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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Inhibition of phytoagglutinin potency of Korean vicia unijuga by human urine.

Human urines are often examined for individual identification in medicolegal field, therefore, authors attempted to classify the urines by inhibition of agglutination potency of phytoagglutinin Korean vicia unijuga which is known as a panphytoagglutinin to human red blood cells, and demonstrated that some individuals excrete urine which has ability to interfere with the agglutination potency of vicia extracts. The inhibiting substance appears to be either a protein or a glycoprotein, for it can be eliminated by boiling the urine sample. This substance is not present in human serum, semen and saliva. Presence or absence of the inhibiting substance in the urine has no relation to the individual's blood type and a sample urine spot test yielded a high rate of inhibitory property.

Hemagglutination↗
PubMed2001

Surprising drifting of bodies along the coast of Portugal and Spain.

Ocean currents are extremely important as agents affecting the scene of death, because they may transport bodies long distances. Under these circumstances, considerable difficulty is involved when conducting the search for a missing person. Furthermore, when the victim's body is found on the shore of a foreign country, additional complications arise regarding identification. In the medicolegal literature, this issue has rarely been evaluated from a forensic point of view. In this paper, we present the medicolegal investigations performed at the Santiago de Compostela Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology (Ministry of Justice, Spain) and nine cases of identification of bodies which had drifted a considerable distance from the scene of death. The two bodies were considered to be the victims who committed suicide at the sea side, and the other seven bodies were identified as the victims of the bus accident in the Duero River, Portugal. When the distance and speed of the drifting bodies of the former two were compared to those of the latter seven bodies, it was surprising that the seven victims of the bus accident were found as clustered at the coast of Spain and some of them were pushed by the currents as much as 380 km in only 60 h. Such phenomena has never been reported, and the discovery of the majority of the corpses has had international far-reaching consequences. The identification of the victims was successfully carried out by dentistry, by DNA and in most cases, especially in those related to the bus accident in Portugal, by digital photography sent by electronic mail to the victim's home country. Attention is also given to a possible explanation related to the buoyancy and displacement of the bodies.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

The forensic pathologist and the determination of driver versus passenger in motor vehicle collisions. The need to examine injury mechanisms, occupant kinematics, vehicle dynamics, and trace evidence.

Five cases of vehicular homicide are presented in which the determination of an occupant's role in a motor vehicle collision was an important medicolegal question. The identification of the occupant's role in a motor vehicle collision can be determined by the forensic pathologist. The investigation that coordinates an examination of injury mechanisms, occupant kinematics, vehicle dynamics, and trace evidence will facilitate such a determination. This determination protects the innocent passenger, when faced with criminal or civil charges, from being falsely prosecuted as the driver. The examination of the above-mentioned components in a multi-occupant collision takes on particular forensic importance when a surviving driver claims to be a passenger: the victim rather than the assailant.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1997

Oral autopsy of unidentified burned human remains. A new procedure.

Forensic dentistry plays an increasingly important role in medicolegal investigation and identification procedures. The oral examination may be difficult because of postmortem changes, especially those of carbonized corpses. We present a new technique of oral autopsy that includes a new means of access to the oral cavity designed for application on unidentified burned human remains. This technique preserves the facial configuration of the cadaver, allowing visual recognition by family members or other persons that is fundamental if the antemortem dental records do not exist or are not available. Also, this technique permits adequate work productivity by the forensic team members and can be used in difficult working conditions, such as mass-disaster scenarios.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1996

Missed lung cancer at CT: imaging findings in nine patients.

PURPOSE: To assess the imaging findings and course of lung cancers missed on computed tomographic (CT) scans. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective review of CT scans was performed on nine patients who underwent CT examination for various clinical indications and in whom a lung cancer had been missed. Subspecialty chest radiologists determined whether retrospectively identified lesions were missed due to observer error or technical failure. RESULTS: Five missed tumors were peripheral and four were central in location. All peripheral tumors were less than 3 mm in diameter. The interval from initial examination to detection of peripheral tumors ranged from 8 to 95 months. This interval for central tumors was shorter (3-14 months). Estimated doubling times ranged from 24 to 285 days. CONCLUSION: Small lung cancers that are near the threshold for detectability may be missed at CT. Such failure of detection is attributable primarily to the poor conspicuity of lesions. Retrospective identification at CT raises medicolegal issues.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Forensic medicine aspects of the Remscheid airplane crash].

In December, 1988, an American military pilot obviously losing his orientation brought down his jet fighter into a residential area of Remscheid, FRG. This paper reports on the medicolegal experiences gained during identification the victims. The officials plants for duty in case of disaster are discussed.

Accidents, Aviation↗
PubMed1984

Immunologic characterization of human seminal leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and its medicolegal use.

A new method for identification of seminal stains is described, based on the immunologic demonstration of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), which is extremely abundant in human semen and specific for the prostate as well as semen. An antiserum against human seminal plasma was obtained by repeated immunization of rabbits with seminal plasma and Freund's adjuvant. Ouchterlony's double immunodiffusion test and Culliford's precipitin electrophoresis were performed to demonstrate specific proteins of seminal plasma. LAP activity was visualized with L-leucyl-beta-naphthylamide as substrate and with Fast Garnet GBC as coupler. The immunologic analysis of LAP produced two precipitin lines with enzyme activity. One was observed in kidney, jejunum, pancreas, prostate, as well as in semen, and was completely absorbed with kidney homogenates. The other was found only in semen and the prostate and was not absorbed with kidney homogenates. When the anti-seminal plasma serum absorbed with the kidney was used, the semen-specific LAP could be demonstrated by precipitin electrophoresis only in seminal stains stored for up to 2 months, whereas it was not demonstrated in stains from other human body fluids. By means of precipitin electrophoresis the detection of the semen-specific LAP was possible at semen dilutions of up to 1:32. The method described here greatly enhances the value of semen identification and is quite recommendable for the examination of stains in medico-legal practice.

Body Fluids↗
PubMed2001

Fingerprinting the deceased: traditional and new techniques.

Identification of the deceased is an important task in medicolegal investigations. Fingerprints rank as the most widely used identification method, although obtaining the prints from the cadaver is not always easily accomplished. Various techniques for fingerprinting decomposed, mummified and burn victims have been suggested in the literature. In the present review, the diverse fingerprinting procedures implemented for cadavers in various conditions, with an emphasis on mummified fingers, are presented.

Autopsy↗