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PubMedDate not supplied

Mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in saliva after the application of fissure sealants.

Because dental fissures may serve as reservoirs for mutans streptococci, preventive measures should be taken to control microbial concentrations at these sites. This study estimated the influence that sealing permanent first molars would have on the levels of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in saliva of healthy seven-year-old schoolchildren. Permanent first molars were sealed in 31 children without caries (NC group) and in 32 children with caries (C group). None of the children had caries in their permanent first molars. Conventional methods were used to count mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in saliva before applying the sealant and again at 4 and 12 weeks after application. Baseline counts of lactobacilli and mutans streptococci were significantly higher in the C group. A significant reduction in mutans streptococci was observed in the NC group at 4 and 12 weeks. It was concluded that fissure sealants in permanent first molars can help reduce salivary levels of mutans streptococci in children without caries.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of cooperation in pediatric dentistry--the role of child personality characteristics.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate fear, temperament, behavioral symptoms and verbal intelligence in a study group of uncooperative child dental patients, partly in comparison with a reference group of ordinary child dental patients. A second aim was to explore a hypothesis of heterogeneity by searching for subgroups within the study group. METHODS: Parents of 86 study group children (36 aged 4-to 7- years and 50 aged 8- to 12-years) and 117 reference group children (8- to 12-years) answered a questionnaire concerning dental and general fear, temperament and general behavior. Study group children performed a vocabulary test to measure verbal intelligence. Data were analyzed with a variable-based and a person-based approach. RESULTS: In addition to dental fear, a higher level of impulsivity most clearly discriminated study group from reference group children. Cluster analyses revealed four different fear and personality subgroups within the study group. CONCLUSIONS: Uncooperative child dental patients constitute a heterogeneous group. Subgroups with different fear, temperament and behavior problem profiles can be identified. These subgroups could be presumed to benefit from different treatment regimens, which should be further investigated.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2002

Characteristics of civilian postdoctoral general dentistry programs.

U.S. civilian (non-VA/non-military) Advanced Education in General Dentistry (AEGD) and General Practice Residency (GPR) programs were identified (n=208) and surveyed. The assessment evaluated infrastructure support, populations served, services provided, and trainee stipends. One hundred thirty-one programs responded (thirty-two AEGD, 64 percent/ninety-nine GPR, 63 percent). Sixty-nine programs were HRSA-funded (53 percent), and sixty-three (47 percent) were nonfunded. One hundred and five responses identified hospital/medical center resources; fifty-six indicated dental school support. Mean faculty support was similar regardless of program type or HRSA funding. Mean first-year positions in AEGDs were greater than GPRs. Mean first-year GPR positions were greater in funded than in nonfunded programs. A comparison of AEGD and GPR programs showed that residents in GPRs treated more children, medically intensive, economically/socially disadvantaged, and in-patient/same-day surgery patients (p<0.05). Residents in AEGDs treated more healthy adults (p<0.05). GPRs treated more lower fee (no pay, Medicaid, welfare/general relief, Medicare, and capitation/HMO) patients. AEGDs treated more insurance/private pay patients (p=.0001). No differences existed in comprehensive care and emergency visits between AEGDs and GPRs. GPRs treated more hospital-based patients. The mean stipends for GPRs ($32,055) and AEGDs ($22,403) were different.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Sleep time of children from 1 month to 5 years of age in Shanghai, an epidemiological study].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the age specific sleep time among children 1 month to 5 years of age in Shanghai, China, and to identify the related factors. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents of 3 266 children 1 month to 5 years of age, randomly selected in five urban districts of Shanghai in August and September of 1999 and 2000, with a response rate of 97.83%. RESULTS: The total sleep time among children less than 48 months of age in Shanghai was less than that among children the same age in Western countries. The factors related to children's inadequacy of total time included parental insufficient sleep time, children's difficult temperament parental presence at sleep onset of children, and cosleeping. CONCLUSIONS: The total sleep time among children at tender age in Shanghai is on the low side. The main influencing factor of insufficiency of sleep time among children is the family environmental factor, especially parental improper response to children's sleep behaviors.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

Early childhood caries and risk factors in Jordan.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of dental caries among Jordanian preschool children and risk factors for caries. DESIGN: Preschool children aged 1 to 5 years from randomly selected nurseries and kindergartens in Amman were surveyed in September 2001. A questionnaire to investigate factors that might have affected dental caries level was completed by parents. Dental caries was diagnosed as recommended by the World Health Organization. RESULTS: The mean dmft scores at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years were 0.19, 1.15, 1.7, 2.13, and 3.22 respectively. Overall, 52% of children were caries-free. Caries level was significantly related to feeding practices, snacking habits, oral health practices and pattern of dental visiting as well as to socio-economic background, parents, education level and awareness. CONCLUSION: The dental caries level was slightly higher than that of children in industrialised countries but lower than that of children in the neighbouring Arab countries. However, the early caries development seen in children from the lower socio-economic classes, because they are at high risk for caries in Jordan, reinforces the need for preventive programmes before eruption of the teeth. Access to dental care must be improved to enable any preventive strategies to be implemented.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2002

Number of teeth and nutritional status in Thai older people.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association between the number of natural teeth and nutritional status in older Thai people aged 60-74 years. RESEARCH DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. METHOD: Stratified purposive sampling from senior citizen centres, households in sub-districts and municipal communities in Chiang Mai metropolitan area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The number of natural teeth and underweight status. RESULTS: Mean Body Mass Index was 22.1 (+/- 4.0) kg/m2 in the whole sample; 29.4% of the total sample were underweight. After controlling for confounders (personal income and age), there was a significant association between BMI and number of teeth. The crude odds ratio of underweight were 2.42 for 19 or less natural teeth and 2.84 for no natural teeth compared to 20 teeth or above (P < 0.001). A significant association was also found between number of natural teeth and being underweight (< 20 kg/m2) in the older age group (68-74 years) after controlling for personal income, gender, education and current smoking (odds ratio = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.25, 4.13). CONCLUSIONS: The results support the association between the number of natural teeth and being underweight.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

Dental caries and oral hygiene status of school children in Davangere related to their socio-economic levels: an epidemiological study.

Dental caries and periodontal disease, the most commonly seen disease show striking geographic variation, socio-economic patterns and severity of distribution all over the world. Hence, an attempt has been made to determine the relationship of oral health status with socio-economic status in Davangere town. A total of 2007 children of 13 to 14 years age belonging to both sexes were examined. Type III examination was carried out during the survey. DMFcaries Index and Oral Hygiene Index was used to assess caries experience and oral hygiene status. Prasad's classification was used to know the social classification of the children. It was concluded that dental caries experience and oral hygiene status of children are strongly correlated to socio-economic status.

Adolescent↗