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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparative assessment of four drug interaction compendia.

AIMS: To assess the consistency of inclusion and grading of major drug interactions for 50 drugs in four leading international drug interaction compendia. METHODS Four international drug interaction compendia were compared: the drug interactions appendix of the British National Formulary, the interaction supplement in the French drug compendium Vidal, and two US drug interaction compendia, Drug Interaction Facts and the Micromedex (Drug-Reax) program. Major interactions were defined as potentially hazardous in BNF or with the warning 'contraindication' or 'avoid' in Vidal or with the significance grading 1 or 2 in DIF. Major interactions for a list of 50 drugs were searched in all four compendia. RESULTS: A total of 1264 interactions meeting the inclusion criteria were identified for these 50 drugs. After deletion of 169 duplicates, 1095 interactions were included in the analysis. Of the drug interactions classified as major in any one compendium between 14% and 44% were not listed in the other compendia. The grading systems used for the severity and the quality of the supporting evidence in Micromedex and DIF were inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of consistency in the inclusion and grading of drug interactions of major significance for 50 drugs across the four drug compendia examined. This may reflect the lack of standardization of the terminology used to classify drug interactions and the lack of good epidemiological evidence on which to base the assessment of the clinical relevance of drug interactions.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗
PubMed1988

TNM classification of genitourinary tumours 1987--position of the EORTC Genitourinary Group.

This report analyses the changes in the classification of the genitourinary tumours introduced by the 1987 edition of the TNM system. Criticism and suggestions for improvement are given. These are based on the extensive experience of the EORTC GU Group with clinical trial work particularly the identification of prognostic factors, on their success in reaching international consensus on tumour classification, and on information from the literature. Many of the changes introduced in the 1987 system are not considered to be strictly necessary. These include the introduction of the new additional descriptors, including "C" and "R", the changes in the T classification of prostatic and renal cancer, and the introduction of uniform N categories for all tumours and other features. We regret the omission of minimal requirements, the omission of the V classification for macroscopic or microscopic vascular invasion, the changes in the T categories of carcinoma of the bladder and the introduction of stage groupings for all urological tumours. Some of these changes are considered unacceptable. The attitude of the EORTC GU Group toward the use of the new TNM classification is indicated in detail.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Polymedicine: known and unknown drug interactions.

Despite more than 15 years of extensive scrutiny, adverse drug interactions, especially in the elderly, remain a problem for the clinician. A two-pronged approach is suggested to contend with drug interactions: detection or avoidance of known drug interactions; and predictions and characterization of hitherto unknown interactions. The former approach is aided by critical reference sources on the subject and the use of drug interaction screening aids such as drug interactions alert lists or rotating drug discs. Computers are becoming increasingly important not only for the detection of potential drug interactions but also for the delineation of drug therapy options. Ultimately, computers can be used to predict interactions on the basis of physiochemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic data. For the present, extensive epidemiologic research programs can serve to ferret out interactions. Limited accessibility to such program data bases mandates a high index of suspicion in prepared and well-informed observers if the drug interaction problem is to be dealt with.

Documentation↗
PubMed2001

Evaluation of cancer-preventive agents and strategies a new program at the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

About five years ago, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) initiated a new program, IARC Handbooks of Cancer Prevention, aimed at evaluating the evidence base for the cancer-preventive activity of various agents and strategies. To date (2001) 5 volumes have been published--1. Non-steroidalAnti-inflammatory Drugs, 2. Carotenoids, 3. Vitamin A, 4. Retinoids, and 5. Sunscreens--and volume 6 (Weight Control and Physical Activity) is in press. Future volumes will include evaluations of breast cancer screening (vol. 7) and fruits and vegetables (vol. 8).

Anticarcinogenic Agents↗
PubMed2004

Answering physicians' clinical questions: obstacles and potential solutions.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the most frequent obstacles preventing physicians from answering their patient-care questions and the most requested improvements to clinical information resources. DESIGN: Qualitative analysis of questions asked by 48 randomly selected generalist physicians during ambulatory care. MEASUREMENTS: Frequency of reported obstacles to answering patient-care questions and recommendations from physicians for improving clinical information resources. RESULTS: The physicians asked 1,062 questions but pursued answers to only 585 (55%). The most commonly reported obstacle to the pursuit of an answer was the physician's doubt that an answer existed (52 questions, 11%). Among pursued questions, the most common obstacle was the failure of the selected resource to provide an answer (153 questions, 26%). During audiotaped interviews, physicians made 80 recommendations for improving clinical information resources. For example, they requested comprehensive resources that answer questions likely to occur in practice with emphasis on treatment and bottom-line advice. They asked for help in locating information quickly by using lists, tables, bolded subheadings, and algorithms and by avoiding lengthy, uninterrupted prose. CONCLUSION: Physicians do not seek answers to many of their questions, often suspecting a lack of usable information. When they do seek answers, they often cannot find the information they need. Clinical resource developers could use the recommendations made by practicing physicians to provide resources that are more useful for answering clinical questions.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Disseminating drug prescribing information: the cox-2 inhibitors withdrawals.

This case study examined the recent withdrawal of valdecoxib to determine the timeliness of updates in commonly used information sources used by healthcare professionals. The method included assembling a purposive sample of 15 drug reference and warning systems that were then systematically monitored for several months after the withdrawal of valdecoxib to determine the time to update this information. These information sources were classified and described qualitatively. A time to diffusion curve was plotted and the average number of days to report the drug withdrawal or update reference databases was calculated. Only 2 of 15 information systems reported the drug withdrawal on the actual date of the FDA announcement. Institutional electronic textbooks took an average of 109.8 days (+/-14 days) to report the withdrawal. In addition, one pharma-sponsored dissemination source (Peerview Press) had not updated their information as of this publication.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems↗
PubMed1997

Sources of salary statistics for health care professionals.

Salary statistics for various health care professions are much in demand, yet finding them is not always an easy task. This article provides an annotated list of selected sources of salary statistics for medicine, dentistry, nursing, pharmacy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy. Emphasis is placed on sources which are published regularly. Strategies for finding additional sources of salary statistics are also discussed.

Data Collection↗