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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Significance of the gel diffusion precipitin test for invasive amoebiasis.

The double diffusion precipitinin test for amoebiasis, has been evaluated in invasive amoebiasis. It gave positive percentages of 91-3 and 90-0 in cases of amoebic liver abscess and amoebic dysentery. False positive rates of 8-0 per cent and 0-0 per cent were obtained in miscellaneous non-amoebic disorders and in apparently healthy subjects, respectively. Its comparison with the indirect haemagglutination test revealed it to be slightly less sensitive but more specific. The agar gel precipitinin test became positive whenever the indirect haemagglutination titres were 1:256 or more. The adsorption studies revealed that both tests detected different types of antibodies. The use of the gel diffusion test is recommended as a routine method for amoebiasis as it is simple to perform in areas where sophisticated laboratory methods are not available.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1967

Agar-gel precipitin-inhibition test for coccidioidomycosis. I. Preliminary evaluation of the complement-fixation and agar-gel precipitin tests in the serodiagnosis of human coccidioidomycosis.

The agar-gel precipitin-inhibition serological test for coccidioidomycosis was a more sensitive indicator of Coccidioides immitis antibodies than the tube precipitin, the agar-gel immunodiffusion, in the complement-fixation tests in assaying monkey sera, whether these sera were from prechallenge-vaccinated or postchallenged animals. When applying this technique to the assay of human sera, an analogous finding generally persisted. However, some human sera were positive by the complement-fixation test and negative by the agar-gel precipitin-inhibition test. These sera were diffused in agar-gel against various coccidioidin complement-fixation, tube precipitin, and agar-gel precipitin-inhibition test antigens with essentially negative results.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

The effects of long-term occupational exposure to dust from herbs.

INTRODUCTION: Herbs are a heterogeneous group of many species with several thousand plants, which are used in large quantities in the pharmaceutical and food industries. The aim of the study was to analyse the health effects of long-term occupational exposure to dust from herbs. METHODS: A group of 150 people occupationally exposed to dust from herbs, consisting of farmers and workers from herbs processing industry, was examined. As a reference group, 50 urban dwellers not exposed to any kind of organic dust were examined. Examined people were interviewed with the help of the ATS questionnaire compiled by Ferris and by the questionnaire developed in the Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin, Poland for examination of work-related symptoms caused by organic dust. The lung function examination (vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV(1)), and FEV(1)/VC (%) of normal ranges) and allergological tests (skin prick test, precipitin test and inhibition of leukocyte migration (MIF) test) with microbial antigens were conducted. RESULTS: 71.3% (95% CI 64.1-78.6%) of the exposed people reported occurrence of work-related symptoms. A post-shift decrease of spirometric values (VC, VC%) was observed in the exposed group (mean decrease 2.6%, P<0.01). A significant relationship was found between the number of work-related symptoms and decrease of FEV(1) values, both before (Spearman correlation coefficient r=-0.21, P<0.05) and after work (r=-0.31, P<0.01). In allergological tests, the frequencies of positive reactions in the exposed group were significantly higher than in the reference group. Precipitins specific to Pantoea agglomerans were found in 30.6% (95% CI 23.2-38.1%) of exposed, compared to 12.0% among unexposed (P=0.01). The frequency of positive results in the migration inhibition test was significantly higher among exposed workers for all antigens tested. CONCLUSION: Long-term exposure to dust from herbs causes work-related symptoms and decrease of lung function parameters, which, finally, may lead to occupational disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Coccidioidomycosis in acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Depressed humoral as well as cellular immunity.

Progressive pulmonary coccidioidomycosis has not been previously reported in the setting of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). A patient with AIDS, progressive pulmonary coccidioidomycosis, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and disseminated cytomegalovirus is described. Diagnosis of these opportunistic pathogens was made by bronchoalveolar lavage and transbronchial lung biopsy. Results of traditional complement fixation serologic testing for cytomegalovirus were negative; however, the more sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay did indicate infection. Coccidioidal complement fixation tests, precipitin tests, counter-immunoelectrophoresis, and immunodiffusion tests demonstrated negative findings. These results provide additional evidence that some patients with AIDS have defects in humoral as well as cellular immunity.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1977

Host feeding patterns of Connecticut mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae).

Blood-engorged Coquillettidia perturbans, Psorophora ferox, Culex, Culiseta, and Aedes mosquitoes were collected principally by sweep net from salt marsh and woodland habitats in Connecticut. Of the 570 mosquitoes tested, precipitin tests identified the origins of 517 blood meals and revealed distinct host feeding patterns. Aedes mosquitoes fed chiefly on mammals; A. abserratus, A. cantator, and A. vexans showed selectivity for cattle and (or) horses. A. cantator also obtained blood from avian hosts and, in some instances, showed mixed passerine-mammal blood meals. These findings increase the vector potential of this salt marsh mosquito for eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus. Feedings on deer by A. abserratus suggest potential involvement of this mosquito in the transmission of certain subtypes of California encephalitis. Culex-pipiens, C. restuans, Culiseta melanura, and Cs. morsitans dyari acquired blood almost exclusively from passeriform birds.

Aedes↗
PubMed2004

Immunologic reactivity to work-related airborne allergens in people occupationally exposed to dust from herbs.

A group of 150 people occupationally exposed to dust from herbs were examined. The examined group consisted of 47 thyme farmers, 32 chamomile farmers, 31 sage farmers and 40 workers of herbs processing industry. As a reference group, 50 urban dwellers, not exposed to any kind of organic dust, were examined. Skin prick tests and precipitin tests were conducted with, respectively, 4 and 11 microbial antigens associated with organic dust. Both skin and precipitin tests were also conducted with herbal extracts of chamomile and sage. Precipitin tests were carried out with sera not concentrated and sera 3-fold concentrated. Tests for inhibition of leukocyte migration (MIF) were also conducted with 4 microbial antigens. People occupationally exposed to dust from herbs showed a higher frequency of positive skin reactions to microbial antigens compared to the reference group. The results of precipitin test also revealed greater reactivity to the environmental microbial antigens in the examined group, compared to the reference group. The highest frequency of positive results was noted with the antigen of Pantoea agglomerans (30.6 % with sera not concentrated and 48.3 % with sera 3-fold concentrated) - the difference compared to the reference group (12.0 %) was highly significant (p < 0.01). The frequencies of positive results of MIF test in the examined group were high with all antigens tested: Arthrobacter globiformis (12.6 %), Pantoea agglomerans (11.1 %), Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula (17.0 %), Aspergillus fumigatus (13.3 %), and, compared to the reference group with no positive result for any antigen, all the differences were significant (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the frequency of positive allergological reactions to airborne microorganisms was high in people occupationally exposed to dust from herbs and suggests a potential role of microbial allergens in the pathogenesis of work-related health disorders among herb workers. The risk of sensitization seems to be greatest among thyme farmers, who showed the highest positive response. The results confirmed the particular allergenic importance of Gram-negative bacterium Pantoea agglomerans.

Adolescent↗