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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

An in situ investigation into the abrasion of eroded dental hard tissues by a whitening dentifrice.

This crossover study aimed to investigate abrasion of previously eroded hard dental tissues by a whitening dentifrice compared to a regular dentifrice. After a 3-day lead-in period, 14 volunteers were randomly assigned to use one of the toothpastes while wearing a removable appliance, containing 3 enamel and 3 root dentine slabs on each side. On the first day salivary pellicle was allowed to form. Twice daily for the following 3 days, one side of each appliance was immersed in an acidic carbonated drink ex vivo while the other side remained unexposed. Specimens were then brushed with the allocated dentifrice. After a 3-day washout period, new sets of enamel and dentine slabs were mounted in the appliances and the participants commenced period 2 using the alternative toothpaste. Acid-treated specimens always showed more wear than untreated specimens. The whitening dentifrice did not significantly increase the wear of softened enamel compared with the regular dentifrice. Brushing with the whitening toothpaste led to significantly greater wear of sound enamel and of both eroded and sound dentine than the regular dentifrice. The results suggest that whitening dentifrices may not increase the wear of acid-softened enamel but may have a more deleterious effect on dentine than regular toothpastes.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Drug-induced disorders of teeth.

It is essential that every health care professional who is involved with the prescription or recommendation of drugs be fully aware of any resultant disorders that may arise as a side-effect. A range of drugs can affect the teeth. In this review article, drugs that have the potential to induce changes in teeth have been classified as those leading to tooth discoloration (intrinsic and extrinsic), physical damage to tooth structure (enamel, dentin, and cementum), and alteration in tooth sensitivity.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed2001

The benefits of toothpaste--real or imagined? Review of its role in tooth whitening.

The market for whitening toothpastes in the UK is burgeoning at present, but little has been published about the modes of action or efficacy of such pastes. Much is known about how the individual ingredients work, but toothpaste formulations are complex and there is potential for interaction. Studies have been undertaken to compare the efficacy of various test products, but these have used different types of trial design and consequently direct comparisons are difficult, not least because there are several ways of measuring 'whiteness', and there is no consensus of opinion between workers in this field as to the best way to record it.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of aesthetic problems in paediatric dentistry.

Aesthetic problems in childhood and adolescence can have a significant effect on psychosocial development and interaction with peers. Abnormalities of shape, size, colour and structure of the whole or part of the anterior dentition of children can lead to such problems. This article outlines the most appropriate options for the clinical management of different aetiological categories of aesthetic problems, and develops a hierarchy of intervention that should be pursued in a logical order until a satisfactory cosmetic outcome is achieved. These techniques are readily available to most dental practitioners and there is no reason for a child to have to wait until late adolescence for treatment.

Child↗
PubMed1984

A technique for removal of fluorosis stains.

Fluorosis stains can be removed permanently using the hydrochloric acid procedure described. The procedure is simple, results are immediate, and there is no patient discomfort.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

What about whiteners? Safety concerns explored.

The quest for a brighter, more attractive smile has fueled rapid growth in the marketplace for tooth whiteners. With names like BriteSmile, Denta-Lite, Ultra Lite and Whiter Teeth, these products are grabbing the attention of looks-conscious consumers. More than a dozen whiteners have flooded the market recently, most of them available by dentist prescription, a few being sold directly to consumers over the counter. There's no doubt these products work as whiteners, at least on mild to moderate stains. The looming questions is this: are they safe? This article explores that safety question and seeks to provide practicing dentists with some perspective on the issue. We don't pretend to have the definitive answer. As always, it's up to you, doctor, to decide what's best for your patients. It's up to us to provide information that helps you make those crucial decisions. That's our goal.

Carbamide Peroxide↗
PubMed1997

Cervical root resorption.

This article describes cervical root resorption, an external inflammatory root resorption arising immediately below the attachment level of the root. The pathogenesis is not fully understood, although many theories have been presented. Clinically, cervical root resorption is usually asymptomatic. The radiographic appearance is variable and is easily mistaken for that of internal root resorption. Histologically, the presentation is identical to that of other inflammatory root resorptions.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

The role of cosmetic dentistry in restoring a youthful appearance.

BACKGROUND: Dentistry is faced with a population that is getting older and keeping more of its natural teeth. Smiles show physical and esthetic signs of aging. Advances in the area of cosmetic dentistry now offer the dental profession new opportunities in conservative and esthetic restorative procedures that have the potential to reverse the signs of dental aging, thereby making patients appear younger. CASE DESCRIPTION: The physical and esthetic attributes of an aged dentition are identifiable. Tooth wear over time alters the appearance of the teeth and smile in a way that is perceptible to dentists and laypeople. Bonding and adhesive ceramic restorative procedures have the potential of reversing the esthetic manifestations of the aging process for teeth. Specific diagnostic tools, including a composite resin mock-up and construction of an incisal putty matrix, allow for previsualization of possible treatment outcomes and allow clinicians to resolve occlusal as well as esthetic treatment concerns before initiating actual treatment. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The ability to make patients look younger through cosmetic enhancement of teeth and smiles has tremendous implications for the future practice of dentistry. Dentists who have the training and skills to meet the increasing demand for esthetic procedures by patients seeking to restore a youthful appearance may find an expanded role within their practices for this type of treatment.

Dental Veneers↗
PubMed2000

A clinical evaluation of 10 percent vs. 15 percent carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening agents.

BACKGROUND: Agents with carbamide peroxide, or CP, in various concentrations are widely prescribed for at-home tooth whitening. It is not clear, however, if the more concentrated gels will whitening teeth to a greater extent, as no controlled clinical trials have been reported. The authors conducted a double-blind study of human subjects to evaluate whether a 15 percent CP tooth-whitening system was more effective than a 10 percent CP system, and to determine if tooth sensitivity increased with use of the higher concentration. METHODS: The authors recruited 57 subjects with maxillary anterior teeth of shade A3 or darker (as gauged against a value-oriented shade guide). The subjects were 18 to 65 years of age and in good general and dental health. After matching the subjects by sex and age, the authors randomly assigned them to either a control group, which used a 10 percent CP whitening agent, or an experimental group, which used a 15 percent CP agent. RESULTS: The results indicated that there was no significant difference in shade change between the groups after one week of treatment (t = 1.455, P = .05), but there was a significant difference at the end of the treatment period (t = 2.303, P < .05), as well as two weeks after treatment concluded (t = 2.248, P < .05). There was no significant difference in sensitivity (t = 1.399, P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant difference in color change between the 10 percent CP and 15 percent CP groups at the end of the study period. There was no significant difference in level of tooth sensitivity between the two groups, and the incidence was equal; there was, however, a significant difference in variability of tooth sensitivity between the two groups. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: If performed under the careful guidance of a dentist, at-home whitening is an effective treatment, regardless of whether 10 percent CP or 15 percent CP is used. There may be added color change and varying sensitivity with the use of 15 percent CP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Light augments tooth whitening with peroxide.

BACKGROUND: The authors tested the adjunctive use of light with a 15 percent peroxide gel as a single-visit, in-office tooth whitening system. METHODS: Subject (N = 87) with stained (> shade D4, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) anterior teeth were randomly assigned to test (peroxide and light), peroxide control (peroxide gel) or light control (placebo gel and light) groups and were treated for one hour. The researchers evaluated tooth shade, color and subject response at baseline and posttreatment and at three and six months posttreatment. RESULTS: The initial shade unit reduction of combined light and peroxide treatment (8.4) was greatest compared with that of peroxide alone (5.9) and of light alone (4.9). Approximately 88 percent of these effects persisted for six months. Lightness was increased and yellowness decreased to a significantly greater extent in the test group than in either control. These findings were corroborated by subject evaluation. One week after treatment, moderate to greatly increased tooth sensitivity occurred in 20 percent of test subjects, 21.7 percent of peroxide control subjects and none of the light control subjects. Neither tooth sensitivity nor gingival redness was present at the three- and six-month visits. CONCLUSIONS: Peroxide and light treatment significantly lightened the color of teeth to a greater extent than did peroxide or light alone, with a low and transient incidence of tooth sensitivity. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Light can increase the tooth-whitening effect of peroxide, thereby increasing the effectiveness of tooth-whitening procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Using microabrasive material to remove fluorosis stains.

BACKGROUND: Increased public access to fluoride has decreased the prevalence of caries and increased the prevalence of fluorosis staining. This article provides a case report involving a conservative method of removing fluorosis stain, as well as describes an in vitro test of the method. CASE DESCRIPTION: A healthy man sought treatment at New York University College of Dentistry for removal of severe, dark brown fluorosis staining on his anterior teeth. To remove the stain, the treating clinician used a microabrasive material, which leaves enamel intact, instead of a tooth-whitening agent, which requires removal of all affected enamel. METHODS: To demonstrate that enamel structure is not disturbed by the microabrasive material, the authors performed a study using scanning electron microscopy, or SEM. They viewed enamel structure under SEM at x1,000 magnification. They viewed untreated microabraded enamel and compared it with enamel that had been treated for 20 seconds with 37 percent phosphoric acid. RESULTS: An etch pattern was not discernible on the tooth treated with the microabrasive material. The enamel prisms remained intact and the cores were not exposed. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Microabrasion removes intrinsic fluorosis stain effectively while protecting enamel. In this case, an enamel shade of brown not in the range of any tooth color shade guide was reduced.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Veneer mania.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2004

Efficacy of a fluoridated hydrogen peroxide-based mouthrinse for the treatment of gingivitis: a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: A randomized clinical trial was performed to test the efficacy of a fluoridated hydrogen peroxide-based mouthrinse on gingivitis and tooth whitening in a two-phase study. The first phase (28 days) included the experimental gingivitis phase; the second phase (5 months) was the oral hygiene phase, which included rinsing. METHODS: A total of 99 subjects were included in the study and were randomly assigned to receive either placebo or test mouthrinse. Clinical measures were chosen to reflect the gingival health and tooth whiteness in an intent-to-treat study design. Statistical analyses of clinical parameters related to gingival health and tooth color were conducted, using the method of generalized estimating equations (GEE), with an exchangeable working correlation to accommodate tooth-level data. Baseline differences between the groups were adjusted. Microbial samples taken at the beginning and at the end of the study were analyzed by DNA-DNA hybridization technique, to determine whether there was any adverse shift in supragingival flora. RESULTS: Eastman bleeding index, modified gingival index, intensity of stain, and extent of stain were significantly reduced in the test group at 6 months compared to baseline (P < 0.05). In contrast, only the Eastman bleeding index was significantly reduced in the control group (P < 0.05). The reduction in the index of gingival inflammation for the test group was significantly greater than for the control group (P = 0.004). Subjects using the test rinse were also six times more likely to exhibit an improvement in tooth color after 6 months than were subjects using placebo (P = 0.002). As a result of the clinical evaluations and microbial analysis, test mouthrinse was found to be safe during a 6-month period. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the fluoridated hydrogen peroxide-based mouthrinse effectively whitens teeth and significantly reduces gingivitis.

Adult↗