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PubMed1980

Thyroid neoplasms.

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Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Dendritic/Langerhans cells and prognosis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinomas. Immunocytochemical study of 106 thyroid neoplasms correlated to follow-up data.

Paraffin sections of 106 primary thyroid carcinomas were the subject of an immunocytochemical study to determine the density of infiltrates of S-100 protein-positive dendritic/Langerhans cells (LC), lysozyme-positive histiocytes, and LCA-positive lymphocytes. Evidence of dense infiltrates of LCs was found only in the majority of papillary thyroid carcinomas (PCs). The determination of the quantity of LCs proved to be a highly effective means of assessing the prognosis of these tumors. Irrespective of other morphologic and clinical features, no single instance of death resulting from cancer occurred among 23 PCs with dense LC infiltrates (including 6 tumors of stage pT4), while 9 of 53 (17%) of the remaining patients ultimately died from thyroid cancer. On the other hand, the degree of histiocytic and lymphocytic infiltrations was not associated with a distinct biologic behavior neither among PC nor among the remaining thyroid carcinomas. These findings suggest that LCs may play an important role in the immunologic defense mechanisms of the host against the tumor only in the papillary type of thyroid cancer.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed2004

Galectin-3 does not reliably distinguish benign from malignant thyroid neoplasms.

AIMS: To determine whether galectin-3 is a sensitive indicator of thyroid malignancy. It has been suggested as a potential marker for differentiating thyroid carcinoma from benign or non-neoplastic lesions in preoperative fine-needle aspirates (FNAs). METHODS: Galectin-3 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed thyroid tissues from 124 patients with histological diagnoses of papillary carcinoma (n = 38), follicular carcinoma (n = 19), follicular adenoma (n = 32) and dominant nodules of multinodular goitre (n = 35). Expression of galectin-3 was also assessed by Western blotting in 24 fresh thyroid tissues. RESULTS: Galectin-3 expression was observed in the majority of carcinomas (papillary 92%; follicular 74%). However, a large proportion of follicular adenomas (72%) and multinodular goitres (57%) also expressed galectin-3. In addition, galectin-3 expression was observed in epithelial cells of normal thyroid tissue and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Galectin-3 immunopositivity was significantly greater in papillary carcinomas than in dominant nodules or follicular adenomas (P < 0.0001, P = 0.0005, respectively). However, galectin-3 expression was no greater in follicular carcinomas than in follicular adenomas (P = 0.8735). Western blotting analysis confirmed both the specificity of the antiserum and expression of galectin-3 in multinodular goitres, follicular adenomas/carcinomas and papillary carcinomas. CONCLUSION: The data demonstrate that galectin-3 is not a reliable immunohistochemical marker to distinguish benign from malignant thyroid follicular lesions.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2001

[Treatment of a thyroid neoplasm infiltrating the respiratory-digestive tracts].

From 1992 to 1999, 58 thyroid gland operations (41 female and 17 male) were performed in ENT Department of the District Hospital in Rzeszów. In 14 (21.4%) cases (9 female and 5 male) thyroid surgery was done for malignant disorders: papillary carcinoma in 11 (79%) patients, follicular carcinoma in 2 patients and medullary carcinoma in 1 patient. There were neck metastases in 9/14 (64.4%) patients. In 3 cases with papillary carcinoma (all with neck metastases) aerodigestive tract was invaded. One patient had neoplasmatic invasion of the larynx and trachea, one patient had invasion of larynx et pharynx and in one patient tumour invaded the esophageal wall. In those patients radical surgery was done: total thyroidectomy with total laryngectomy and radical neck dissection (2 patients) and subtotal thyroidectomy with conservative neck dissection (1 patient). External beam irradiation and radioactive iodine 131 treatment followed surgery. Two patients are still alive 6 years after the treatment free of disease, and 1 patient died of unrelated causes 3 months after the surgery. Symptoms, diagnostic evaluation and treatment of thyroid papillary carcinoma invading the aerodigestive tract are detailed in paper.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hürthle cell lesions in thyroid neoplasms.

A study of nine cases of Hürthle cell lesions of the thyroid seen in a period of five years at Al-Adan Hospital, Kuwait, is presented. Chart review of physician's contact, patient follow-up and histopathological review showed two cases (22%) were due to Hürthle cell hyperplasia only, and seven (78%) were Hürthle cell tumours, of which Hürthle cell carcinoma was seen in three cases (33%) and Hürthle cell adenoma in four (44%). Of the four cases with adenoma, three (33%) had solitary lesions and one had an associated papillary carcinoma. The extent of primary surgical treatment did not affect the prognosis of adenoma. It is suggested that lobectomy with isthmectomy should be sufficient treatment for Hürthle cell adenoma, while more radical surgery should be reserved for cases with accepted malignant criteria.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

Presence of TSH receptor in thyroid neoplasms.

The nature of the TSH receptor in adenoma and carcinoma of the thyroid gland was studied using a radioreceptor assay technique. A membrane fraction of tissue homogenate was obtained by discontinuous sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation, and 125I-TSH, labelled by a lactoperoxidase method, was purified with a receptor adsorption method. Both the capacities and the association constants of high affinity receptors (4 x 10(9) M-1) and of low affinity receptors (0.073 x 10(9) M-1) observed in the normal thyroid were almost identical to those of the thyroid of Graves' disease and those of thyroid adenoma. Although the two papillary carcinomas examined were found to have two kinds of TSH receptors, one of the carcinomas showed decreased association constants for both high affinity and low affinity receptors.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1978

[Thyroid neoplasms and HL-A system].

In 40 patients with carcinoma of the thyroid gland and 301 healthy test persons who are no relatives 23 HLA-antigens of the locus A and B are typed. There was not found a statistically significant difference concerning the frequency of HLA-antigens between the two groups. The cause of the negative results of these examinations with regard to the relation between tumour and HLA is discussed.

Cytotoxicity, Immunologic↗
PubMed1977

[Early diagnosis of malignant thyroid neoplasms].

Description of the value of cytology in the ambulant diagnosis of the thyroid gland bases on more than 4000 aspiration-punctions of thyroid gland (Wohlenberg and Pfannenstiel 1974). The indications and contraindications of the aspiration-punction are specified; the scintigraphic cold area is elaborated as a domin of the aspiration-punction. The applied technique and classification of the cytological diagnoses are 99 per cent identical with the histological diagnoses. Because of the large number of pathological modifications of the thyroid gland that have been identified as definitely benign a great many operations can be avoided. The knowledge of the history and the clinical results resp. of the course of the disease prevents delay of urgently indicated operations in cases of uncertain cytological diagnoses.

Biopsy, Needle↗