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PubMedDate not supplied

MR dacryocystography: comparison with dacryocystography and CT dacryocystography.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several techniques have been used to image the nasolacrimal system, providing functional (dacryoscintigraphy) or morphologic (dacryocystography, CT dacryocystography [CTD]) information. Using gadopentetate dimeglumine-diluted solution injected into the lacrimal canaliculus or instilled into the conjunctival sac, we compared the sensitivity of MR dacryocystography (MRD) with that of CTD. METHODS: Eleven healthy volunteers and 25 patients affected by primary epiphora (21 patients) or postsurgical recurrent epiphora (four patients) underwent MRD after the topical administration of contrast media or cannulation of the lacrimal canaliculus. The MR imaging findings were compared with irrigation and CTD data. All patients underwent surgical treatment (dacryocystorhinostomy), which served as a standard of reference for confirming the MRD findings. RESULTS: The topical administration of contrast-enhanced saline solution and the injection of contrast-enhanced saline solution after cannulation were always well tolerated. In healthy volunteers, outflow of contrast media was always revealed by MRD. Eight (32%) of 25 patients with epiphora had stenosis proximal to the lacrimal sac revealed by MRD, whereas 17 (68%) of 25 showed a dilated lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct stenosis, as confirmed by surgical findings. The findings of MRD after the topical administration of contrast medium and MRD after cannulation of the lacrimal canaliculus were comparable with irrigation or CTD data for all patients except one. CONCLUSION: In patients with epiphora, MR imaging performed after the topical administration of diluted contrast material can reveal stenosis of the lacrimal apparatus and can be added to the standard orbital imaging protocol when lacrimal system involvement is suspected.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1979

Silicone tube intubation of the lacrimal drainage system.

We report 158 silicone tubes placed in the lacrimal drainage systems in 150 patients. Intubation is indicated in the following: congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction, fresh canalicular lacerations, primary canalicular disease, complicated dacryocystorhinostomies, canaliculorhinostomies, and failed dacryocystorhinostomies. The procedure may be useful prophylactically before surgery or radiation of the medial canthal region.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Reconstruction of the lacrimal drainage system.

The lacrimal drainage system is both an anatomic and a physiologic system. Anatomic abnormalities may be a result of congenital defects, infection, trauma, or tumors. The physiologic action of the eyelids, if altered, will affect the tear flow as well as disturb the lacrimal pump. Physiologic and anatomic abnormalities may be defined using the Schirmer, basic secretion, Jones I and II dye, and fluorescein dye disappearance tests. Once the correct diagnosis has been made, the appropriate surgical procedures restore the system's integrity. Punctal abnormalities and eyelid malpositions require surgical correction. Canalicular lacerations should be primarily repaired. Lacrimal sac obstruction is treated with a dacryocystorhinostomy and canalicular intubation. Placement of a Jones tube is required for obstruction of the upper collecting system.

Dacryocystorhinostomy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lacrimal scintillography: advances and functional applications.

The more precise evaluation of excretory function of the lacrimal system was made possible in 1972 with the advent of lacrimal scintillography. Two significant recent advances involving the computerization of scanning are presented. Rapid sequence display, a qualitative, dynamic method of viewing excretory function, and immediately available quantitative computerized T-1/2 values improve the interpretive abilities of lacrimal scintillography. Various clinical entities investigated in this manner have been studied with dacryocystography, and anatomical exam, to confirm scintillography's ability in identifying functional pathology. We have been able to virtually eliminate false results and we recommend its use in selected lacrimal excretory investigation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Macrodacryocystography and echography in diagnosis of disorders of the lacrimal pathways.

The comparative advantages and limitations of macrodacryocystography and echography for evaluating disorders of the lacrimal system are discussed and illustrated. In our opinion, macrodacryocystography is superior to ultrasonography in identifying the site and the nature of anatomical and functional abnormalities and in evaluating the effectiveness of treatment after surgery. Echography, however, is particularly useful in the study of the lacrimal sac, especially if an occlusion of the common canaliculus prevents filling of the lacrimal sac, thus ruling out macrodacryocystography.

Humans↗