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At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Development of traction retinal detachments following intravitreal injections of retinal Muller and pigment epithelial cells.

We injected varying numbers of retinal Muller glia into the rabbit vitreous in an established model of traction retinal detachment. We used indirect ophthalmoscopy to observe the changes elicited during the following 1 month. Although the severity of the tractional changes increased with increasing numbers of the glial cells, the pathology produced stabilized within the 1st week of injury. Muller glia were less effective at eliciting retinal detachments than retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) or mixtures of glia and RPE. Intravitreal tissue membranes derived from the glia differed morphologically from those derived from RPE. The glial membranes had fewer fibroblast-like cells, synthesized less extracellular matrix, and showed lower intravitreal cell proliferation, as determined by 3H-thymidine radioautography. Our findings indicate that membranes composed only of Muller glial cells promote less severe retinal pathology than those membranes composed of RPE or mixed cell types.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Results of pars plana vitrectomy with intraocular SF-6 gas tamponade in complicated retinal detachment].

Vitrectomy following complicated retinal detachment (PVR, giant tears, persistent retinal detachments or redetachments) has become standard in ophthalmic surgery. Intraocular tamponade is performed with gas (e.g. SF-6) or silicone oil. We retrospectively analyzed our functional and anatomical results after vitrectomy with SF-6 gas tamponade in complicated cases of retinal detachment. Ninety-four severe retinal detachments in 85 patients were treated by vitrectomy using SF-6 gas tamponade in the period from July 1990 to June 1991. In 68% of eyes complete retinal reattachment was achieved with the use of SF-6 gas. Thirty-two per cent of the operated eyes developed retinal redetachment an average of 3.4 weeks after initial surgery; 27% of those eyes were treated again with the use of silicone oil. The success rate using vitrectomy with SF-6 gas ranged between 46% and 74%, depending on pathogenetic factors. The best results were obtained in patients receiving primary vitrectomy for complicated retinal detachment. It is concluded that SF-6 gas is a successful tool in the treatment of severe retinal detachment with primary vitrectomy. In cases of persistent or recurrent detachment of the retina the results are not equally good and these cases merit consideration of silicone oil tamponade, depending on the severity of the disease process. However, no definite preoperative criteria for the success of vitrectomy and gas tamponade were identified.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1995

Retinal detachment in AIDS-related cytomegalovirus retinitis.

Patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMVR) are surviving longer due to the use of virostatic medicines and improved treatment of opportunistic infections. As a result, retinal detachment is likely to become an increasingly common cause of visual morbidity in these patients. The incidence and outcome of retinal detachment complicating CMVR was studied at two London AIDS centres. Patients with CMVR were identified prospectively and underwent standard treatment. Retinal detachments were diagnosed during regular follow-up. If retinal reattachment surgery was performed, a standard procedure of vitrectomy and silicone oil internal tamponade was employed. Of 147 patients with CMVR, 41 (28%) developed retinal detachments (47 eyes). Forty-three detachments were rhegmatogenous and 4 were exudative. Fifteen eyes of 9 patients with rhegmatogenous detachments underwent retinal reattachment surgery. Of these, visual acuity remained stable or improved in 12 eyes (80%) in the immediate post-operative period. At the last clinic visit, 8 eyes (53%) maintained a visual acuity of 6/60 or better. The visual results of surgery are good in selected patients, bearing in mind the progressive nature of the underlying disease and poor life expectancy.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1982

[Treatment of retinal detachment associated with large or giant retinal tears (author's transl)].

Nineteen retinal detachments associated with large or giant retinal tears (70 degrees to 340 degrees) were treated by a microsurgical technique excluding vitrectomy. Reattachment of the retina was achieved in 15 patients (79 p. cent). Near normal visual acuity was achieved in 9 eyes. The anatomical and visual results achieved in this series lead the authors to discuss the specific problems involved in the treatment of retinal detachments associated with large or giant retinal tears. The indications for vitrectomy can be limited to those retinal detachments associated with a retinal tear involving more than 2 quadrants, and/or an inverted posterior margin reaching or covering the posterior pole, and/or a fixed retina and/or massive retraction of the anterior vitreous gel. In the clinical experience of the authors the cases which do not fulfil the previous criteria can be treated by a microsurgical technique excluding vitrectomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunohistologic study of the epiretinal membranes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinal detachment with vitreo-retinal proliferation].

An immunohistological study was performed in specimens of epiretinal membranes obtained during surgery in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Using immunostaining procedures, these membranes were found to contain great amounts of immunoglobulins and complement, as well as a strong expression of class II antigens. These results confirm the involvement of auto-immune phenomena in intra-ocular proliferative diseases and the close relationship between the immune system and peptide growth factors.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1979

Retinal detachment and pseudophakia.

Retinal detachments occur in up to 3.6% of pseudophakic patients. The intraocular lens makes it hard to see the peripheral fundus but the small pupil ophthalmoscope is a valuable help. The functional and anatomic success rates after operation are about 5% less than those of patients with aphakic retinal detachments matched for age and sex. I present fifteen cases of pseudophakic detachment. Any manipulation likely to induce contact between lens and cornea such as collapse of the globe after drainage of fluid or gas injections should be avoided. Careful examination of the fundus before and after cataract extraction and careful selection of paients for lens implantation are the only means of reducing the incidence of retinal detachment.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Retinal detachment in pseudophakia].

Retinal detachment in an aphakic eye is a grave therapeutical problem. There exists some fears that cataract extraction with implantation of an artificial lens may increase the number of these complications. Three hundred and seventy cases of cataract extraction with implantation of an artificial lens performed in our department were analysed from the point of view of the incidence of retinal detachment. The cataract was extracted extra- and intracapsularly and the artificial lens was implanted in the anterior as well as in the posterior chamber. During the period of observation--4 months to 3 years--it was established that the number of the retinal detachment in pseudophakia was not larger than in aphakic eyes without implant.

Adult↗