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Safe sex?

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Condoms↗

A study of the lactational amenorrhoea method of family planning in New Zealand women.

AIM: To evaluate the acceptance and efficacy of the lactational amenorrhoea method of family planning in breastfeeding clients attending clinics of the NZ Association of Natural Family Planning. METHODS: Mothers who were fully breastfeeding their babies, were amenorrhoeic and were early postpartum were offered for the purpose of family planning either lactational amenorrhoea method or the usual fertility awareness charting method. The clients who chose lactational amenorrhoea method were contacted at monthly intervals to check if they continued to meet the lactational amenorrhoea method criteria of fully breastfeeding and amenorrhoea. The fertility awareness group followed the normal practice of clinic visits for instruction until they became autonomous users. The status of both groups were assessed at 6 months postpartum when lactational amenorrhoea method users were advised to adopt another family planning method. RESULTS: Of 149 breastfeeding clients, 110 met the lactational amenorrhoea method criteria. Seventy chose lactational amenorrhoea method, the majority (56.7%) because of its simplicity. Thirty (48.6%) of initial lactational amenorrhoea method users were able to use the method for the full 6 months postpartum period. None of the women conceived while using lactational amenorrhoea method. CONCLUSION: For mothers who choose to fully breastfeed and who maintain a state of amenorrhoea lactational amenorrhoea method is an effective means of avoiding pregnancy during the first 6 months postpartum.

Adult↗

Contraception.

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Abortion, Induced↗

Integrating the Lactational Amenorrhea Method into a family planning program in Ecuador.

This paper reports the results of a 12-month implementation study documenting the process of integrating the Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) into a multiple-method family planning service-delivery organization, the Céntro Médico de Orientación y Planificación Familiar (CEMOPLAF), in Ecuador. LAM was introduced as a family planning option in four CEMOPLAF clinics. LAM was accepted by 133 breastfeeding women during the program's first five months, representing about one-third of postpartum clients. Seventy-three percent of LAM acceptors were new to any family planning method. Follow-up interviews with a systematic sample of 67 LAM users revealed that the method was generally used correctly. Three pregnancies were reported, none by women who were following LAM as recommended. Service providers' knowledge of LAM resulted in earlier IUD insertions among breastfeeding women. Relationships with other maternal and child health organizations and programs were also established.

Adult↗

Evaluation of natural family planning programmes in Liberia and Zambia.

Studies to evaluate use-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of natural family planning (NFP) were conducted in Liberia and Zambia. The Liberian programme provided uni-purpose NFP services to 1055 clients mainly in rural areas; the Zambian programme provided NFP services integrated with MCH to 2709 clients predominantly in urban areas. The one-year life table continuation and unplanned pregnancy rates were 78.9 and 4.3 per 100 woman-years in Liberia, compared to 71.2 and 8.9 in Zambia. However, high rates of loss to follow-up mandate caution in interpretation of these results, especially in Zambia. More women progressed to autonomous NFP use in Liberia (58%) than in Zambia (35.3%). However, programme costs per couple-year protection were lower in Zambia (US$25.7) than in Liberia (US$47.1). Costs per couple-year protection were higher during learning than autonomy, and declined over time. These studies suggest that NFP programmes can achieve acceptable use- and cost-effectiveness in Africa.

Adult↗

Natural family planning: looking ahead.

Natural family planning is used by a relatively small number of people worldwide. The Institute's goal is to increase the knowledge, availability, effectiveness, and acceptability of natural family planning. To do so, the Institute is conducting biomedical research in several areas including: (1) the development of a home test kit for ovulation prediction, (2) sperm-mucus interaction, (3) the mechanisms and fertility impact of lactational amenorrhea, and (4) outcome of pregnancies in natural family planning users.

Amenorrhea↗

Ovulation devices update.

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Clinical Laboratory Techniques↗