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210 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Indications and results of surgery in native valve infectious endocarditis. Apropos of 104 surgically-treated cases].

From 1972 to 1984, 104 cases of aortic valve infectious endocarditis were treated surgically. The average age of the patients was 40 years and the majority were men (69/104). Forty patients had no previous cardiac disease; 44 patients had documented valvular heart disease, which was unlikely in the remaining 20 patients. There were 16 mitral valve, 55 aortic valve, 1 tricuspid, 30 mitro-aortic, 1 mitro-tricuspid and 1 mitro-aorto-tricuspid valve infections. Aerococcus viridans was isolated in only 4 out of 71 positive cultures: the prevalence of the infecting organisms was otherwise normal (30 staphylococcus, 30 streptococcus, 7 rare organisms). Forty one patients were operated because of haemodynamic deterioration, 13 for resistant infection and 13 for an association of both indications; 37 patients were operated for embolism or threatening vegetations. Eight patients were in functional Class I, 26 in Class II, 52 in Class III and 17 in Class IV. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the degree of surgical emergency (26 extremely urgent, 26 semi urgent, 32 controlled endocarditis and 20 chronic endocarditis). The actuarial survival rate was 70% at 5 years. Poor prognostic factors were the presence of previous valve disease, the isolation of a staphylococcus and an aortic valve localisation. The degree of emergency and the precise surgical indication did not seem to be important. Most patients at long term were in functional Classes I or II. There was no preferential indication for bioprosthetic or mechanical valve replacement in endocarditis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A survey of aerobic bacteria and fungi in the feces of healthy psittacine birds.

Fecal samples from 61 clinically healthy psittacine birds of a wide variety of species were cultured for bacteria and fungi. The most common bacterial isolates were gram-positive bacilli, which were recovered from 60 of the 61 birds. These organisms included Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, and Streptomyces. Gram-positive cocci, cultured from the feces of 21 of the birds, included Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus spp., Aerococcus spp., and Micrococcus spp. Only 6 of the 61 psittaciformes yielded gram-negative bacteria, with Escherichia coli being the most frequent isolate. Gram-negative bacilli were recovered from 4 of the 31 privately owned birds and 2 of the 30 petshop birds sampled. In addition to the bacteria, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus laurentii, and Aspergillus sp. were isolated from 13 fecal cultures. Candida albicans was isolated exclusively from 5 petshop birds. The number of birds yielding Corynebacterium and gram-negative bacteria increased with age, whereas the number of birds yielding lactobacilli and yeasts decreased with age. The organisms isolated and their significance as potential pathogens in psittacine birds are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Microflora in swine slurry as a parameter in determining the efficiency of deodorizing treatment. I. Continuous and discontinuous aeration treatment].

Liquid manure from the pig, fresh and stored, was treated by continuous and discontinuous aeration. The purpose was to achieve a biologically stabilized and deodorized organic material. The samples which were aerated intermittently had good decomposition rates for nitrogen compounds and even so good deodorization effects. In spite of a minimum of dissolved oxygen of appr. 0.2 mg/l, good deodorization could be achieved by intermittent aeration for 23 days. Simultaneous processes of nitrification and denitrification were observed in optimal aerated manure similar to activated sludge processes. On the other hand, significant shifts on the microflora could be shown, whereby the main part of the biota consists in the gramnegative, non fermentative organisms. In non-deodorized liquid manure, members of the genus Bacillus advanced in their growth rates. In addition to Alcaligenes-Pseudomonas organisms, the group of nonfermentative cocci (e. g. Moraxella spp., Paracoccus spp.) dominated. Their growth development during the treatment agreed very well with the results of decomposition and deodorization. The existence of Bifidobacterium and of Aerococcus in aerated pig slurry was not ascribed before.

Air↗
PubMed1983

[Cefotiam passage into the maxillary sinus tissues].

Clinical study was made on cefotiam (CTM) and the following results were obtained. Tissue concentrations of CTM were determined 1 hour after intravenous injection (CTM 1 g) in chronic sinusitis and maxillary cyst. Concentrations of CTM were 16.53 micrograms/g, 13.26 micrograms/g in mucosa of the maxillary sinus, maxillary cyst, respectively. Antibacterial activity of CTM was measured on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Aerococcus, Acidaminococcus fermentans, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius; that were isolated from pus of maxillary sinus. The highest MIC on them was 3.13 micrograms/ml.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Direct measurement of peptidoglycan cross-linking in bacteria by 15N nuclear magnetic resonance.

Cross-polarization magic angle spinning 9.12-MHz 15N nuclear magnetic resonance was used to measure the extent of peptidoglycan cross-linking within intact bacterial cells and isolated cell walls of Aerococcus viridans ATCC 10400 grown in the presence of L-[epsilon-15N]lysine. A value of 49% for the cross-linking index was found for normal cells, while for those grown in the presence of low levels of penicillin G (0.1 micrograms/ml), the cross-linking index was reduced to 35%.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of 1116 strains of pathogens isolated from infected burn wounds].

We report the analysis of 1,116 strains of pathogens isolated from infected burn wounds of 536 patients hospitalized from 1989 to 1991. From the 1,116 strains of pathogens, 39 species of aerobes and fungi were found, including 217 strains of staphylococcus aureus, 208 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 119 strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus. The positive rates of the above three bacteria were 19.4%, 18.6% and 10.6% respectively. Some opportunistic pathogens, such as bacillus cercus, aerococcus virdans and aspergillus etc. were also isolated from the burn wounds as well as the ward environments. The drug sensitivity of some of the common bacterial was determined.

Acinetobacter Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Bacterial flora of the conjunctival sac of the horse].

The AA. report the results of taxonomic research conducted on the conjunctival sac of 59 horses for identification of the present bacterial flora. In the controlled animals, it was observed, at the level of the considered niche, a community constituted of normal bacterial populations, but not autochtonous in the significance they attributed from DUBOS et al., relative to the characterization of the indigenous microbiota of the intestine. The isolated normal bacterial flora seems to be constituted of: Micrococcus (subgroup 6 of Baird-Parker, M. luteus, Micrococcus spp.) isolated in 49,15% of the samples; Staphylococcus aureus and St. epidermidis (18,64%); Moraxella osloensis, M. phenylpiruvica, M. equi and Moraxella spp. (11,86%); Bacillus cereus (11,86%); Neisseria catarrhalis (8,47%); Streptococcus equi and Str. zooepidemicus (6,77%); Corynebacterium spp. (6,77%) and Acinetobacter lwoffi (5,08%). The AA. have found, besides, a particular group of bacteria of uncertain classification, attributed to the coryneforms and found in 30,50% of the examined horses. So-called transient bacteria taxa have been considered are Streptomyces spp., isolated in the 10,16% of the controlled subjects, Aerococcus viridans and Bacillus spp. found in only one equine.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

[Therapeutic effect of lividomycin on infections of the respiratory tract (author's transl)].

Therapeutic effect of lividomycin was observed in patients with infections of the respiratory tract (infections in association with bronchiectasis, mixed infections of cavities after negative conversion of tubercle bacilli, pneumonia, and so forth). Significant improvement of clinical symptoms was observed in 15 cases and no improvement in 4 cases. Lividomycin was administered at a dose of 1 g/day for 3 to 15 days. Staphylococcus aureus (9 cases), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1 case), alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus (3 cases), Aerococcus (4 cases) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1 case) were suggested to be causative organisms in the above-mentioned patients. (In one case, however, causative organism was not determined.) Lividomycin seemed to be effective in cases of infections with Staphylococcus aureus, alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, whereas not effective in a case of infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In order to differentiate causative organisms from the organisms constantly existing on the upper respiratory tract, alkali treatment was employed as an aid for the determination of the causative organisms. However, further studies are desirable for the evaluation of this procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Gram-positive, catalase negative cocci isolated from clinical material--identification and drug sensitivity of strains].

4608 clinical specimens (including 1641 samples of blood) for bacteriological examination were obtained from patients hospitalized in different wards of National Clinical Hospital No 1 in Warsaw. Strains were cultured, identified and their sensitivity to antibacterial drugs was determined during 14 months with the use of semi-automated API (ATB-plus) system (bioMérieux, France). Strains of Gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci were separated from all cultured strains. They belonged to the genera: Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Gemella, Aerococcus and Lactococcus (538 strains altogether). 238 Streptococcus spp. strains (44.2%) and 201 Enterococcus spp. strains (37.4%)were isolated from all specimens. The greatest number of catalase-negative cocci was obtained from wound smears -420 strains, which amounts to 78.2% of all strains. Among isolates dominated E. faecalis strains -104 (19.3%) and E. faecium strains - 70 (13.0% of all isolated strains). Vancomycin was the most effective antibacterial drug against gram-positive, catalase-negative cocci isolated from patients hospitalized in our hospital. Vancomycin-resistant strains constituted from 3% to 18% of strains depending on a species.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1998

Airways microbial flora in COPD patients in stable clinical conditions and during exacerbations: a bronchoscopic investigation.

Patients affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergo frequent exacerbations of their illness characterized by increased cough and expectoration. The precise aetiology of these episodes often remains unknown. In the absence of clinical or radiographic signs of pneumonia, bacterial or viral cultures of sputum usually provide little useful information. Thus, we performed fibreoptic bronchoscopy using a protected specimen brush (PSB) to obtain uncontaminated secretions for culture from 56 patients with COPD, 16 with stable clinical conditions and 40 affected with exacerbations of the disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate bronchial microbial flora by quantitative aerobic and anaerobic culture of each specimen. Twenty five subjects (45%), 4 (16%) in stable state and 21 (84%) with COPD exacerbations, had specimens which gave rise to significant bacterial growth (> 10(3) colony forming units.mL-1). The predominant bacteria were Streptococcus pneumoniae (in 10 cases) and alpha-haemolytic streptococci (in 6 cases); other bacteria found were coagulase-negative staphylococci and Branhamella catarralis in (2 cases each), and Proteus mirabilis, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aerococcus viridans and Chromobacterium violaceum (each in a single case only). Although significant bacterial growth was more frequently found in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations and in those with a higher degree of bronchial inflammation, the differences between the two groups of patients were not statistically significant. Nevertheless, the results obtained in our study confirm the validity of and the need for reliable sampling methods (like the protected specimen brush) to demonstrate significant bacterial colonization of the airways in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Database on nucleotide sequences used as primers of microorganisms].

The data base (DB) "Primers of microorganisms" for the accumulation and systematization of information on oligonucleotide sequences, used as primers in polymerase chain reaction, has been created. This DB includes data on primers for the laboratory diagnostics of 20 bacterial genera (Aerococcus, Aeromonas, Bartonella, Borrelia, Burkholderia, Chlamydia, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Escherichia, Francisella, Helicobacter, Legionella, Listeria, Mycobacterium, Mycoplasma, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus, Vibrio, Yersinia) and 6 viral families (Arenaviridae, Flaviviridae, Hepadnaviridae, Herpesviridae, Picornaviridae, Retroviridae). DB contains data on 145 pairs of primers and 530 bibliographic sources. The retrospective depth of DB is 10 years (1987-1996), and it is replenished as new Russian and foreign documented sources of information arrive.

Bacteria↗