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At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Landmarks in child abuse and neglect: three flowers in the desert. The whiplash shaken infant syndrome, by J. Caffey, Pediatrics, 1974;54:396-403; Covert video recordings of life-threatening child abuse: lessons for child protection, by David P. Southall et al, Pediatrics, 1997;100:735-760; Preventing child abuse and neglect: a randomized trial of nurse home visitation, by David L. Olds et al, Pediatrics, 1986;78:65-78.

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Child↗
PubMed1999

Assessment of bed temperature monitoring for detecting body movement during sleep: comparison with simultaneous video image recording and actigraphy.

This study was designed to assess changes in bed temperature as an index of body movement. Changes in the temperature of the bed or mattress were used to estimate motility and number of awakenings, and total time in bed. Simultaneous temperature records, video image recordings and actigraphic data were obtained from 12 young adults for three consecutive nights. Significant agreement of time in bed and body movement among the three measurements was found. Intra-individual variability was low for time in bed. In a second study, 10 healthy elderly subjects used a temperature monitor at home for four consecutive nights. The time in bed was 8.1 h, a little longer than for the younger adults, but not markedly different. These studies show the potential usefulness of bed temperature monitoring as an index of sleep behaviour. Although the precise sleep index could not be observed, behaviour could be evaluated simply.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Visualization of the coronary microcirculation using digital image processing.

A system was constructed to allow direct visualization of the coronary microcirculation of a beating rat heart under a microscope. An electrocardiogram (EKG) triggered strobe is used on the video recording and display system to "stop" the action of the beating heart so the surface microvessels can be directly observed. Experimental results are recorded on videotape and played back for frame-by-frame analysis of the data using digital image extraction, image enhancement and edge detection. The digital image processing techniques are designed for multi-purpose applications using recorded video images.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Psychological responses to body shape exposure in patients with bulimia nervosa.

One of the unresolved issues regarding research on bulimia nervosa concerns the question as to how patients diagnosed with bulimia nervosa respond to body image exposure. In addition, it remains unclear whether there are differential responses associated with different exposure techniques (e.g. in vivo exposure vs. exposure by visualization). The aim of the present study was to investigate psychological responses to body image exposure. Twenty participants diagnosed with bulimia nervosa (DSM IV) and twenty non-eating disordered individuals were exposed to their body image using a video recording (video confrontation). In addition, they were asked to imagine and describe the appearance of their body (imagery task). Results indicate that self-reported negative emotions increased in response to both, video confrontation and imagery task, in the clinical as well as in the control group. Furthermore, video confrontation led to more pronounced group differences than exposure by visualization (imagery task). Participants diagnosed with bulimia nervosa took less time to describe their waist, hips and bottom compared to non-eating disturbed controls. This last result could be interpreted in terms of avoidance behavior and other mechanisms during body image exposure.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

A review of diagnostic techniques in the differential diagnosis of epileptic and nonepileptic seizures.

The diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) is complex. Long-term electroencephalogram monitoring with video recording (video EEG) is the most common method of differential diagnosis of epilepsy and PNES. However, video EEG is complex, costly, and unavailable in some areas. Thus, alternative diagnostic techniques have been studied in the search for a diagnostic method that is as accurate as video EEG, but more cost effective, convenient, and readily available. This paper reviews the literature regarding possible diagnostic alternatives and organizes findings into 7 areas of study: demographic and medical history variables, seizure semiology, provocative testing, prolactin levels, single photon emission computed tomography, psychological testing, and neuropsychological testing. For each area, the literature is summarized, and conclusions about the accuracy of the technique as a diagnostic tool are drawn. Overall, it appears unlikely that any of the reviewed alternative techniques will replace video EEG monitoring; rather they may be more successful as complementary diagnostic tools. An important focus for further investigations involves combinations of diagnostic techniques for the differential diagnosis of epilepsy and PNES.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1984

[Use of videoangiography of the retina].

A system is presented with the help of which high-quality visual presentation of fluorescein angiographies is possible. The individual elements of the unit are described (TV camera, light source, adapter for the TV camera, fundus camera, video recorder, video timer). The filming process is less strenuous for the patient than serial angiography since he is no longer dazzled by high-intensity light. The pictures are available immediately after filming, thus eliminating both the cost of developing and the delay involved. The examiner can make picture adjustments during filming. The high degree of resolution of this examination method in proportion to the time required for it makes a precise analysis for the physiological and pathological hemodynamics of the retinal- and choroidal blood vessels possible.

Fluorescein Angiography↗
PubMed1985

Monitoring at the Montreal Neurological Institute.

Long-term monitoring of epileptic patients who are candidates for surgical therapy has developed at the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital over the last 15 years. Given the large number of patients being investigated, we had to develop procedures which were not labor-intensive. Our monitoring sessions require only the regular supervision of nursing staff. This allows monitoring to take place 7 days a week and 24 h a day on 2 or 3 patients, with minimal personnel requirement. The work of the EEGer is greatly simplified by the fact that the EEG tracing is reduced to the 'interesting' sections only. This was originally possible because of the concept developed by Ives et al. (1976) of delaying the EEG so that activity prior to perceptible clinical signs were always retained. The automatic detection of interictal spikes and seizures in the EEG complemented very effectively this original method of seizure recording. Video recording plays a critical role in the evaluation of seizure disorders. In order to have the maximum quality of EEG and behavior, we record them on their most appropriate medium, paper and video tape respectively; the two are synchronized by a common clock. EEGs are also recorded on a computer tape or disk and can be further analyzed for clinical and research purposes.

Canada↗
PubMed1996

A comparison of isotope penile blood flow and colour Doppler ultrasonography in the assessment of erectile dysfunction.

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether the measurement of penile blood flow by colour Doppler imaging (CDI) and the subjective impressions generated from CDI correlate with the results of measuring isotope penile blood flow (IPBF), and thus determine if CDI is a useful screening investigation for vasculogenic impotence. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study comprised 37 men with impotence of > 6 months duration. All patients underwent CDI of the penis; the maximum systolic (vmax) and minimum diastolic velocity (vmin) were recorded. Video recordings of the CDI were reviewed subsequently with no knowledge of the erectile response. Twenty-seven patients then underwent measurement of IPBF. RESULTS: There was no relationship between the results obtained from IPBF and those from CDI, nor was there a significant difference between the vmax of patients identified as having arteriogenic impotence on IPBF and that of normal men or those with venous leakage on IPBF. There was no relationship between the subjective impressions from CDI and the results from IPBF, or with erectile response. CONCLUSIONS: There was no correlation between the results obtained on IPBF and those obtained from CDI; the latter is not useful in differentiating between venogenic and arteriogenic impotence in men who have failed to have a full response to papaverine.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of cardiopulmonary resuscitation techniques using video camera recordings.

OBJECTIVE: To use video recordings to compare the performance of resuscitation teams in relation to their previous training in cardiac resuscitation. METHODS: Over a 10 month period all cardiopulmonary resuscitations carried out in an accident and emergency (A&E) resuscitation room were videotaped. The following variables were monitored: (1) time to perform three defibrillatory shocks; (2) time to give intravenous adrenaline (centrally or peripherally); (3) the numbers and grade of medical and nursing staff involved in the resuscitation; (4) the experience and training of these personnel. RESULTS: Of 101 resuscitations recorded, 69 were carried out by the A&E team alone and 32 by the hospital cardiac arrest team. Resuscitation procedures were carried out significantly more rapidly by the former. Skills and protocols were most effectively used when the resuscitation team was led by an experienced doctor who had received specific training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation, that is, Advanced Life Support course (ALS) or Advanced Cardiac Life Support course (ACLS). Such an individual was always present at A&E team resuscitations but in only 6% of cardiac arrest team resuscitations. CONCLUSIONS: ALS course completion should be regarded as a vital part of the training of any doctor involved in cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMed1997

Usefulness of short-term video EEG recording with saline induction in pseudoseizures.

OBJECTIVES: To study the usefulness of short-term recording of video electroencephalography (VEEG) as an outpatient procedure with placebo induction (PLIN) and intravenous saline in cases of pseudoseizures (Psz). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty cases of suspected Psz were enrolled. They were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 consisted of patients with frank Psz, Group 2 those where diagnosis was uncertain. VEEG recording was done and 10 ml of saline used for placebo-induction. RESULTS: Of 50 patients, 24 (48%) were in Group 1 and 26 (52%) in Group 2. Fifteen (30%) had a spontaneous event during VEEG and 33% had an event only on PLIN. The diagnosis was confirmed in 60 %. In 24% of patients anti-epileptic drugs were discontinued. CONCLUSION: Short-term monitoring with VEEG using PLIN is a useful initial screening procedure and in patients where it is inconclusive, long term recordings may be done.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Misunderstandings: a qualitative study of primary care consultations in multilingual settings, and educational implications.

BACKGROUND: Patients in inner-city areas come from increasingly diverse language and cultural backgrounds. Neither communications training modelled on local English speakers nor the provision of interpreters offer adequate solutions. AIM: To identify how patients with limited English and culturally different communication styles consult with general practitioners (GPs) in English, and to develop training strategies from both good practice and observed misunderstandings. METHODS: Randomly selected routine and emergency surgeries in 19 inner London general practices were video-recorded. The videos were viewed independently by 2 discourse analysts. Key consultations, across a wide range of English language ability, were selected and transcribed to analyse misunderstandings resulting from language/cultural differences. RESULTS: Of the 232 video recordings that were made, 20% were with patients with limited English and contained major and often extended misunderstandings. QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS: Four main categories of patient 'talk' contributing to misunderstandings are identified: (1) pronunciation and word stress; (2) intonation and speech delivery; (3) grammar, vocabulary and lack of contextual information; and (4) style of presentation. The importance of different styles of self-presentation by patients as the reason for misunderstandings is highlighted. On only 3 occasions were culturally specific health beliefs raised. CONCLUSION: It is routine for GPs in inner London practices to manage consultations with patients with culturally different communicative styles from their own. Specific training in identifying these problems and preventing/repairing them in the consultation is essential. This level of awareness-raising is more crucial than general discussions of culturally different health belief models.

Communication↗
PubMed1984

Assessing the consultation: methods of observing trainees in general practice.

We compared two different methods of observing trainees at work in general practice: the traditional one of a senior or training general practitioner sitting in during selected surgeries and the more modern video recording, with the patients' written consent. Patients who had experienced the presence of a second doctor during the consultation were less likely to show an increase in arousal after their consultations than those who had been recorded on video. Patients who refused consent to be recorded were more highly stressed than those who agreed and showed smaller decreases in stress after consultations. The presence of two doctors generated fewer reductions in stress after the consultation than video recording did, but this was a non-significant trend. The group that was recorded on video did not differ appreciably from a control group in changes in stress or arousal.

Arousal↗