist of water sprayed in the face was used as a punisher for stereotypic and self-injurious behaviors by a boy diagnosed as severely mentally retarded with autistic-like behaviors. The boy had a long history of mouthing and hand-biting behaviors. The latter behavior was evinced by noticeable scar tissue on the backs of his hands. The study took place in a self-contained public school classroom for autistic children and other children with severe communication disorders and functional mental retardation. An ABAB withdrawal design with no treatment probes demonstrated the rapid and dramatic suppressive effects that the response-contingent water mist had on the target behaviors. This procedure was taught to classroom personnel who were able to maintain the suppression with minimal interruption of educational programming for the subject or his peers. No adverse physical effects were observed nor did the child attempt to escape or struggle against the procedure. The results are discussed in relation to ethical considerations and the use of response-contingent aversive stimulation.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1991

[The role of different sections of the striatum in rats in organizing minute fluctuations of stereotyped behavior and tolerance to the use of fenamine].

Bilateral lesions of the dorsal striatum in rats attenuated amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour and limited its minute fluctuations with a decrease in intensity of short-period (minutes) waves. After lesion of the ventral region their intensity, on the contrary, rose. A higher sensitivity to chronic administration of amphetamine (2 weeks, 5 mg/kg daily) with an increase in intensity of rhythmic fluctuations of stereotyped behaviour was observed in animals with dorsal striatectomy. Directly opposite results were obtained in the second group of rats. It is suggested that the dorsal striatum is connected with the generation of high-frequency fluctuations in the time course of stereotyped behaviour and brings about a faster adaptation to amphetamine.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1991

The effect of haloperidol on the performance of stereotyped behavior in sows.

Environmentally induced stereotypies in gestating sows were inhibited by haloperidol. This inhibitory effect was stronger in sows that directed stereotyped activities toward objects in the environment than in sows performing self-directed stereotypies. The results indicate that dopamine is involved in the performance of stereotypies in pigs, and that haloperidol seem to impair motivational arousal primarily by reducing the rewarding impact of stereotyped self-stimulation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The reorganization of the temporal dynamics of stereotyped behavior in rats induced by the acute and chronic administration of fenamine in disordered functioning of the beta-adrenergic mechanisms].

Amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour of rats is a nonsteady oscillatory process. After combination of acute amphetamine and beta-adrenoblocker propranolol a lowering of amplitude and limitation of rhythmicity of stereotype were observed. But chronic propranolol intensified the stereotypy without usual increase of the number of short-period (2-3/min) fluctuations in the time course of the process. It is suggested that potentiation of behavioural disturbances by propranolol may be the result of blockade of pineal beta-adrenergic receptors and weakening of brain adaptive mechanisms function.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1978

The effect of dose, novelty, and exploration on amphetamine-produced stereotyped behavior.

Four experiments are presented. The first experiment demonstrated that the incidence of steretyped behavior was a monotonic increasing function of amphetamine dose. Variations in the form of the response to dose are described. The next two studies examined the relationship between environmental novelty and amphetamine-produced stereotypy. This behavior was observed less among subjects placed into novel environments than among subjects placed into familiar environments. The ability of novel stimuli to evoke exploratory responses incompatible with stereotypy was suggested as the basis for this effect. This interpretation was supported in a final experiment, which observed exploratory behavior and general activity, as well as amphetamine-produced stereotypy in subjects exposed to a novel stimulus in an otherwise familiar environment. All four experiments were interpreted as supporting a unified conception of amphetamine-produced and pathological sterotyped behaviors.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Stereotypical behavior developing after electric stimulation of the substantia nigra in cats].

A weak unilateral electrical stimulation of pars compacta of substantia nigra in cats provokes a stereotype behaviour, by its pattern resembling stereotypy induced by amphetamine. During poststimulatory stereotypy, there is a weakening of the arrest reaction induced by low-frequency stimulation of the caudate nucleus. Low doses of haloperidol which do not disturb the spontaneous behaviour, readily weaken trace nigral stereotypy. Such a response may be due to enhancement of nigro-striate dopaminergic transmission and the subsequent limitation of the caudate nucleus restraining function.

Animals↗