PubMed Health⌕ Search

SEARCH · PubMed Health

Results for “IMMUNE SERUMS”

Explore indexed PubMed citations for clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health research. Read source abstracts and follow each citation to its original PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

A community outbreak of hepatitis A in a religious community in Indiana: failure of immune serum globulin to prevent the spread of infection.

An outbreak of hepatitis A occurred in a religious community in Indiana, USA. Sixty-nine cases were ascertained among the 4466 residents over a year, and the highest attack rate was in children. The management of the outbreak included the widespread use of prophylactic immune serum globulin (ISG). Despite this, further cases occurred. To guide further ISG administration, a survey was undertaken to ascertain what proportion remained susceptible to HAV infection. From a random sample of 600 people in the affected community 440 saliva specimens (73%) were obtained. Of these, 12.5% were found to be immune (95% confidence intervals from 9-16%). No changes were made to the ISG administration policy. There was no evidence to suggest that administration of ISG had any effect on the duration of the outbreak. There was a low rate of symptomatic infection among young children (less than 10 years); as ISG does not prevent the spread of the virus its use is not recommended in future outbreak situations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Correlation of IgG Fc receptors on granulocytes with serum immune complex level in systemic lupus erythematosus.

The expression of Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII on granulocytes in the blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was investigated. The relationship between the receptor expression and serum immune complex (IC) concentration was analysed. The decrease in mean fluorescence intensity of both Fc gamma RII and Fc gamma RIII of patients' granulocytes stained by specific monoclonal antibodies (using MoAb IV.3 and 3G8) was significant. The detected decrease of Fc gamma RII was inversely correlated with the high circulating IC level in patients' sera.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1977

A randomized, double blind controlled trial of the efficacy of immune serum globulin for the prevention of post-transfusion hepatitis. A Veterans Administration cooperative study.

A double blind, randomized, controlled trial has been conducted in 11 Veterans Administration hospitals during a 49-month period to compare the relative efficacies of immune serum globulin (ISG) and an albumin placebo for the prevention of post-transfusion hepatitis (PTH). A total of 2204 patients, of whom 1094 received ISG, participated in the study. The results indicate that ISG significantly reduced the incidence of icteric type non-B hepatitis only (inferred to be also type non-A hepatitis). Adverse reactions were rare, and the ISG did not significantly alter the incubation period or duration of the disease. The data suggest, however, that a similar reduction in type non-A, non-B hepatitis would have occurred had commercial blood been excluded from use. Analysis of the 241 patients who developed hepatitis indicates that type B hepatitis constituted less than 20% of the cases each year of the study. Furthermore, the efficacy of the ISG, manufactured in 1944, against apparent type non-A, non-B hepatitis suggests that this overlooked disease has existed from at least that time. Host- and transfusion-related factors that might have modified the development of PTH were examined. The use of commercial blood was observed to be the most important risk factor. It is concluded that the PTH incidence can be most effectively reduced by eliminating commercial donor blood, and continuing to screen volunteer donors for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by sensitive procedures. Of prime importance is the need to define the agent(s) responsible for type non-A, non-B hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen: immunochemical purification from standard immune serum globulin.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) may be insolubilized onto a controlled pore glass (CPG) matrix by simple adsorption from acidified serum or plasma. The resultant complex has the properties of an HBsAg-specific immunoadsorbent. In this study, CPG-HBsAg complexes have been used to adsorb anti-HBs from standard immune serum globulin. Specific antibodies were eluted with acidic or chaotropic buffers. Recoveries ranging from 29 to 46 per cent, with purifications of approximately 1000-fold were obtained. Two procedures designed to inactivate hepatitis B virus had no effect upon the immunoadsorbent properties of the CPG-HBsAg complex. The possibility of using this simple method to prepare hepatitis B immune globulin is discussed.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1970

Relationship between staphylococcal antiserum titer and zone development on immune serum plates.

A workable relationship was established between the standard serum titers of staphylococcal immune antisera and the development of precipitin zones on serum agar around colonies of staphylococcal strains producing homologous antigens (enterotoxins). The standard titer of a serum is defined as the reciprocal of that serum dilution which, with 10 mug of pure enterotoxin per ml, will give a precipitin zone 10 mm in length in single gel-diffusion tubes after 7 days of incubation at 25 C. A numerical scale was set up for determining the intensity of precipitin zones on serum agar. A reading of 3 was considered optimum. This correlated well with a standard serum titer of 25, when 1 ml of such a serum was used per 20 ml of medium per serum plate. From this relationship, the minimum volume of serum required to give optimum precipitin zone development can be calculated.

Agar↗
PubMed1994

Correlations of monocyte phagocytic receptor expressions with serum immune complex level in systemic lupus erythematosus.

The expression of Fc gamma RI, Fc gamma RII, and Fc gamma RIII (the IgG receptors CD64, CD32, CD16) as well as CR3 (the C3bi receptor, CD11b) on monocytes in the blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was investigated. The relationship between the receptor expression and the serum immune complex (IC) concentration was analysed. The decrease in mean fluorescence intensity (FI) of the Fc gamma RII of patients' monocytes stained by specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAb IV3) was very close to statistical significance (P = 0.052). The expression (FI) of CR3 (using MoAb OKM1) on monocytes of patients was also decreased, but not significantly. The detected decrease of Fc gamma RII and CR3 was inversely correlated with the high circulating immune complex level in patients' sera. At the same time, Fc gamma RI expression on SLE monocytes (using MoAb 32) was significantly elevated and this change was in parallel with the serum IC concentration.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1992

Selection of a Borrelia burgdorferi antigenic variant by cultivation in the presence of increasing amounts of homologous immune serum.

This investigation was undertaken to select antigenic variants of a Borrelia burgdorferi strain in vitro. The original strain BITS was cultivated in BSK medium supplemented with increasing concentrations of homologous hyperimmune serum raised in rabbits. After a few serial passages starting from a subinhibitory serum dilution of 1:800 in BSK up to 1:200, a variant named BITSv was obtained; it grew abundantly like the control culture in the presence of hyperimmune serum. Analysis of the antigenic pattern of the original and derived variants by Western blotting revealed that BITSv, compared to the original strain BITS, had lost the reactivity with the immune serum at the level of the oligosaccharide moiety. These experiments, designed to mimic the possible action of antibodies that arise during a Borrelia infection, suggest that lipopolysaccharides are surface located and that they play a role in the integrity of the outer membrane during the multiplication of Borrelia burgdorferi.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1987

Detection and quantitation of human enteric viruses in waste waters: increased sensitivity using a human immune serum globulin--immunoperoxidase assay on MA-104 cells.

This study demonstrates that the most sensitive method for the detection and quantitation of cultivable human enteric viruses in water samples after repassage in the MA-104 cell line is the detection of infected cells by the human immune serum globulin--immunoperoxidase (HISG-IP) method recently described by the authors. This immunoperoxidase method is up to 50 times more sensitive than a liquid overlay assay by cytopathic effect in BGM cells. The viral content of waste waters was evaluated with this new methodology. By this method the average viral content of raw sewage (RS) was 900 mpniu/L (most probable number of infectious units per litre), 1056 mpniu/L in primary effluent (PE), and 106 mpniu/L in secondary effluent (SE). With a cytopathic effect assay on BGM cells, values of 85 (RS), 56 (PE), and 2 (SE) mpniu/L were observed, a striking underestimation of the viral content of secondary effluents.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Biosynthesis and processing of a Plasmodium falciparum schizont antigen recognized by immune serum and a monoclonal antibody.

Stage-specific protein synthesis by the erythrocytic forms of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum was investigated by pulse labeling synchronous parasite cultures with [35S]methionine at 6-h intervals during a complete 48-h developmental cycle. About 40 labeled parasite proteins could be immunoprecipitated with human immune serum, and most of these were associated with the schizont stage of development. In particular, one schizont protein was a 195,000-mol wt species against which a murine monoclonal antibody was produced. This monoclonal antibody, 89.1 reacted with the parasite membrane in schizonts and also with the surface of free merozoites in the indirect immunofluorescence test. In addition to the 195,000-mol wt protein, antibody 89.1 immunoprecipitated a series of lower-molecular weight polypeptides from extracts of labeled asynchronous P. falciparum parasite cultures. These were shown to be related to the 195,000-mol wt protein by peptide mapping. Pulse-chase labeling of synchronized cultures, and immunoprecipitation with antibody 89.1, showed that specific processing of the 195,000-mol wt polypeptide to the lower-molecular-weight products in concomitant with schizont maturation and merozoite release. It is suggested that this P. falciparum protein may be analogous to a similarly processed 230,000-mol wt protective antigen of the rodent malaria parasite, P. yoelii.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Anti-endotoxin core glycolipid antibody: the preparation of immune serum of E. Coli J5].

OBJECTIVE: To prepare high titer anti-endotoxin core glycolipid (J5) antibody (CGL) for the treatment of Gram-negative bacteremia and septic shock. METHODS: Nontoxic bacterial vaccine (50 x 10(12)U/L) against E.Coli O111:B4 mutant strain J5 was prepared. J5 bacterial vaccine was injected into rabbits through ear marginal vein (saline as control preparation), one time pre three days, totally five times. Injected doses were as following: 0.1 ml, 0.2 ml, 0.4 ml, 0.6 ml, and 0.8 ml. One week after fifth injection, blood samples from heart were collected and immune serum was isolated. Indirect clotting test was used to determine the titer of antibody and cross reaction. RESULTS: Among 12 immunized rabbits, titers of antibody against E. Coli J5 were exceeding 1:1 024 in 6 rabbits, and they had cross reaction with various kinds of Gram-negative bacterial endotoxins. CONCLUSION: The titer of anti-endotoxin core glycolipid (E.Coli J5) antibody prepared by us appears to be high, and it can combine with various kinds of Gram-negative bacterial endotoxins.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effects of immune serum and cells on newborn larvae of Trichinella spiralis.

Serum and cells, collected from mice immunized by infection either with newborn larvae (NBL) or per os with infective larvae of Trichinella spiralis, were passively transferred to mice which were challenged with NBL. Serum always gave very strong protection if given before challenge but not if given within 2 h after challenge. Cells from mice immunized with NBL also gave good protection, whereas those from mice immunized per os did not. If NBL were incubated in serum from immunized mice their infectivity was reduced, but if the serum was pre-absorbed with NBL this effect was lost. Such absorbed serum did not confer immunity on recipient mice.

Absorption↗
PubMed1985

Immunoperoxidase method with human immune serum globulin for broad-spectrum detection of cultivable human enteric viruses: application to enumeration of cultivable viruses in environmental samples.

The detection and enumeration of most cultivable human enteric viruses from water is possible if samples are first inoculated onto a suitable cell line such as MA-104 or BGM. Virus growth is then detected by an indirect immunoperoxidase method with human immune serum globulin as the source of antibody to most enteric viruses. The number of positive cell cultures in the immunoperoxidase assay is used to calculate the virus titer (as a most probable number) in the sample assayed.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1979

[Psoriasis vulgaris--decrease of serum immune complexes following photochemotherapy (author's transl)].

By means of a polyethylene glycol precipitate method [6] circulating immune complexes were examinated in increased concentration in 56 percent of the sera from psoriatic patients. The effect of photochemotherapy with external administration of 8-methoxypsoralen followed by irradiation with UVA was investigated. In 12 of 13 cases the serum immune complex concentration after the therapy was normal.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1980

Antibody to hepatitis A virus in plasma of Danish blood donors and in immune serum globulin produced in Denmark.

Antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) was studied in 225 Danish blood donors. The prevalence was found to be 3% in individuals younger than 30 years but then rising with age to 78% in individuals older than 55 years. The titer of anti-HAV in 51 lots of Danish immune serum globulin (ISG) produced from June 1969 to June 1977 was found to vary between 2300 and 5900 except for 2 with titers of 14000 and 28000. The titers did not change during the period and compared well to 3 lots of ISG produced in the USA and selected by the manufacturer because of a high anti-HAV titer.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A vaccine and immune serum for ascites tumor of mice and therapy of skin tumors.

Of the 16 dyes studied, methylene blue med (MBM) was found to be the least and the most immunogenic either the dye-prepared vaccine or the dye solution injected simultaneously with ascites tumor (AT) cell suspension. The effective dosages of MBM ranged from 0.2 ml of 0.1% to 0.1 ml of 1%, i.e., 0.2-1.0 mg per mouse, weighed at 15-20 gm. Rabbits immunized with MBM-prepared vaccine produced specific antibody to AT in 2-3 weeks. Antisera produced by intraperitoneal injection were more effective than those produced by subcutaneous injection. Both rabbit immune serum and MBM dye solution were found to have therapeutic value in treatment of skin tumors induced by AT cell suspensions.

Animals↗