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Results for “ERYTHROBLASTOSIS, FETAL”

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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

[Improved diagnosis fetal erythroblastosis due to Rh factors by combination of spectrophotometry (delta E 450) and a modified amniotic fluid ratio].

154 tests of amniotic fluid of 70 rh-sensitized women, won by transabdominal amniocentesis in the time between the 28th and 39th week of gestation were analysed. Besides experiential carried out spectrophotometric after Liley (estimation of delta E 450) liquor ratio were scrutinized concerning its value of statement for antenatal diagnosis in 2 variations (original liquor ratio and liquor ratio II). An equivalent pertinent judgment of delta E450 and Original liquor ratio was won. The best results were obtained with liquor ratio II and the combination of this method with delta E450. For further improvement of diagnostic reliability 2 methods of amniotic fluid analysis should be combined.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1993

Intrauterine intravascular transfusions in fetal erythroblastosis: the influence of net transfusion volume on fetal survival.

The intravascular volume load that an anemic fetus can tolerate was studied retrospectively in 124 consecutive intravascular transfusions in 35 erythroblastic fetuses. The tolerated volume load correlated well to the estimated fetal weight. Transfusion volume loads above 20 ml/kg of the estimated fetal weight resulted in a lower fetal survival. We recommend an upper transfusion limit at 20 ml/kg corresponding to approximately 20% of the feto-placental blood volume.

Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine↗
PubMed1999

Treatment of fetal erythroblastosis by intravascular transfusions: outcome at 6 years.

OBJECTIVE: To assess 6 years' neurologic outcome of a complete cohort of survivors of intrauterine intravascular transfusions. METHODS: From January 1986 to December 1991, 136 intravascular transfusions were performed in 43 fetuses presenting with signs of severe erythroblastosis. Before the initial transfusion, 11 of 43 fetuses had some degree of hydrops fetalis, and hemoglobin values ranged between 1.5 and 10.7 g/dL. Neurologic outcome of a complete cohort of 35 long-time survivors was assessed for up to 6 years by reviewing the hospital charts and questionnaires sent to the family physicians or pediatricians. RESULTS: Long-time follow-up was available in all survivors with hydrops at initial transfusion (seven of seven) and in 23 of 28 survivors without hydrops. Only one of 35 survivors had mild psychomotoric disabilities up to 1 year of age, but was free of sensorineural problems on further examination. In a second case, delayed speech development was observed. Fetuses presenting with hydrops fetalis before initial transfusion tended to have a higher perinatal mortality and had a significantly higher rate of preterm delivery (P = .03). However, moderate or severe neurologic impairment was never observed, even when severe cases with hydrops fetalis or extremely low hemoglobin levels were included. CONCLUSION: Treatment of severe fetal erythroblastosis by intrauterine intravascular transfusions is associated with a favorable neurologic long-time outcome.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1992

[Specificity and incidence of erythrocyte antibodies in pregnant patients with intrauterine transfusions for fetal erythroblastosis].

The specificity and frequency of irregular erythrocyte alloantibodies in serum obtained from 85 pregnant women managed by a total of 480 intrauterine transfusions for treatment of fetal erythroblastosis was examined over a 4-year observation period. 138 alloantibodies reactive in the indirect antiglobulin test were detected. Their specificities were widespread. The frequency of non-anti-D alloantibodies primarily responsible for fetal immunohemolysis confirmed by elution from fetal red cells increased to 8% compared with studies performed in the 70s. 16 (19%) patients developed additional alloantibodies after onset of intrauterine transfusion therapy. Regarding the fact of the high incidence of secondarily induced alloantibodies, the high prevalence of antibody mixtures and the occurrence of rare alloantibodies against blood group antigens with weak immunogenic potency, we concluded that many of the patients were 'high responders'. Therefore the role of fetomaternal transplacental hemorrhage induced by invasive intrauterine examination methods and transfusions is discussed here. It obviously has to be considered as the main cause of the immunohematologic complications.

Blood Grouping and Crossmatching↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of the renin-aldosterone system of the fetoplacental complex in fetal erythroblastosis].

Renin activity and aldosterone concentrations have been determined in amniocentesis samples and fetal plasma obtained by intrauterine umbilical vein puncture in 23 women at 25 to 34 weeks' gestation, normal or complicated by hemolytic disease of the fetus. Prior to the intrauterine interventions, Doppler studies of umbilical arterial circulation were done and 1-hour fetal diuresis was measured. Fetal plasma pH and fetoplacental flood volume were determined. Hemolytic disease was shown to increase renin activity and aldosterone concentration in the amniotic fluid and fetal plasma in parallel with reduction in the fetoplacental blood flow and 1-hour fetal diuresis, increase in vascular resistance of fetal placenta and hypoxia. The increase in renin-aldosterone activity of the fetoplacental unit may be a compensatory fetal and chorionic response to hemodynamic and water-mineral balance in the presence of impaired uteroplacental circulation.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1989

Intrauterine treatment of severe fetal erythroblastosis: intravascular transfusion with ultrasonic guidance.

Twenty intrauterine, intravascular transfusion were performed in six patients under ultrasound guidance, the earliest one in the 19th week of gestation. In all twenty attempts we were able to insert the needle into the umbilical vein, transfuse between 12 and 80 ml of packed red blood cells, and raise the hematocrit (HK) up to 57% maximally. In two cases the fetal hydrops and the ascites completely disappeared. There was one complication in case 6. Fetal bradycardia developed after transfusion of 70 ml packed red cells in the 30th week. An immediate Caesarean sections was performed. The fetus was in a good condition and developed normally. All other fetuses were born by Caesarean section between 33 and 36 weeks of gestation and have had normal development up to now. These results show that the intrauterine, intravascular application of red blood cells is superior to the intraperitoneal approach. By the direct insertion into the cord the risk of fetal lacerations is minimal. On the other hand overtransfusion may occur more easily.

Adult↗