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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

William T. Bovie and electrosurgery.

For thousands of years human beings have used heat in the form of cautery to treat trauma and disease. By the late nineteenth century, as technology advanced, heat could be produced by electric current. In 1920 William T. Bovie, an eccentric inventor with a doctorate in plant physiology, developed an innovative electrosurgical unit that Harvey Cushing, the founder of modern neurosurgery, introduced to clinical practice. The Bovine unit passes high frequency alternating current into the body allowing the current to cut or coagulate. After 75 years this basic device remains a fundamental tool in the practice of surgery.

Electrosurgery↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of CO2 laser and electrosurgery in the treatment of rhinophyma.

A number of surgical modalities, including the CO2 laser, have been advocated for the treatment of rhinophyma. The CO2 laser has been extensively promoted for the management of many skin lesions, including warts, keloids, and various nail problems. In many instances it has been suggested that the CO2 laser holds a distinct advantage over other surgical modalities. Three patients with rhinophyma are presented. Results are compared after treating one half of the nose with biterminal electrocutting current and the other half with the beam of the CO2 laser.

Electrosurgery↗
PubMed1988

Synovisol as an irrigant for electrosurgery of joints.

The appropriate irrigation fluid for use during arthroscopic procedures should be selected on the basis of fluid-tissue and fluid-instrumentation compatibility. This study describes a new irrigation fluid, Synovisol, that is isomolar, nonhemolytic, nonantigenic, has a low viscosity, and is nonconductive. The rabbit knee was used as a model to demonstrate the immediate and long-term (3 weeks) effects of irrigation with Synovisol compared with water, normal saline, mannitol, sorbitol, glycine, and with nonirrigated controls. Results were assessed by light- and electron-microscopic evaluation of synovium and cartilage dissected from rabbit knees. While the greatest amount of damage was seen in water-treated samples, significant effects were noted with other irrigants compared with Synovisol and controls. Long-term animals showed recovery of tissues in all cases. Systemic effects evaluated by measuring plasma glycerol levels showed a transient increase that peaked at 20 min. No hemolysis was detected and kidney morphology was normal. The physiological, electrocompatible, simplicity of formula, low cost, and long-shelf-life properties of this solution makes it a fluid uniquely suited to arthroscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Transvaginal hydrolaparoscopic ovarian drilling using bipolar electrosurgery to treat anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To verify the value, feasibility, and reliability of transvaginal hydrolaparoscopic ovarian drilling using the bipolar VersaPoint system to treat clomiphene-resistant, anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: University teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Twenty-eight women. INTERVENTION: Transvaginal hydrolaparoscopic ovarian drilling using the bipolar VersaPoint spring electrode. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: After the surgical procedure, ovulation occurred spontaneously in 66.7% of women. Thirteen pregnancies occurred; eight were spontaneous, and four were achieved after induction of ovulation with clomiphene citrate and one after stimulation with gonadotropins. In 21 women whose infertility was due exclusively to anovulation, the cumulative pregnancy rate was 38% at 3 months and 76% at 6 months. No ovarian hyperstimulation or abortion occurred. The single complication was bleeding from an ovary that required conversion to laparoscopy. CONCLUSION: Transvaginal hydrolaparoscopic ovarian drilling with the bipolar VersaPoint system is a useful therapeutic option in these women.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Electrosurgery-induced generation of gases: comparison of in vitro rates of production using bipolar and monopolar electrodes.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare rates of production of gases generated by VersaPoint bipolar hysteroscopic vaporizing electrodes using normal saline and monopolar vaporizing electrodes using 1.5% glycine. DESIGN: In vitro study (Canadian Task Force classification II-1). SETTING: Laboratory. MATERIAL: Bovine cardiac muscle. INTERVENTION: Fresh morbid bovine cardiac muscle was fully immersed in normal saline for the bipolar system and in 1.5% glycine for monopolar systems. Loop and bulk vaporizing electrodes were activated by radiofrequency electrosurgical units (ESUs) appropriate for each system, at standard powers and at settings higher than those in clinical use. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Rates of gas production were calculated and data analyzed by analysis of variance. For bulk vaporizing electrodes, the highest gas production rates at standard settings occurred with monopolar electrodes and the Force 2 generator at 300 W, and the Force FX at 200 W. At slightly higher than standard 200-W settings, the VersaPoint bipolar bulk vaporizing electrode was associated with lowest gas production rates in this category. Although there were statistically significant differences between loop electrodes, the magnitude remained small at similar ESU settings, and differences are thought to be clinically insignificant. CONCLUSION: Rates of gas production in this model appeared to vary most with ESU power output settings and relatively little with electrosurgical modality (bipolar or monopolar).

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Development and use of a bipolar resectoscope in endometrial electrosurgery.

We conducted a prospective, blinded study to compare the tissue response and mechanical properties of a bipolar resectoscope with standard monopolar cutting and coagulation instruments. At the animal care facility of Tufts Medical School (Medford, MA), four surgeons blinded to instrumentation and distention media cut segments out of a rabbit uterine horn and desiccated the abdominal wall using either the bipolar device in 0.9% saline or the monopolar system in 1.5% glycine. Both systems used a Force 2 Valleylab radiofrequency generator at identical power settings. Cut and desiccated sections were fixed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin as well as Masson's trichrome to evaluate thermal damage. The pathologist was blinded to the system used to make the cut or desiccation. Both systems cut and coagulated tissue with similar properties. Most surgeons noted a longer delay from radiofrequency activation to actual cutting with the bipolar system. The depth of thermal damage when cutting or desiccating tissue was similar for the two systems. This disposable, inexpensive device allows for standard resectoscopic hardware to be transformed into a bipolar device. All current techniques of intrauterine cutting and coagulation may soon be performed in the presence of physiologic uterine distention media. Human clinical data remain to be gathered.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1996

The loop electrode: in vitro evaluation of a device for ultrasound-guided interstitial tissue ablation using radiofrequency electrosurgery.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: I developed and tested in vitro a device for ultrasound-guided monopolar radiofrequency (RF) electrosurgical interstitial tissue ablation. METHODS: The current was applied to an electrode with a distal loop form (radius = 1 cm). The superelastic properties of the electrode allowed cannula introduction in the experimental medium (calf liver) before subsequent rotation of the electrosurgical cutting electrode, resulting in cutting off and isolation of a spherical lesion interstitially. The optimal setting of the RF unit and the optimal cutting speed were evaluated. Under ultrasonographic guidance and monitoring, approximately 150 lesions were produced with different loop designs and sizes. The gross appearance was evaluated and correlated to ultrasonography. RESULTS: An output effect of 200 W was optimal for resection and cutting with the loop electrode. An ellipsoid loop configuration could produce an almost spherical lesion with a diameter of 2.0 cm interstitially. Ultrasonography could guide the introduction of the loop electrode into tissue and visualize the upper part of the lesion. CONCLUSION: The loop electrode is a technique for percutaneous ultrasonographically guided tissue ablation. It was proved to be efficient in vitro by producing 2-cm liver lesions.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transendoscopic electrosurgery of an equine pulmonary granular cell tumor.

OBJECTIVE: Description of transendoscopic electrosurgical treatment of a pulmonary granular cell tumor in a horse. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. ANIMALS: A 12-year-old Standardbred mare. METHODS: After endoscopic examination and transendoscopic biopsy, a granular cell tumor nodule was removed transendoscopically from the right principal bronchus of the sedated horse (0.02 mg/kg detomide intravenous) with a monopolar electrosurgical wire snare. Two days later, the surgical area was irradiated transendoscopically using a Nd-YAG laser. RESULTS: After surgery, the horse had no further signs of respiratory disease. Clinical and endoscopic examination and radiography performed 4 times during the following 2 years showed no evidence of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Transendoscopic electrosurgical removal of nodular masses located intraluminally in the principal bronchi is possible on the sedated standing horse. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Granular tumors are rare lung neoplasms that lead to unspecific signs of a low airway disease. Diagnosis requires endoscopic examination of the large bronchi. Early intraluminal stages can be treated transendoscopically.

Animals↗