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Results for “Immunity, Humoral”

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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Oral immunization with PspA elicits protective humoral immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major respiratory mucosal pathogen affecting infants and children. Although a polysaccharide-based vaccine has been useful in adult populations, it does not elicit protective immunity in infants and young children. Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is a highly immunogenic surface protein produced by all strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Previous studies have shown that systemic immunization of mice with PspA can elicit protective immunity against fatal pneumococcal infection. In this study, we demonstrated that oral immunization with PspA could elicit protective immune responses against pneumococcal infection. When mice were orally immunized with PspA alone, low levels of PspA-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses were induced in serum; none was induced in secretion. On the other hand, when PspA was given orally with the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin (CT), significant levels of IgG and IgA anti-PspA responses were induced in serum. The major IgG subclass was IgG1, followed by IgG2b, a profile of antibody response supported by Th2-type cells. In addition, all mice orally immunized with PspA and CT were protected from the lethal challenge with capsular serotype 3 S. pneumoniae A66. These results suggested that an oral PspA vaccine may be a useful means of preventing pneumococcal disease.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed2006

[PLAC1/CP1 gene expression and autologous humoral immunity in gastric cancer patients].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate PLAC1/CP1 as a potential candidate gene in gastric cancer therapy. METHODS: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to detect the expression of PLAC1/CP1 mRNA in gastric cancer tissues and paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues resected from 28 patients with gastric cancer. Specific antibodies against PLAC1/CP1 were also detected by ELISA method in gastric cancer patients. RESULTS: Fourteen (50%,14/28) out of the 28 gastric cancer samples were PLAC1/CP1 mRNA positive. Of the 28 serum samples tested,eight (29%,8/28) displayed positive seroreactivity against PLAC1/CP1 antigen, accounting for 57% (8/14) of PLAC1/CP1 mRNA positive samples. CONCLUSION: PLAC1/CP1 mRNA was expressed in high frequency and induced spontaneous antibody responses in gastric cancer patients. PLAC1/CP1 may be a valuable candidate antigen in gastric cancer immunotherapy.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1998

A novel hydrophobized polysaccharide/oncoprotein complex vaccine induces in vitro and in vivo cellular and humoral immune responses against HER2-expressing murine sarcomas.

To elicit specific cellular immune responses against cancer, the development of efficient devices to deliver tumor antigen peptides to the MHC class I pathway constitutes a central issue. We report here a novel formula of hydrophobized polysaccharide nanoparticles, which can deliver a HER2 oncoprotein containing an epitope peptide to the MHC class I pathway. A protein consisting of the 147 amino-terminal amino acids of oncogene erbB-2/neu/HER2 (HER2) was complexed with two kinds of hydrophobized polysaccharides, cholesteryl group-bearing mannan (CHM) and cholesteryl group-bearing pullulan (CHP), to form nanoparticles (CHM-HER2 and CHP-HER2). CHM-HER2 and CHP-HER2 were able to induce CD3+/CD8+ CTLs against HER2-transfected syngeneic fibrosarcoma cell lines. In contrast, the oncoprotein alone failed to do so. These CTLs were Kd-restricted and specifically recognized a peptide (position 63-71) that was a part of a truncated HER2 protein used as an immunogen. In addition, vaccination by CHM-HER2 complexes led to a strongly enhanced production of IgG antibodies against HER2, whereas vaccination with HER2 proteins alone resulted in a production of antibodies at a marginal level. Mice immunized with CHM-HER2 or CHP-HER2 before tumor challenge successfully rejected HER2-transfected tumors. The complete rejection of tumors also occurred when CHM-HER2 was applied not later than 3 days after tumor implantation. In the effector phase of in vivo tumor rejection, CD8+ T cells played a major role. The results suggest that a sort of hydrophobized polysaccharide may help soluble proteins to induce cellular immunity as well enhance humoral immunity; hence, such a novel vaccine may be of potential benefit to cancer prevention and cancer therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Cellular and humoral immune responses to measles in immune adults re-immunized with measles vaccine.

The objective of this study was to characterize the kinetics of the cellular and humoral immune responses elicited by measles vaccine given to previously immune adults. The cellular and humoral immune responses to measles were measured in seven healthy adults, before vaccination and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks and 3 months after vaccination, using measles-specific T-cell proliferation and plaque reduction neutralization assays. All study subjects had detectable measles antibodies, but only six (85%) showed protective titers, defined as >1:120, before immunization. However measles-specific T-cell proliferation was not detectable before vaccination in any of the subjects. The six subjects with protective titers showed a positive stimulation index (SI) of >3.0 within the first 4 weeks after vaccination, an SI of 5 at the 4th week, and an SI of 3 at 3 months after vaccination. The subject with a low antibody titer (1:99) before vaccination developed a high SI at 3 months after vaccination. This subject was the only participant whose neutralizing antibody titers increased more than 4-fold by 3 months after vaccination. No significant increases in geometric mean titers were detected in the other six subjects during the follow-up period. These data suggest that high measles antibody titers interfere with the humoral response in subjects who receive a booster immunization, whereas the cellular response is boosted at least transiently, after revaccination.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Role of bacterial products in periodontitis: humoral immune response to Eikenella corrodens.

Eikenella corrodens can induce periodontitis-like disease in gnotobiotic rats. Some components of this bacterial cell elicit measurable humoral immune response during the development of the disease, but in this system endotoxin is not among the efficient immunogens. Because no humoral immune response could be seen to the endotoxin of Eikenella corrodens it is assumed that this endotoxin can act uncontrolled in monoinfected rats. Accordingly, the lack of protective humoral immune response to pathogenic components of Eikenella corrodens may be the major factor permitting the development of the disease described here. The possibility that both cell-mediated immunity and uncontrolled endotoxic action are parts of the pathomechanism of the disease is supported by our observations.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Humoral immunity to heterotopic corneal allografts in the rat.

Despite indications that humoral immune responses may be involved in corneal allograft rejection, few definitive reports of such responses exist, and the antigens responsible for evoking and targeting these responses remain unknown. We report the development of donor-specific humoral immunity in PVG (RT1c) rats given fully allogeneic ACI (RT1a) corneal grafts heterotopically. PVG anti-ACI cornea serum lysed ACI, but not PVG, target cells in complement-dependent cytotoxic assays. Target cells from PVG.1A or PVG.R1 congenic rats, which respectively share the entire rat major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (i.e., RT1) or only class I MHC antigens (RT1.A region) with ACI (on PVG backgrounds) were also lysed by this serum. Lysis of PVG.1A targets was significantly more extensive than lysis of PVG.R1 cells, indicating that both RT1.A and non-RT1.A antigens act as targets for cell lysis. Levels of PVG.1A and ACI target lysis were equivalent, suggesting that minor transplantation antigens were not significantly involved in this humoral response.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Splenic denervation blocks leptin-induced enhancement of humoral immunity in Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus).

Nontropical rodents have evolved adaptations to maximize winter survival, including alterations in reproduction, energy balance and immunity. Short-day-housed Siberian hamsters display reductions in body fat and decreases in humoral immunity compared with long-day hamsters. The hormone leptin, secreted by adipose tissue, varies in response to changes in body fat and has been implicated in photoperiodic changes in immunity. In addition, the metabolic effects of this hormone appear to be mediated by the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). Very little is known, however, regarding the role of the SNS in regulating the effects of leptin on immunity. The goal of the present study was to examine the effects of splenic denervation on leptin-induced immune enhancement of short-day Siberian hamsters. Male hamsters were housed in long (LD 16:8) or short days (LD 8:16) for 10 weeks. Half of the animals in each photoperiod received surgical denervations of the spleen; the remaining animals received sham operations. In addition, animals in each group were implanted with osmotic minipumps containing either leptin or vehicle. Hamsters were then injected with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and serum anti-KLH antibody production was assessed. Short-day hamsters displayed decreased humoral immunity in short versus long days; leptin attenuated the short-day decrease but did not enhance immunity of long-day hamsters. Furthermore, splenic denervation blocked the leptin-induced increase in immunity in short-day hamsters. Collectively, these data suggest that leptin plays an important role in regulating seasonal changes in humoral immunity of Siberian hamsters and the effects of leptin occur, at least in part, via changes in the SNS innervation of lymphoid tissue.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1996

[Changes in the humoral immune response in occupational exposure to metal aerosols].

The object of the study is to screen the state of the humoral immune response in the workers at the chemical plan Khimko AD-Vratsa who are in professional contact with metal aerosols, containing Cr, Ni, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Al, nitric oxides, ammonia, carbon oxide and dust. 60 workers have been covered (exposed group) with working experience of 9.89 +/- 4.07 years and the control group consisted of 60 persons from the same region working at two other plants. A comparatively high rate was established of infections of the upper respiratory ways (rhinitis, laryngitis, chronic bronchitis, rhinopharyngitis and conjunctivitis) in the both groups: in the exposed group-in 12 persons (20%) and in the control group-in 5 (8.3%) persons. The study of the humoral immune response showed activated immune defence, expressed in increasing of the serum IgG and IgA (18.56 +/- 4.79 g/l and 3.64 +/- 1.32 g/l respectively) and of C3-fraction of the complement (1.14 +/- 0.25 g/l) in comparison to the control group 0.96 +/- 0.21 g/l, p < 0.00003). In 32 (53%) exposed workers an increased values of serum IgG have been found out. This rate is considerably higher than the one of the control group (33%, p < 0.05). An increased level of HBsAg-11.7% (7/60) and 8.3% (5/60), respectively in the exposed and control groups is reported. The authors have not found convincing evidence for autoimmune response in the exposed group of workers. These facts can be hardly interpreted at this stage as trace reaction resulting from frequent infections. It is possible that this activation of the humoral immunity is related to the environment-polluting metal aerosols which influence the immune system.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Control of the humoral immune system within the rabbit oviduct.

Within the oviduct the maternal humoral immune system can react with the sperm on their way to fertilize the ovum and with preimplantation embryos which express paternal surface antigens. The embryo or sperm is destroyed by antibodies plus complement; thus control of the humoral immune system in the oviduct is advantageous. This paper confirms the absence of whole complement in the oviduct as determined by both in vivo and in vitro hemolytic assays. Further, it is established that there exists within oviductal fluid a concentration-dependent inhibition of complement activity. This inhibitor is heat labile and nondialyzable. Utilizing purification by Sephadex G-200 and ion-exchange chromatography, the complement inhibition was attributed to a family of sulfated glycoproteins secreted by the oviductal epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Influence of supplemental selenium on humoral immune responses in weaned beef calves.

Influence of supplemental Se on humoral immune response was measured in 60 weaned beef calves with marginal blood Se status. Calves were fed a Se-deficient diet consisting of corn silage, corn grain, and soybean meal. Blood Se concentrations, primary and secondary humoral immune responses to hen egg lysozyme inoculation, and weight gain were determined in a 70-day trial. Calves fed 20 mg of Se/kg of mineral mixture ad libitum had lower antibody responses (P less than 0.02), compared with calves fed 20 mg of Se/kg of mineral mixture and given 0.1 mg of Se and 0.22 IU of vitamin E/kg of body weight, IM, or with calves fed 80, 120, 160, or 200 mg of Se/kg of mineral mixture. Calves fed 80, 120, 160, or 200 mg of Se/kg of mineral mixture had higher (P less than 0.001) blood Se concentrations on day 70, compared with calves fed 20 mg of Se/kg of mineral mixture and given 0.1 mg of Se and 0.22 IU of vitamin E/kg of body weight, IM. Selenium supplementation had no effect on weight gain.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

[Local and common humoral immunity in cholelithiasis and biliary sludge].

Analysis of local and systemic humoral immunity in 75 patients with cholelithiasis (36 patients) and biliary "sludge" (39 patients) are presented in this article. The bile of these patients were examined. The sIgA reduce in the bile, that testifies to the suppression of local humoral immunity but IgG and IgM increase due to inflammatory changes of gallbladder were revealed. Increase of all immunoglobulins, especially IgA, was revealed in blood serum. The both groups of the patients had demonstrated the same changes but with different expressiveness. This fact testifies to the similarity of pathological processes in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Reductions in total body fat decrease humoral immunity.

Mounting an immune response requires substantial energy, and it is well known that marked reductions in energy availability (e.g. starvation) can suppress immune function, thus increasing disease susceptibility and compromising survival. We tested the hypothesis that moderate reductions in energy availability impair humoral immunity. Specifically, we examined the effects of partial lipectomy (LIPx) on humoral immunity in two seasonally breeding rodent species, prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) and Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus). Animals received bilateral surgical removal of epididymal white adipose tissue (EWATx), inguinal white adipose tissue (IWATx) or sham surgeries and were injected with the antigen keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH) either four or 12 weeks after surgery. In prairie voles, serum anti-KLH immunoglobulin G (IgG) did not differ significantly at four weeks. At 12 weeks, serum IgG was significantly reduced in IWATx, but not EWATx animals, compared with sham-operated animals. In Siberian hamsters, both IWATx and EWATx animals reduced serum IgG at four weeks. At 12 weeks, EWATx hamsters displayed a significant compensatory increase in IWAT pad mass compared with sham-operated hamsters, and serum IgG no longer differed from sham-operated animals. There was no significant increase in EWAT in IWATx hamsters compared with sham animals and IgG remained significantly reduced in IWATx hamsters. These results suggest that reductions in energy availability can impair humoral immunity.

Adipose Tissue↗