SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “BLOOD PLASMA”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMed1986

Blood plasma fluoride in haemodialysed patients.

Blood plasma fluoride was determined in 15 chronic haemodialysed patients (60.2 +/- 7.2 yr old) before and after a 4-h dialysis using dialysates with very low fluoride level, and in two control groups, the first of 20 healthy younger subjects (45.9 +/- 3.4 yr old), the second of 8 healthy older subjects (69.1 +/- 6.8 y old). Before haemodialysis the fluoride concentration (1.31 +/- 0.31 mumol/l; 24.8 +/- 5.9 micrograms/l), was higher than in both control groups (0.35 +/- 0.16 mumol/l; 6.6 +/- 3.1 micrograms/l and 0.44 +/- 0.16 mumol/l 8.4 +/- 3.0 micrograms/l, respectively). During dialysis, the mean fluoride concentration fell to 0.94 +/- 0.26 mumol/l, remaining however, significantly higher than in control subjects. The use of fluoride-free dialysates seems to partially compensate the effect of renal impairment since plasma fluoride is only moderately increased in these patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Effect of transcutaneous transcerebral electrostimulation as electroanesthesia on the beta-endorphin content of the cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma].

The beta-endorphin content was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood plasma of patients before and after 30 minutes of transcutaneous transcerebral electric stimulation in the electric anesthesia mode. The output current was biphasic and rectangular. It was composed of high-frequency pulse trains (peak-to-peak intensity 250-300 mA, frequency 167 kHz) modulated by low frequency (77 Hz). Electrical stimulation resulted in an appreciable increase in the beta-endorphin content in the CSF and blood plasma of patients. The data obtained attest to the intensification of the neuromodulator release to the CSF and blood plasma and to the involvement of the endorphinergic brain systems in the realization of the analgetic effect of transcutaneous transcerebral electric stimulation.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Effect of vitamins A and E on blood plasma vitamin status and daily body mass gain of different fat-tailed sheep breeds.

Ninety ram lambs of three Iranian fat-tailed sheep breeds including the Shal breed (age: 4-6 months) in one experiment and the Sanjabi and Bakhtiari breeds (6-9 months) in another experiment were assigned to five groups of 5-7 lambs each to receive a basal diet plus different levels of vitamins A and E supplementation. The groups received 0, 50 or 100 IU vitamin A/kg body mass (b.m.) and 0, 15 or 30 IU vitamin E/kg of diet. In the vitamin A groups a constant level of 15 IU vitamin E and in the vitamin E groups a constant level of 50 IU vitamin A supplementation was provided. Blood plasma samples were taken at the beginning and at the end of the experiments and the concentrations of vitamins A and E were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Vitamin A supplementation of the highest level (100 IU/kg b.m.) significantly increased the retinol content of the blood plasma in the Shal (P < 0.01) and Bakhtiari (P < 0.05) breeds. The mild increase of retinol concentration in the Sanjabi breed was not significant (P > 0.05). Vitamin A supplementation greatly decreased the alpha-tocopherol content of the blood plasma in all three breeds (P < 0.01). It increased the average daily body mass gain of lambs of the Shal breed (P < 0.01) but decreased that of Bakhtiari lambs (P < 0.05). Supplementation of vitamin E mildly decreased the retinol content of the blood plasma in all the breeds and the decrease was statistically significant (P < 0.05) for the Shal breed at the highest dose level. Vitamin E supplementation greatly increased the alpha-tocopherol concentration of the blood plasma in all the breeds (P < 0.01-0.001). It decreased the average daily body mass gain of the Shal breed (P < 0.001) but improved it in the two other breeds. That increase was statistically significant (P < 0.05) in the Bakhtiari breed. It was concluded that the Shal breed gave a better response to vitamin A supplementation while the Sanjabi and Bakhtiari breeds to vitamin E. This indicates that fat-tailed breeds have dissimilar requirements for vitamins A and E supplementation. A higher level of vitamin E intake is required for raising the alpha-tocopherol content of the blood plasma above the level critical for sheep (0.8 microgram/ml).

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Quantitative liquid chromatographic method using fluorescence detection for determining zearalenone and its metabolites in blood plasma and urine.

The liquid chromatographic (LC) method described, suitable for use with both blood plasma and urine, is applicable for determination of zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol at levels as low as 0.5 ng/mL plasma and 5 ng/mL urine. The sample is incubated overnight with beta-glucuronidase to analyze for both conjugated and unconjugated forms of zearalenone. The next day, the sample is acidified with H3PO4, extracted with chloroform, and evaporated to dryness. The residue is dissolved in toluene and loaded onto a silica gel cartridge which is washed with toluene and eluted with toluene-acetone (88 + 12). The eluate is evaporated, and the residue is dissolved in chloroform, extracted with 0.18M NaOH, neutralized with H3PO4, and re-extracted with chloroform. The chloroform extract is evaporated, dissolved in mobile phase for LC, and injected onto a normal phase column under the following chromatographic conditions: mobile phase of water-saturated dichloromethane containing 2% 1-propanol, and fluorescence detector, excitation wave-length 236 nm, and 418 nm cut-off emission filter. Recoveries of zearalenone and its metabolites from blood plasma and urine are 80-89% in the range 2.0-10 ng standard/mL plasma, and 81-90% in the range 10-30 ng standard/mL urine. This method was used to analyze blood and urine samples from a pig fed zearalenone-contaminated feed (5 mg/kg), corresponding to 80 micrograms/kg body weight. Zearalenone was rapidly metabolized to alpha-zearalenol, which appeared in the blood only 30 min after feeding. Almost all zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol was found conjugated with glucuronic acid in both blood plasma and urine.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

[Apolipoprotein A1, A2 and E content in the blood plasma of persons with dysalphalipoproteinemia].

The content of A1, A2, and E apolipoproteins in blood plasma of males (40-59 years of age) with normo-, hyper-, and hypoalphalipoproteinemia was determined by rocket immunoelectrophoresis. Considerable changes were revealed in the alphalipoprotein cholesterol/A1-apo ratio which were evidence of increased capacity of HDLP for transporting cholesterol in hyperalphalipoproteinemia and a decrease in this HDLP function in hypoalphalipoproteinemia irrespective of their concentration in blood plasma. A reverse correlative connection was revealed between the A1-apo content and the E-apo content in dysalphalipoproteinemia. It is suggested that the changes in the content of A1-apo and E-apo in blood plasma are significant in lipoprotein metabolism in dysalphalipoproteinemia.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

[Study of the state of blood plasma by the spin probe method].

To evaluate the potentialities of the spin probe method in examination of the blood plasma state, a study was made into the blood plasma bound nitroxyl radical 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5,6-benzo-gamma-carbolin-3-oxyl in healthy rabbits and those with pronounced experimental atherosclerosis. The probe absorption by high molecular plasma components was assayed in order to determine the binding constants and concentration of the binding centers, mobility of adsorbed probes and polarity of their surroundings. In the course of experimental atherosclerosis development these parameters underwent changes correlating with those of blood plasma cholesterol level. The data obtained suggest that the spin probe method may be used for assessement of the plasma state for diagnostic and research purposes.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The measuring of blood plasma antioxidant activity by the hemoglobin-hydrogen peroxide-luminol system].

The method of valuation of the blood plasma antioxidant activity (AOA) by the hemoglobin-hydrogen peroxide-luminol chemiluminescence system has been proposed. The method is based on the measuring the induction time of chemiluminescence that is directly proportional to the added volume of plasma or concentration of standard antioxidant. The ascorbate was taken as a standard. Blood plasma AOA has been expressed through the concentration of equivalent ascorbate solution (ascorbate equivalent). The influence of hemolysis and storage conditions of plasma on its detected AOA was investigated. The change of human blood plasma AOA after single administration of 2 g the ascorbate and its dynamics in patients with acute pancreatitis was studied.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1978

[Importance of determining the renin activity in the blood plasma of the renal veins in symptomatic hypertension].

In patients with vasorenal hypertension blood plasma renin activity was always higher on the side of the lesion than on the contralateral side, whereas in patients with nephrogenic hypertension and coarctation of the aorta this value was within physiological norm. After reconstructive operations in vasorenal hypertension (in an unilateral lesion) a hypotensive effect was produced when the ratio of blood plasma renin activity on the side of the lesion to that on the healthy side was 1.4 and more. The ratio of renin activity in plasma of blood in the renal veins is an important diagnostic and prognostic criterion.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Kinetic analysis of intravirion reverse transcription in the blood plasma of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals: direct assessment of resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors in vivo.

Intravirion reverse transcripts have been identified in the blood plasma of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected individuals. In the present studies, the kinetic processes of intravirion HIV-1 reverse transcription, in the blood plasma of HIV-1-infected persons treated with nevirapine, were investigated. Nevirapine is a nonnucleoside inhibitor of reverse transcriptase (RT) which decreases the level of HIV-1 viral particles in the blood plasma of infected individuals. By analyzing HIV-1 virions at different time points prior to and after initiation of nevirapine therapy in vivo, the levels of intravirion reverse transcripts have been demonstrated to be dramatically susceptible to this anti-RT agent, out of proportion to effects on plasma virion load. The intravirion reverse transcripts were also documented to rebound to the pretreatment levels, concomitant with the development of resistant viral mutants. In addition, the infectivity of HIV-1 virions dramatically decreased after nevirapine treatment, further indicating that the effects of this anti-RT agent begin within the cell-free virions. Since the levels of intravirion reverse transcripts were altered according to the susceptibility or resistance of the HIV-1 RT enzyme to this inhibitor, these data demonstrate that the formation of intravirion reverse transcripts is a dynamic process in vivo. Moreover, because the alteration in ratios between intravirion HIV-1 reverse transcripts and viral genomic RNA directly reflects the efficiency of reverse transcription, we propose that the determination of these ratios in the blood plasma of HIV-1-positive patients may be a useful and, most importantly, a direct assay to monitor the efficacy of anti-RT agents in vivo.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1992

Solubility of inert gases in PFC blood substitute, blood plasma, and mixtures.

Measurements are reported of the solubility of nonreactive gases, e.g., hydrogen and xenon, in the following liquids: (a) Oxypherol (FC-43 emulsion) blood substitute, (b) blood plasma, (c) mixtures of Oxypherol and blood plasma, and (d) perfluorotributylamine. Typical results for Ostwald solubility at 25 degrees C for Xe gas in various liquids are 0.118 in H2O, 0.12 in blood plasma, and 1.51 in N(C4F9)3. Observed solubilities for the mixtures can be calculated from the relation: L(mixture) = L(emulsion)xv(emulsion) + L (plasma)xv(plasma), in which the v's are the volume fractions in the mixture. This linear relation implies that the gas dissolves independently in each liquid in the mixture. The effect of the emulsifier (Pluronic F-68, 2.6%), on gas solubility in the mixture, is small. Results for the temperature dependence of Ostwald solubility, L(T), in the range 10-37 degrees C are reported.

Blood Substitutes↗

PubMed1991

A multilayer membrane system for blood plasma isolation for use in primary health care.

A new membrane-based device is described for the quantitative separation of plasma from blood cells using neither centrifugation nor pipetting. The concentration of cholesterol in the isolated plasma was determined using a newly developed instrument, the Primetest. The results were in good agreement with those obtained in the hospital laboratory.

Blood Specimen Collection↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Distribution of free amino acid in blood plasma and erythrocytes in Becker-Kiner muscular dystrophy].

Content of free amino acids was altered in blood plasma and erythrocytes of patients with Becker-Kiner progressive muscular dystrophy; these alterations were more distinct in blood plasma as compared with erythrocytes. Spectra of individual free amino acids were distinctly altered both in blood plasma and erythrocytes. Development of the myodystrophia process correlated with alterations in glycogen and branched-chain amino acids content. The data obtained suggest the important functions of erythrocytes in intertissue transport of free amino acids. Similarity between the alterations, observed in progressive muscular dystrophy and in other pathological states accompanied by accelerated metabolism of proteins, suggests that these impairments are among the components in the adaptation reactions to metabolic stresses.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2006

[Concentration and activity of cathepsin D in the blood plasma and serum of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm].

Concentration and activity of cathepsin D are markedly higher in the blood plasma of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm than in the blood plasma of healthy subjects. The difference results from release of big amounts of procathepsin D and increased release of the active enzyme into circulating blood of patients with aortic aneurysm. Concentration and activity of cathepsin D in the blood serum of patients with aortic aneurysm are also higher than in the serum of healthy subjects. Concentration and activity of cathepsin D are markedly higher in the blood serum of patients with aortic aneurysm and in healthy subjects as compared to the blood plasma. The difference is due to the release of marked amounts of procathepsin D and cathepsin D from morphotic elements in vitro during blood coagulation and clot retraction.

Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal↗

PubMed1975

[Antidiuretic hormone content in the blood plasma of patients with chronic circulatory insufficiency].

The antidiuretic hormone (ADH) content in the blood plasma in comparison with its osmosis, the mass of circulating blood and the Na/K ratio in the urine was studied in 59 patients with rheumatic heart disease, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis and chronic nonspecific affections of the lungs with and without circulatory insufficiency. The blood plasma ADH level is shown to increase significantly only with circulatory insufficiency of the IIB-III stage, whereas the plasma osmosis first has a tendency to rise and then gradually declines. This may suggest a deranged regulation of the ADH secretion with a higher osmosis of the plasma. No clear-cut parallelism between changes in the ADH level, the mass of circulating blood and plasma, the Na/K ratio in the urine and diurnal urinary output could be noted.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Determination of concentrations of sex steroids in blood plasma and semen of male dogs treated with delmadinone acetate or finasteride.

The concentrations of testosterone, 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone, oestradiol and oestrone were determined in peripheral blood plasma and semen of male dogs. In an experimental study, three Beagles were treated once with delmadinone acetate (1 mg kg-1 body weight, i.m.) and three were submitted to oral applications of finasteride (1 mg kg-1 body weight) once a day for 3 weeks. In a clinical study, 51 dogs of different breeds were divided into four groups according to the total number of spermatozoa in ejaculates (normospermia, slight oligozoospermia, severe oligozoospermia and azoospermia). The testosterone concentrations were significantly lower in sperm-rich ejaculate fractions and prostatic secretions compared with blood plasma (P < 0.05). The lowest concentration of testosterone was found in prostatic fluid. Concentrations of 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone were similar in blood plasma and sperm-rich fractions, and significantly lower in prostatic secretions (P < 0.05). The concentrations of oestradiol and oestrone did not differ between blood plasma and either ejaculate fraction. Significantly higher 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone concentrations and significantly lower concentrations of oestradiol and oestrone were found in prostatic secretions from azoospermic ejaculates compared with prostatic secretions of normospermic and oligozoospermic ejaculates. Delmadinone acetate and finasteride caused reversible suppression of the secretory activity of the prostate gland. The application of delmadinone acetate led to a temporary alteration of maturation of epididymal spermatozoa.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Determination of the carotenoid content of human blood plasma by light scattering].

Resonance combinational dispersion (RCD) of light was used for direct estimation of carotin in blood plasma without a previous extraction step. Intensity of RCD carotin lines in blood plasma correlated with that of standard beta-carotin solution in CCl4. Estimation of carotin concentration by means of RCD was compared with extraction-photometric procedure. The most suitable concentrations were 1.10(-5) = 1.10(-7) g/ml; 10 ml of blood plasma was sufficient for accurate measurements.

Carotenoids↗

PubMed1994

Photochemiluminescent detection of antiradical activity; III: A simple assay of ascorbate in blood plasma.

A simple procedure to determine the ascorbate in blood plasma was elaborated based on a temporary inhibition of the photo-induced, O(-.)2-mediated, chemiluminescence emanating from oxidation of luminol. To remove the interferences, mainly from urate, a simple enzyme-free one-step method for plasma sample preparation by means of a gel filtration was combined with the photochemiluminescent investigation of the eluate. The results of the photochemiluminescent assay of ascorbate coincide well (r = 0.994) with a photometric method with ascorbate oxidase. The mean value of ascorbate in human blood plasma, obtained from 37 healthy volunteers, was 59.6 +/- 25.8 mumol/l. Patients with atherosclerosis having a myocardial infarction in their anamnesis displayed significantly lower values: 27.2 +/- 12.8 mumol/l (n = 32), P < 0.001.

Antioxidants↗

PubMed1984

[Detection of blood plasma in heat-treated meat products by ultrathin-layer isoelectric focusing].

The detection of blood plasma in heat-treated meat products was performed by means of ultrathin-layer isoelectric focusing. Because of the poor solubility of denatured blood plasma in water or diluted salt solutions the extracts were concentrated by adsorption of the protein on hydroxyl apatite and subsequent elution. Desalting of the samples was done by gel chromatography. Gels with a thickness of 150 micron were used for isoelectric focusing because of their excellent resolution as well as low expenditure of time and cost. 0.2% of dry blood plasma in sausages were still detectable by the method described.

Animals↗