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Angiography, gingival hyperplasia and Sturge-Weber syndrome: report of case.

This syndrome, also known as encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis, is a condition with multiple clinical findings, including vascular anomalies and intraoral involvement. The patient was a nine-year-old black boy with Sturge-Weber syndrome. He had a lesion removed and diagnosed as pyogenic granuloma. There were no complications and the tissue healed normally.

Angiography↗
PubMed1976

Diphenylhydantoin (dilantin) gingival hyperplasia: drug-induced abnormality of connective tissue.

Various degrees of gingival overgrowth may occur in individuals taking diphenylhydantoin, a drug used widely in the treatment of epilepsy. The tissue overgrowth is made up predominantly of collagen, and may therefore be a useful model for analysis of fibrosis and some other connective tissue abnormalities. Fibroblasts derived from the overgrown tissue exhibit a level of protein synthetic activity approximately twice that of comparable cells obtained from nonepileptic control individuals and from the gingiva of age-matched epileptics taking the drug but not exhibiting gingival enlargement. In addition, 20% of the protein synthesized by cells from the affected tissue is collagen, whereas collagen accounts for only about 11% of the total protein produced by control cells of both types. The drug appears to induce or select for fibroblasts characterized by enhanced levels of protein synthesis and collagen production. This alteration persists through several cell replications in vitro in the absence of drug.

Collagen↗
PubMed2001

Pregnancy and gingival hyperplasia.

The clinical manifestation of plaque-induced gingival inflammation is modulated by the hormonal imbalances during pregnancy. Different forms of severity have been described. During the first months of the pregnancy, the persistent influence of the plaque induces catarrhal inflammation of the gingiva that serves as a base for the development of hyperplastic gingivitis during the last months, modulated by the cumulating hormonal stimuli. In non-controlled cases a development of pyogenic granuloma can be observed. This lesion is rarely observed in women with poor oral hygiene in regions with local irritating factors such as improperly fit obturation or dental calculus and needs specialized treatment. During pregnancy the pyogenic granuloma when treated surgically by excision may reappear due to incomplete excision or non-adequate oral hygiene. The clinical cases presented demonstrate the necessity of prophylaxis and constant control of gingival inflammation during pregnancy and the need of specialized treatment in severe cases.

Dental Plaque↗