[Role of antihistaminics in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis].
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In this study 104 adult patients with chronic conjunctival irritation without obvious diagnosis were investigated by conjunctival scrapings. The smears were stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa or fluorescein-conjugated monoclonal antibodies prepared against Chlamydiae. In 45 cases it was possible to make a correct diagnosis of Chlamydia infection (29%) or allergy (20%).
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We have explored 67 subjects (41 women and 26 men) suffering from conjunctivitis and rhino-conjunctivitis. Prick tests, blood total and specific IgEs and total and specific IgEs and albumin in tears have shown positive prick tests for usual aero-allergens in 78% of the cases, an increase of albumin level in tears in 69% of the cases due to local inflammation and a local synthesis of IgEs in 33% of the cases. In four cases total and specific IgEs in tears were the only positive parameters in agreement with the clinical findings.
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A 63-year-old man with chronic, nonallergic rhinoconjunctivitis presented immediate adverse reactions, such as intense itching, burning, redness and severe swelling of both conjunctivae after using disodium cromoglycate eye drops. Skin prick tests and conjunctival provocation tests were positive with pure disodium cromoglycate. Circulating IgE-specific antibodies to disodium cromoglycate in serum were demonstrated by RAST. We suggest that the acute ocular reaction was caused by disodium cromoglycate and that the underlying mechanism was probably an IgE-mediated immunological reaction.
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