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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Development of cavernous vasculatures in livers with hepatocellular carcinoma. An autopsy study.

The incidence and morphology of cavernous vasculatures in livers with hepatocellular carcinoma were examined. These vasculatures were grossly or microscopically found in 64% of 102 autopsied livers with hepatocellular carcinoma, though the incidence of grossly visible vasculatures was only 7%. These vasculatures were preferentially found within the portal tracts in the vicinity of portal veins obstructed by tumor emboli, especially in the cases with marked tumor emboli of the portal venous system. A majority of these vasculatures showed histochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics of blood vessels. Our findings suggest that these vasculatures frequently develop as collaterals of portal veins obstructed by the tumor emboli in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed2004

[Detection, characterization and clinical significance of circulating cancer cells in patients surgically treated for breast cancer].

Recent technological advances have led to an increasing ability to detect isolated or groups of tumour cells in blood, lymph nodes or bone marrow in patients with different tumour types. However, the clinical evidence of these advances is unclear. The detection and the characterisation of circulating breast cancer cells and the eventually micrometastasis represent an important prognostic factor with therapeutic implications. The number of neoplastic cells being very small, these are not easily detected by using only cytomorphology, possibly associated to immunocytochemistry. In the last decade many studies have been directed in order to identify new assays. In the present review the Authors summarize advantages and disadvantages about two different technical approaches: molecular and immunomagnetic selection with cellular enrichment and immunocytochemistry.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1988

Biomechanical destruction of cancer cells in the heart: a rate regulator for hematogenous metastasis.

B16 and Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were introduced into the myocardium via the coronary arteries, following injection into the left ventricular cavity of mice. Bioassays show that the vast majority of the injected cells reaching the beating myocardium were destroyed in less than 5 min. The results support the hypothesis that rapid biomechanical destruction of cancer cells within the microvasculature of the heart is a significant rate regulator of hematogenous metastasis to this organ.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Venous diversion trapping and growth of blood-borne cancer cells en route to the lungs.

A proportion of W-256 tumour cells injected intravenously into a tail vein of the rat are diverted into venous plexuses en route to the lungs; here tumour cells remain trapped, proliferate and form invasive solid tumours in the pelvis and hindquarters, which cause paraplegia, metastases and death. Also, cells trapped in veins produce tumour nodules distributed along the length of the tail; this effect in markedly enhanced by temporarily arresting the outflow of blood from the tail for a few seconds only immediately after cells are injected. Continous monitoring of the radioactive signal over the lungs after W-256 cells labelled with 125IUDR were injected showed that massaging the tail or intravenously injecting isotonic saline into the tail dislodged cells trapped in veins. In heparinized rats, tail trapping was markedly reduced, although not entirely abolished, and venous trapping in vertebral and pravertebral regions was decreased. The anatomical distribution of growth of the trapped cells in rats closely resembled metastases involving dissemination via the "vertebral venous system" produced by certain cancers in man. Labelled tumour cells trapped in the lungs of untreated mature rats commenced dying rapidly in situ wiht 1-2 h after injection; the majority had disappeared within 24 h, and less than 1% of the injected tumour cells survived to form lung colonies. Experimental evidence is presented which indicates that the lungs play a vital role in rapidly eliminating a high proportion of blood-borne cancer cells in the adult individual.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Extracorporeal circulation for renal cell carcinoma with supradiaphragmatic vena caval thrombi.

Extension of tumor into the vena cava occurs in 5 to 10 per cent of the cases of renal cell carcinomas. Of these cases 14 to 39 per cent may extend to or into the right atrium. Acceptable techniques for dealing with this situation include cross-clamping the atrium, using positive pressure ventilation and extracting the thrombus with a Fogarty or Foley catheter, and extracorporeal circulation or a cardiopulmonary bypass with open excision of the tumor extension. Since 1974 we have seen 2 men and 2 women, mean age 56 years, with clear cell renal carcinomas and supradiaphragmatic vena caval tumor extension (1 with additional pulmonary embolism). None had other evidence of metastatic disease determined on staging evaluation by celiac and renal angiography, liver scan, bone scan and chest tomography. Each patient was explored with the planned use of extracorporeal circulation or cardiopulmonary bypass, Greenfield vena caval filter insertion and standard radical nephrectomy. Resection was not done in 1 patient with biopsy proved tumor eroding through the right atrial wall. He died of disease in 8 months. Of the remaining 3 patients who had the tumors completely resected 1 is alive with recurrent disease in the retroperitoneum at 44 months, 1 died of metastatic disease to the bones and liver at 39 months, and 1 died 1 day postoperatively of technical complications with no evidence of residual disease at autopsy. In the absence of metastatic disease it seems reasonable to pursue a radical surgical approach in patients with renal cell carcinoma and supradiaphragmatic tumor thrombus. The use of extracorporeal circulation and post-extraction insertion of the Greenfield vena caval filter offers the surgeon the advantage of direct visualization and better vascular control in removing the thrombus, as well as protection from the possibility of post-extraction pulmonary embolism. With the combined use of these techniques, the previously hopeless situation for these patients has been improved.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Circulating lymphocytes and the spread of myeloma. Review of the evidence.

Patients with myeloma harbour circulating lymphocytes which bear the idiotypic determinants (SIg-id+ cells) of their own myeloma protein. Circulating white cells with abnormal karyotypes have been found in other patients with this disease. SIg-id+ lymphocytes have also been identified in the peripheral blood of myeloma-tumour-bearing mice. Murine myelomas have been propagated in vivo from circulating mononuclear cells that possessed myeloma-tumour-associated antigens. This and other evidence reviewed here points strongly to the involvement of circulating lymphocyte-like stem cells in the spread of human myeloma.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Low-grade B-cell lymphomas of the splenic marginal zone: a clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 14 cases.

We have studied 14 cases of low-grade, splenic marginal zone, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The clinical presentation in all cases was with splenomegaly and, in 10 cases, circulating neoplastic lymphoid cells in the peripheral blood with involvement of bone marrow. In all cases the splenic white pulp was hyperplastic with expansion of marginal zones and varying degrees of infiltration of germinal centres by neoplastic cells. The cells were a mixture of medium sized lymphocytes with moderate amounts of cytoplasm and finely dispersed nuclear chromatin, together with occasional blast cells with small nucleoli. Satellite red pulp aggregates of tumour cells centred on small epithelioid cell clusters were seen in all cases. These appear to be a characteristic and diagnostically important feature of splenic marginal zone lymphoma. The tumour cells expressed CD20, CD45RA, bcl-2 and the antigens detected by MB2. All cases expressed IgM with light chain restriction. In addition, IgD was expressed in four cases. The follicular dendritic cell network was disrupted in those follicles which were infiltrated by tumour cells. A network of stromal myoid cells, at the periphery of the marginal zone, identified by expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin, was preserved. Alpha-smooth muscle actin positive dendritic cells were also seen within and around satellite tumour nodules in the red pulp.

Aged↗