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PubMed1985

Inhibitory effect of propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism in rat on oxidative drug metabolism.

The effect of propylthiouracil (PTU) pretreatment on in vivo and in vitro oxidative drug metabolism was determined in the rat. Whereas pentobarbital sleeping time (PBST) and zoxazolamine paralysis time (ZZPT) were used as indices of in vivo drug metabolizing activity, biotransformation of aminopyrine and aniline by hepatic microsomal preparations were used as indices of in vitro drug metabolizing enzymes activities. PTU pretreatment significantly prolonged both PBST and ZZPT. Whereas PTU did not affect microsomal protein concentration or cytochrome P-450 content, it significantly decreased microsomal cytochrome c reductase and aniline hydroxylase activities. These changes in enzymatic activities were observed in microsomal preparations from either non-fasted or 24-hr fasted rats. Our results suggest that PTU-induced hypothyroidism modifies the metabolism and effectiveness or toxicity of concomitantly administered drugs.

Aminopyrine↗

PubMed1986

Propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroid hyperlipidemic chick: a model for clofibrate-induced toxicity.

An animal model for clinically observed clofibrate (p-chlorophenoxy isobutyrate, CPIB)-induced toxicity has been tested. It is demonstrated that propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroid-hyperlipidemic chick develops severe toxic manifestations following clofibrate administration. Toxic symptoms are characterized by listlessness, drowziness, and extreme muscular weakness. This is associated with elevation of blood urea nitrogen, creatine phosphokinase, uric acid and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase. Histological examination of muscle specimen from chicks exhibiting toxic syndrome showed degeneration and vacuolization of muscle fibers. The biochemical and histological changes observed are quite similar to those reported in clinical practice in some patients given clofibrate. It is suggested that this chick model could be used to investigate the biochemical basis of clofibrate toxicity.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

Effect of an antithyroid agent (propylthiouracil) and L-ascorbic acid on mixed-function oxidase and drug metabolism in hepatic microsomes of chickens.

1. The experiments were undertaken to determine if an antithyroid agent (propylthiouracil, PTU) and/or ascorbic acid (AA) affect mixed-function oxidase (MFO) in hepatic microsomes of male broiler chicks. 2. Feeding PTU increased the MFO activity in a dose-related manner. Addition of AA to the PTU-containing diet further increased the content of cytochromes P-450 and b5, but not the activities of NADPH-cytochrome c and NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, and the drug-metabolizing enzymes. 3. Supplemental AA induced cytochrome b5 rather than cytochrome P-450.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

The relationship between phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) and 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster status and taste thresholds for sucrose and quinine.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of taster status with taste detection and recognition thresholds for sucrose and quinine. DESIGN: Sixty-nine subjects (35 men and 34 women; mean age, 23.9+/-1.2 years) were included. Stimulus fluids were prepared, one each for phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), sucrose and quinine HCl. In each series, successive solutions, which comprised a total of 15 grades, differed by 0.25log units of the molar concentration. Two concentrations of NaCl (0.32 and 1.0 M) were prepared. The subjects were classified as nontasters and tasters using their PTC and PROP perceptions. Tasters were classified as medium-tasters and supertasters by the ratio of perceived bitterness of above-threshold PROP relative to the perceived saltiness of NaCl (PROP ratio). Taste detection and recognition thresholds for sucrose and quinine were determined by standard two-alternative forced choice trials. A Student's t-test, a Pearson's correlation analysis and linear contrasts in a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used. RESULTS: The percentages of nontaster, medium-taster and supertaster were 13, 70 and 17%, respectively. There were no significant gender differences in the taste detection and recognition thresholds for sucrose and quinine. The threshold for PTC and PROP showed significant correlations with taste threshold for quinine. Linear contrast in one-way ANOVA showed that the greater the value of PROP ratio, the more sensitive to sweet and bitter tastes (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The PTC and PROP taster status is closely related with taste detection and recognition thresholds for sucrose and quinine.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Propylthiouracil, independent of its antithyroid effect, produces endothelium-dependent vasodilatation through induction of nitric oxide bioactivity.

OBJECTIVE: Propylthiouracil (PTU), independent of its antithyroid effect, is recently found to have a potent antiatherosclerotic effect. The aim of this study is to investigate whether PTU has a beneficial effect on endothelial function. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ninety patients with a history of hyperthyroidism receiving either PTU (n=45) or methimazole (MMI) (n=45) during the euthyroid status were enrolled in this study. Brachial artery endothelium-dependent (flow-mediated dilatation [FMD]) and endothelium-independent (nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation) responses were assessed by high-resolution ultrasound image. Data for these two groups were compared with those of 41 healthy control subjects. The FMD values were significantly increased in patients maintained on PTU versus those in the MMI and control groups (9.3+/-4.4%, 3.4+/-2.5%, and 3.6+/-3.4%, respectively; P<0.01). Nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation had no significant difference between the PTU, MMI, and control groups (17.4+/-7.5%, 15.9+/-6.1%, and 17.5+/-6.8%, respectively; P=0.455). On multivariate analysis, no significant relationship was found between the FMD and thyroid hormone index levels. To further elucidate whether PTU has a direct effect on endothelial function, the effect of PTU on isolated segments of Sprague-Dawley rat aorta was studied. Vasodilatation induced by PTU was endothelium-dependent and could be blocked by pretreatment with nitric oxide (NO) inhibitors. PTU also increased NO formation in aortic segments. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that PTU produced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation through thyroid-independent and NO-mediated mechanisms that may contribute to its beneficial effect on atherosclerosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Anti-myeloperoxidase IgG subclass distribution and avidity in sera from patients with propylthiouracil-induced antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies associated vasculitis.

OBJECTIVE: Propylthiouracil (PTU) could induce MPO-ANCA-positive vasculitis. The aim of this study was to compare the IgG subclass distribution and avidity of MPO-ANCA in sera from patients with primary ANCA-associated vasculitis (AASV) and PTU-induced vasculitis. METHODS: Nineteen patients with primary AASV with MPO-ANCA and thirteen patients with PTU-induced vasculitis were enrolled in the current study. Sera in both active phase and remission were collected. Anti-MPO IgG subclasses were detected by antigen specific ELISAs using specific monoclonal antibodies as second antibodies, and MPO-ANCA avidity was assessed by antigen-inhibition ELISAs. RESULTS: In primary AASV, all four anti-MPO IgG subclasses could be detected in active phase with IgG1 (100%), IgG2 (73.7%), IgG3 (63.2%) and IgG4 (94.7%), and in remission, IgG1 and IgG4 subclasses in most patients remained positive. However, in PTU-induced vasculitis, anti-MPO IgG3 subclass could not be detected, the anti-MPO IgG subclasses in active phase were IgG1 (100%), IgG2 (61.5%) and IgG4 (46.2%). Furthermore, five out of the six patients (88.8%) with PTU-induced vasculitis with positive IgG4 subclass in active phase turned to negative in remission, however, only eight out of the fourteen patients (57.1%) with primary AASV turned to negative. The median avidity constant of MPO-ANCA was 56 (8.96 to >140) x 10(7) mol/l for patients with primary AASV and 0.7 (<0.28 to >140) x 10(7) mol/l for patients with PTU-induced vasculitis respectively. Furthermore, the relative levels of MPO-ANCA avidity were associated with elevation of ESR in primary AASV and were associated with BVAS scores in patients with PTU-induced vasculitis, respectively. CONCLUSION: MPO-ANCA IgG subclass distribution and avidity were different between patients with primary AASV and PTU-induced vasculitis. It was suggested that the mechanism of ANCA production in PTU-induced vasculitis was different from that in primary AASV, and the avidity of MPO-ANCA might be associated with disease activity.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Inhibition of oxidation activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) by propylthiouracil (PTU) and anti-MPO antibodies from patients with PTU-induced vasculitis.

Propylthiouracil (PTU) could induce antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects on MPO oxidation activity by PTU and MPO-ANCA from patients with primary microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and PTU-induced vasculitis. IgG preparations were purified from MPO-ANCA-positive sera from seven patients with PTU-induced vasculitis and ten patients with primary MPA. The oxidation activity of MPO was measured in the presence of PTU and MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations from patients with PTU-induced vasculitis and primary MPA respectively. PTU could competitively inhibit the oxidation activity of MPO dose dependently. MPO-ANCA-positive IgG preparations from 6/7 patients with PTU-induced vasculitis and only 3/10 from patients with primary MPA could inhibit the MPO activity in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusions, the oxidation activity of MPO could be inhibited by PTU and PTU-induced MPO-ANCA in a dose-dependent manner, which might be involved in the pathogenesis PTU-induced vasculitis.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

The molecular basis of individual differences in phenylthiocarbamide and propylthiouracil bitterness perception.

Individual differences in perception are ubiquitous within the chemical senses: taste, smell, and chemical somesthesis . A hypothesis of this fact states that polymorphisms in human sensory receptor genes could alter perception by coding for functionally distinct receptor types . We have previously reported evidence that sequence variants in a presumptive bitter receptor gene (hTAS2R38) correlate with differences in bitterness recognition of phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) . Here, we map individual psychogenomic pathways for bitter taste by testing people with a variety of psychophysical tasks and linking their individual perceptions of the compounds PTC and propylthiouracil (PROP) to the in vitro responses of their TAS2R38 receptor variants. Functional expression studies demonstrate that five different haplotypes from the hTAS2R38 gene code for operatively distinct receptors. The responses of the three haplotypes we also tested in vivo correlate strongly with individuals' psychophysical bitter sensitivities to a family of compounds. These data provide a direct molecular link between heritable variability in bitter taste perception to functional variations of a single G protein coupled receptor that responds to compounds such as PTC and PROP that contain the N-C=S moiety. The molecular mechanisms of perceived bitterness variability have therapeutic implications, such as helping patients to consume beneficial bitter-tasting compounds-for example, pharmaceuticals and selected phytochemicals.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

The target antigens of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) induced by propylthiouracil.

OBJECTIVE: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) has been well documented in association with propylthiouracil (PTU), and some patients with PTU-induced ANCA also develop clinical vasculitis. The aim of the current study was to detect ANCA specificities in sera from patients with PTU-induced ANCA with and without clinical vasculitis. METHODS: Sera from 65 patients with PTU-induced ANCA were collected, and 27 of these patients were diagnosed with PTU-induced ANCA associated systemic vasculitis (AASV). Indirect immunofluorescence assay and antigen-specific ELISAs were used to detect ANCA and their antigen specificities. The seven known target antigens included myeloperoxidase (MPO), proteinase 3, human leukocyte elastase, lactoferrin, cathepsin G, azurocidin and bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI). RESULTS: In IIF assay, P-ANCA was found in 58/65 (89.2%) sera, C-ANCA in two, both P-ANCA and C-ANCA in five, respectively. MPO (60%) and lactoferrin (63.1%) were the two most common target antigens detected in sera from all the patients. 25/27 sera from patients with PTU-induced AASV recognized multiple target antigens, which was significantly higher than those (13/38) from patients without (P<0.001). Except anti-BPI antibodies, the prevalence of antibodies against the other six target antigens was significantly higher in patients with clinical vasculitis than that in patients without (P<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: Antibodies against multiple ANCA specific antigens, especially the antigens rather than MPO and PR3, might be the characteristic of PTU-induced ANCA. Patients with antibodies against more ANCA specific antigens might be at increased risk of developing overt clinical vasculitis. The mechanism of ANCA production in PTU-induced cases was different from that in primary AASV.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Propylthiouracil and thiamazole do not alter in vitro neutrophil oxidative burst.

Propylthiouracil and thiamazole are thionamides used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. In addition to reducing thyroid hormone synthesis, these drugs have other activities that improve the hypermetabolic state of the patients as well as adverse and toxic effects. The capacity of these 2 drugs to interfere with the production of reactive oxygen species of human neutrophils exposed in vitro to these drugs was evaluated. The production of reactive oxygen species was assessed by chemiluminescence assays and the cells were stimulated with zymosan particles opsonized with a pool of normal human serum. No alteration was found in the chemiluminescence response of treated human neutrophils when compared to controls. The results show that these drugs, at the studied concentrations and with the experimental approach used, have no direct effect on the production of oxidative burst of neutrophils. We conclude that if these drugs have any action on the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils these might include some metabolization steps that do not take place in this in vitro model.

Antimetabolites↗

PubMed2006

Propylthiouracil-induced autoimmune syndromes: two distinct clinical presentations with different course and management.

OBJECTIVES: To report 4 cases of propythiouracil (PTU)-induced lupus or vasculitis and to review the literature on that subject. METHODS: We describe the clinical presentation, course, and outcome of 4 patients and review the medical literature registered in the Medline PubMed database from 1966 to 2004 by using the keywords: Graves, thyrotoxicosis, propylthiouracil, lupus, vasculitis, arthritis, rash, ANA, and ANCA. Cases were classified into drug-induced lupus (DIL) or vasculitis using accepted definitions and evaluated with emphasis on gender, age, origin, duration of treatment, delay in diagnosis, clinical and serological features, and outcome. RESULTS: We described our 4 patients and analyzed 42 well-documented cases of DIL- and PTU-induced vasculitis (30 had vasculitis and 12 fulfilled the classification criteria of DIL). Patients with vasculitis were significantly older (mean 43 versus 22 years) and had a longer duration of treatment in comparison with DIL (35 versus 24 weeks). Musculoskeletal symptoms were prominent in DIL, while renal and pulmonary involvement was found in a significantly higher proportion of PTU-induced vasculitis. ANA, anti-DNA, and anti-histone were predominantly found in DIL, while p-ANCA was found in a similar proportion of patients in both groups. c-ANCA was detected only in patients with vasculitis. All patients with DIL completely recovered (most after stopping PTU), while about 50% of PTU-induced vasculitis needed steroids or immunosuppressive drugs, including cyclophosphamide and plasmapheresis. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the cases of PTU-induced autoimmune phenomena are due to vasculitis. Despite the common presence of p-ANCA in both DIL- and PTU-induced vasculitis, substantial differences in demographic, clinical, and outcome features of these entities allow an accurate diagnosis and consequent management.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Propylthiouracil alters the expression and activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes in the mouse olfactory mucosa.

Propylthiouracil (PTU) is an anti-thyroid drug that reportedly can impair olfactory function in humans and mice. In the mouse, PTU treatment disrupts survival and differentiation of olfactory precursor neurons. While the mechanism responsible for this effect is not understood, it is suspected that these changes are consequent to localized toxicity due to PTU metabolism. In vitro and in vivo studies in other biological systems demonstrate that PTU can significantly alter glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme expression and activity. The localization of GST biotransformation enzymes in basal cells, sustentacular cells and Bowman's glands of the olfactory mucosa suggests that these cells play a significant role in olfactory physiology. This study investigated the effects of PTU treatment, T(4) replacement therapy and thyroidectomy on GST expression, GST and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activity in mouse olfactory tissue. One month treatment with PTU revealed a significant decrease in expression of GST alpha (37%) as identified by Western blot analysis. In contrast, no change in GST mu expression was observed after 1 month of treatment. Concomitant treatment with T(4) caused a significant induction of GST alpha, and mu isozymes. GST enzyme activity significantly decreased after 1 month of PTU treatment (53%) and remained suppressed, despite the presence of exogenous T(4). GSH-PX activity significantly decreased after 1 month of PTU treatment (30%) and remained at control levels with T(4) supplementation. Thyroidectomy caused a 25% reduction in olfactory GST alpha expression. Total GST and GSH-PX activity were not altered in these animals. Supplementation with T(4) in thyroidectomized animals prevented the suppression of GST alpha expression. These results suggest that the combined action of localized PTU toxicity and altered levels of circulating thyroid hormone contribute to PTU-mediated abnormalities in the olfactory system.

Animals↗

PubMed2002

Antioxidant potential of propylthiouracil in patients with psoriasis.

OBJECTIVE: There is growing evidence supporting the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Propylthiouracil(PTU), an antithyroid drug, has been shown to have beneficial effects on psoriasis. The aim of this study was to investigate both disturbances in oxidant/antioxidant system in psoriasis and whether PTU, shown to have immunomodulatory effects and antioxidant potential, has effects on oxidant/antioxidant system and clinical improvement in psoriatics. DESIGN AND METHODS: Malondialdehyde (MDA), end product of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and antioxidant enzymes were measured in plasma, erythrocytes and skin biopsies of psoriatics who were resistant to conventional therapy before and after 8 weeks of oral treatment with PTU (300 mg/day) or PTU/thyroxine (25 microg/day- to prevent possible hypothyroidism). The same parameters were also studied in healthy controls. Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores were used to evaluate the severity of the disease, and routine analyses and thyroid function tests were measured during the study. RESULTS: Increased baseline MDA in all samples were found to be lower. In addition baseline SOD and GSH-Px in skin and erythrocytes were also lower. The increased plasma SOD levels in skin and erythrocytes of the study groups was found to be higher and lower,respectively in all patients after the treatment. No tissue parameters or erythrocyte GSH-Px were different from control levels at the end of the study. Significant clinical improvement and decreased PASI scores were observed in all patients. Post treatment TSH levels were higher in all patients, but these levels were within the reference range and none had clinical hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION: These findings may provide some evidence for a potential role of increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant activity in psoriasis. PTU may be considered as treatment model in psoriasis, in particular for resistant cases, because of its antioxidant potential, and also antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

Effects of propylthiouracil, propranolol, and vitamin E on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in hyperthyroid patients.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine lipid peroxidation and antioxidant states during hyperthyroidism states and after given different treatments. DESIGN AND METHODS: We examined 44 hyperthyroid patients and 19 euthyroid healthy controls. Patients were divided into three groups according to the treatment: Propylthiouracil (PTU) group, PTU + propranolol (PRP) group, PTU + PRP + vitamin E (vitE) group. RESULTS: In the hyperthyroid patients plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly high as compared to the control group (p < 0,001). There was a significant decrease in the MDA levels post-treatment (p < 0.001 in the PTU + PRP group and PTU + PRP + vitE group, p < 0.01 in the PTU group). In the hyperthyroidism, blood reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were lower, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were higher than in the control group, but these changes were not significant. Post-treatment in each of the three groups the GSH levels were increased significantly as compared to the pretreatment levels (p < 0.001). There was significant decrease in the SOD activity post treatment (p < 0.01 in all three groups). Post-treatment CAT activity was decreased (p < 0.05 in the PTU group, p < 0.001 in the other two groups). The erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activity was lower significantly in the hyperthyroidism as compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Post-treatment, in the three groups Gpx activity increased significantly as compared to the pretreatment levels (p < 0.05 in the PTU group, p < 0.001 in the PTU + PRP group and PTU + PRP + vitE group). CONCLUSION: We considered that giving all three treatments would be useful to the prevention of oxidative stress in the hyperthyroidism states.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Influence of genetic taste sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP), dietary restraint and disinhibition on body mass index in middle-aged women.

A previous study from our laboratory reported a small, inverse association between taste sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) and body mass index (BMI) among lean, young-adult males. Weaknesses in study design precluded making this same observation in females. To overcome these shortcomings, the present study investigated this relationship in older, heavier women characterized by dietary restraint and disinhibition. We tested the hypothesis that lower taste sensitivity to PROP would be associated with higher BMI but that high dietary restraint would mask this association. Thus, no relationship between taster status and BMI was expected in those with high dietary restraint. Eighty-six, middle-aged women (39.0+/-1.0 years) with a mean BMI of 27.4+/-0.8 participated. They were classified as PROP nontasters (n=23), medium tasters (n=32) or supertasters (n=31). Initial analyses revealed that disinhibition had a strong positive influence on BMI that was unrelated to PROP status (P< or =.001). After adjusting for disinhibition, a strong interaction between PROP status and restraint on BMI was noted. Among women with low dietary restraint, nontasters (P< or =.01) and medium tasters (P< or =.05) were heavier than supertasters by 6 and 4 adjusted BMI units, respectively. No differences in BMI were found across taster groups in women with high dietary restraint. These data confirm that the inverse association between PROP status and BMI reported earlier in men is also present in women and that this relationship becomes apparent when variables relevant to eating behavior in women are taken into consideration. These findings are discussed in the context of emerging theories relating genetic differences in taste to fat acceptance, fat intake and body weight.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

A paper screening test to assess genetic taste sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil.

The purpose of this study was to develop a quantifiable method to fix 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) onto filter paper disks and to test the validity of the method relative to the three-solution test, previously developed in this laboratory. Filter paper disks were impregnated with 50 mmol/l PROP or 1.0 mol/l NaCl then dried. The concentration of PROP per disk was determined to be 0.280 mg+/-2.2% (CV) by ethanol extraction. Subjects were studied in two groups (n=62 per group). All subjects were initially classified by the three-solution test and then were independently classified by the paper disk test. In the paper disk test, group means for PROP (+/-95% confidence interval) were calculated and used to establish numerical cutoff scores for taster group classification. Cutoff scores for Group 1 were used to classify subjects in Group 2, verifying that the cutoffs were applicable to another subject group. The percentage of nontasters, medium tasters, and supertasters identified by paper disk was 27%, 42%, and 31%, respectively, which is consistent with expected frequencies in the population. For Group 1, the agreement between the two classification methods ranged from 86% to 94% across taster groups. For Group 2, the agreement ranged from 83% to 100%. The contingency coefficient (P) of the degree of association between the two classification methods was high (P=0.77 and P=0.74 for Groups 1 and 2, respectively; P< or =.001). These results demonstrate that the paper disk method is a reliable screening tool for assessing sensitivity to PROP that has numerous applications in basic and applied research.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Nontasters, tasters, and supertasters of 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) and hedonic response to sweet.

Genetic sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) has been reported to predict hedonic response to sweet taste in both women and men. This study was based on a sample of 159 women of different ethnic backgrounds, mean age 27.0 years, and mean body mass index (BMI) 23.2. The women were classified as nontasters (n = 43), regular tasters (n = 70), or supertasters (n = 46) of PROP on the basis of their PROP detection thresholds and the scaling of 5 suprathreshold solutions of PROP and NaCl. Nontasters had thresholds > 1.8 x 10(-4) mol/L PROP and PROP/NaCl ratios < 1.60. Supertasters had thresholds < 3.2 x 10(-5) mol/L PROP and PROP/NaCl ratios > 1.60. Genetic sensitivity to PROP failed to predict sweetness intensity ratings or hedonic response profiles for sucrose solutions. Separating subjects into sucrose "likers" and "dislikers" failed to reveal any significant links to PROP nontaster, taster, or supertaster status in this all-female sample.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Genetic sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil and sensory responses to sugar and fat mixtures.

This study tested the hypothesis that genetic sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) is associated with greater sensitivity to sugar and fat in foods. Subjects were 118 young women from different ethnic backgrounds, mean age 26.9 years and mean body mass index (BMI) 23.4. The women were classified as nontasters (n = 39), medium tasters (n = 48), or supertasters (n = 31) of PROP. Nontasters of PROP had thresholds of 1.8 x 10(-4) mol/L PROP or greater, whereas tasters had thresholds below 1.0 x 10(-4) mol/L PROP. PROP tasters were divided into medium tasters and supertasters, based on the ratio of intensity ratings of suprathreshold PROP solutions relative to NaCl solutions. Supertasters were defined as those with PROP/NaCl ratios of 1.90 or more. The pattern of sensory responses to sweetened dairy products of varying sugar and fat contents closely replicated data obtained in other studies. Genetic sensitivity to PROP was not associated with enhanced perception or altered hedonic response profiles for this range of 15 sugar/fat mixtures. Separating subjects into "likers" and "dislikers" of sweetened dairy products failed to reveal significant links to PROP taster status in this all-female sample.

Adult↗